''Last Rights'' is the seventh studio album by Canadian
electro-industrial
Electro-industrial is a music genre that emerged from industrial music in the early 1980s. While EBM (electronic body music) has a minimal structure and clean production, electro-industrial tends to have a grittier, complex and layered sound ...
band
Skinny Puppy. It was released in March 1992 as the group's final record distributed through
Nettwerk
Nettwerk Music Group is the umbrella company for Nettwerk Records, Nettwerk Management, and Nettwerk One Publishing.
Established in 1984, the Vancouver-based company was created by Nettwerk principals Terry McBride and Mark Jowett as a record ...
. ''Last Rights'' saw the band experimenting with two opposite extremes:
cacophonous heavy music and gloomy melodies, resulting in moments of
industrial weight as well as moments of uncharacteristic softness. Along with containing some of the band's most impenetrable walls of sound and an eleven-minute track composed almost entirely of manipulated and distorted
samples, ''Last Rights'' also features Skinny Puppy's first
ballad
A ballad is a form of verse, often a narrative set to music. Ballads derive from the medieval French ''chanson balladée'' or ''ballade'', which were originally "dance songs". Ballads were particularly characteristic of the popular poetry and ...
.
The album's production was troubled both internally and externally, involving tension within the band and threatened litigation from without. After its release, it was followed by Skinny Puppy's last tour for twelve years. Despite ''Last Rights difficulties, it was well-received and named by ''
Alternative Press
Alternative press may refer to:
Individual publications
* ''Alternative Press'' (magazine), an American music magazine
Alternative journalism
* Alternative media
** Alternative media (U.S. political left)
** Alternative media (U.S. political ri ...
'' as one of the best albums of the 1990s. It spawned two singles, "
Inquisition
The Inquisition was a group of institutions within the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat heresy, conducting trials of suspected heretics. Studies of the records have found that the overwhelming majority of sentences consisted of penances, ...
" in 1993 and "
Left Handshake" (distributed under the title "Track 10") in 2000, and was the band's first release to chart on the
''Billboard'' 200.
Background and production
After Skinny Puppy released ''
Too Dark Park'' in 1990, internal stress began to take its toll on the band.
cEvin Key
Kevin William Crompton (born February 13, 1961), known professionally as cEvin Key, is a Canadian musician, songwriter, producer, and composer. He is best known as a member of the industrial music group Skinny Puppy, which he co-founded in 1982 wi ...
and
Dwayne Goettel
Dwayne Rudolph Goettel (February 1, 1964August 23, 1995) was a Canadian electronic musician, best known for his work in the industrial music group Skinny Puppy. Starting his career playing for a variety of acts around Edmonton, he joined Skinny P ...
believed that vocalist
Nivek Ogre
Kevin Graham Ogilvie (born December 5, 1962), known professionally as Nivek Ogre, is a Canadian musician, performance artist and actor, best known for his work with the industrial music group Skinny Puppy, which he co-founded with cEvin Key. Sin ...
was more interested in pursuing his solo career than maintaining Skinny Puppy, and his abuse of drugs (specifically injected
cocaine
Cocaine (from , from , ultimately from Quechua: ''kúka'') is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant mainly used recreationally for its euphoric effects. It is primarily obtained from the leaves of two Coca species native to South Ameri ...
and
heroin)
exacerbated the schism.
Manager Mark Jowett recalled the time, saying, "They internally combusted to some degree".
Though the band was still functional and able to record music, much of the friendliness was gone when it came time to work on ''Last Rights''.
Dave Ogilvie
Dave "Rave" Ogilvie is a Canadian record producer, mixer, songwriter and musician. The former member of bands Skinny Puppy and Jakalope started his recording career in Vancouver working as an engineer at Mushroom Studios. He has been described by ...
, longtime producer and temporary member of Skinny Puppy during the 1988 ''
VIVIsectVI'' sessions, acted as a middleman between the two halves of the band.
First, he would record with Goettel and Key, and afterwards he would bring Ogre in and work with him in isolation.
This disconnect between ''Last Rights instrumental composition and vocal recording would prove vital to its discordant sound.
![1169_Nelson_Street](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/1169_Nelson_Street.jpg)
Ogre conceived of and recorded all of his lyrics in the studio with minimal planning.
He considered the vocals a "train of consciousness" that powerfully reflected him in the moment.
