The Latham appliance is a medical appliance used to repair

cleft lip A cleft lip contains an opening in the upper lip that may extend into the nose. The opening may be on one side, both sides, or in the middle. A cleft palate occurs when the palate (the roof of the mouth) contains an opening into the nose. The te ...

and

cleft palate A cleft lip contains an opening in the upper lip that may extend into the nose. The opening may be on one side, both sides, or in the middle. A cleft palate occurs when the palate (the roof of the mouth) contains an opening into the nose. The te ...

in young children. The appliance is

surgically Surgery ''cheirourgikē'' (composed of χείρ, "hand", and ἔργον, "work"), via la, chirurgiae, meaning "hand work". is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a person to investigate or treat a pat ...

inserted by use of pins during the child's 4th or 5th month. After it is in place, the doctor, or parents, turn a screw daily to bring the cleft together to assist with future lip and/or palate repair. It has been advocated that an ideal approach to treatment of infants with UCLP would be to move the entire

maxilla The maxilla (plural: ''maxillae'' ) in vertebrates is the upper fixed (not fixed in Neopterygii) bone of the jaw formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones. In humans, the upper jaw includes the hard palate in the front of the mouth. The t ...

forward using traction to stimulate an adjustment response of the maxillary sutures. Such an advancement would improve alignment of the

dental arch The dental arches are the two arches (crescent arrangements) of teeth, one on each jaw, that together constitute the dentition. In humans and many other species; the superior (maxillary or upper) dental arch is a little larger than the inferio ...

. If this were accomplished prior to surgery, the cheiloplasty might result in more normal anatomic relationships with minimal mobilization of facial tissues. The appliance has two

acrylic Acrylic may refer to: Chemicals and materials * Acrylic acid, the simplest acrylic compound * Acrylate polymer, a group of polymers (plastics) noted for transparency and elasticity * Acrylic resin, a group of related thermoplastic or thermosett ...

pads joined by a posterior

stainless steel Stainless steel is an alloy of iron that is resistant to rusting and corrosion. It contains at least 11% chromium and may contain elements such as carbon, other nonmetals and metals to obtain other desired properties. Stainless steel's corros ...

hinged strut. The end of the adjustment screw, which is attached to the lesser segment, fits into a slot on the greater segment. The appliance is attached to the palatal bone using stainless steel pins placed 30-40" to the vertical. This pin placement facilitates good retention and avoids the developing teeth. Rotation of the screw applies a force that advances the lesser segment anteriorly.

References

Palate surgery {{surgery-stub