Latyan Dam ( fa, سد لتيان, also

Romanize Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and ...

d as ''Sadd-e Latyān'') is a

buttress dam A buttress dam or hollow dam is a dam with a solid, water-tight upstream side that is supported at intervals on the downstream side by a series of buttresses or supports. The dam wall may be straight or curved. Most buttress dams are made of reinfor ...

on the

Jajrood River The Jajrud (Jājrūd), also spelled as Jajrood, Djadjéroud or Djaderoud, is a river in northern Iran that passes through the provinces of Mazandaran and Tehran. It flows south through the central Alborz mountain range. It is a tributary of the ...

, located less than 25 km from

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

in the south of city of

Lavasan Lavasan ( fa, لواسان, also Romanized as ''Lavāsān'') is an affluent town in Shemiranat County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 28,558, in 7,645 families. The Jajrood River flows through Lavasan. Situated 11 k ...

. It is one of the main sources of water for

metropolitan region. It was constructed between 1963 and 1967. The first generator in the dam's 45 MW

hydroelectric Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies one sixth of the world's electricity, almost 4500 TWh in 2020, which is more than all other renewable sources combined and ...

power station was commissioned on 17 March 1969, the second on 13 April 1987.

Geology

basin is located in the southern part of central

Alborz The Alborz ( fa, البرز) range, also spelled as Alburz, Elburz or Elborz, is a mountain range in northern Iran that stretches from the border of Azerbaijan along the western and entire southern coast of the Caspian Sea and finally runs nort ...

mountain range, the rocks of which date from the

Palaeozoic The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. The name ''Paleozoic'' ( ;) was coined by the British geologist Adam Sedgwick in 1838 by combining the Greek words ''palaiós'' (, "old") and '' ...

era up to the

Quaternary The Quaternary ( ) is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). It follows the Neogene Period and spans from 2.58 million years ...

period, as below: *

era: The dolomitic rocks, sandstone and limestone. Belong to

Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, whe ...

Carboniferous The Carboniferous ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Permian Period, million years ago. The name ''Carbonifero ...

and

Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleoz ...

periods. *

Mesozoic The Mesozoic Era ( ), also called the Age of Reptiles, the Age of Conifers, and colloquially as the Age of the Dinosaurs is the second-to-last era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about , comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceo ...

era: The sandstone formation and limestones of Teriace and

Shemshak Shemshak darbandsar ( fa, شمشک دربندسر) is a city in Rudbar-e Qasran District, Shemiranat County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,383, in 702 families. A suburb of Tehran, the city of Shemshak darban ...

(

Lower Jurassic The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma ...

) coal formation with sandstone and fossiliferous limestones belong to this era. *

Paleogene The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million yea ...

period: starts with lower and middle

Eocene The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene' ...

limestone layers with nummulite fossil and continues with the

green layers. (Green tuffs) which is an indication of submarine volcanic, eruptions and were belongs to upper Eocene. *

period: The basaltic masses in the alluvial deposits which cover a big area in the region belong to this era.

Location within Alborz Range

References

External links

Profile at soil-water.com
Dams in Tehran Province Buildings and structures in Tehran Province Dams completed in 1967 Buttress dams Energy infrastructure completed in 1987 Hydroelectric power stations in Iran {{Iran-dam-stub