Key and Goettel also recorded their part of the music in-studio; about the process, Key said, "I think with
'Last Rights'' it was our opportunity to just let the album create itself by the collective energies involved".
Because the band had access to new equipment, Key and Goettel spent more time on the post-production of ''Last Rights'' than on any other Skinny Puppy album, specifically on noisy and complicated songs like "Scrapyard" and "Download".
Many of the songs on the second half of ''Last Rights'' are either instrumental or feature protracted instrumental segments.
According to Key, Ogre intended to finish more vocals than he did, but the state of him and the band cut the sessions short.
Ogre reached the apex of his "functional drug addiction" during the album's recording,
and Key and Goettel were fearful for his life.
Ogre experienced vivid, drug- and insomnia-induced hallucinations in the studio, leading to what he called the "best sessions" of recording.
Often these intense experiences would end with him being taken to the hospital.
After his third seizure, which occurred while he was recording background vocals to the song "Knowhere?",
and after contracting
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is an infectious disease of the liver caused by ''Hepatovirus A'' (HAV); it is a type of viral hepatitis. Many cases have few or no symptoms, especially in the young. The time between infection and symptoms, in those who develop them ...
, Ogre decided to drop narcotics and check himself into
rehab.
He remained there until Skinny Puppy embarked on a tour of North America.
Following the release of ''Last Rights'' (which Ogre considered a document of his collapse)
and its subsequent tour, Ogre was clean and the band was functioning, but the future of Skinny Puppy remained unclear.
"Left Handshake"
''Last Rights production encountered more problems when its tenth track was faced with legal action. The song in question, "Left Handshake", featured vocal
samples of
Timothy Leary
Timothy Francis Leary (October 22, 1920 – May 31, 1996) was an American psychologist and author known for his strong advocacy of psychedelic drugs. Evaluations of Leary are polarized, ranging from bold oracle to publicity hound. He was "a her ...
from his 1967 release ''
Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out
"Turn on, tune in, drop out" is a counterculture-era phrase popularized by Timothy Leary in 1966. In 1967, Leary spoke at the Human Be-In, a gathering of 30,000 hippies in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco and phrased the famous words, "Turn on, ...
''.
Because so much of the album's lyrics were about drugs and drug abuse, Key wanted the final statement of ''Last Rights'' to be his and Goettel's take on the issue.
Key considered "Left Handshake" as a "last argument" that "really rounded off the album".
What resulted was a sort of back-and-forth between the cut samples and the vocals of Ogre, who construed the sound bites as an attack on his addiction.
The band obtained Leary's permission to use his voice,
but
Henry G. Saperstein, owner of the copyright, threatened to sue Skinny Puppy if they released the song.
As a result, "Left Handshake" was taken off ''Last Rights'', and many releases of the album preserve the tenth track slot as blank.
Despite this, the song was a staple of 1992's live sets.
"Left Handshake" would not see a release until eight years later when it was distributed in a limited capacity under the title "Track 10".
Composition and content
Often described as Skinny Puppy's darkest work,
''Last Rights'' is a notably heavy, bleak, and dense album.
It still retains the band's
electro-industrial
Electro-industrial is a music genre that emerged from industrial music in the early 1980s. While EBM (electronic body music) has a minimal structure and clean production, electro-industrial tends to have a grittier, complex and layered sound ...
roots and even has some
dance aspects,
but those elements give way to a heavy emphasis on walls of noise,
atonal and highly distorted percussion,
Ogre's agonized screaming,
and, alternatively, moments of unusual melodicism.
The phrase "audio sculpture" has been used to refer to the sound of ''Last Rights''.
On the album, the group's employment of samples was refined
and, according to Tim DiGravina of
AllMusic
AllMusic (previously known as All Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on musicians and bands. Initiated in 1991, the databa ...
, put to better use than on past releases.
Compared to Skinny Puppy's previous work, ''Last Rights'' is a more internal and personal album,
with some publications seeing it as prophetic of the band's eventual demise.
Ogre called the release his "document of delusion" and said that it captured the absolute height of the worst, most painful moments of his life.
Because of the close nature of Ogre's contributions, no lyrics were printed on the liner notes.
The album begins with the track "Love in Vein", which was intended to be a
12-inch single
The twelve-inch single (often written as 12-inch or 12″) is a type of vinyl ( polyvinyl chloride or PVC) gramophone record that has wider groove spacing and shorter playing time with a 'single' or a few related sound tracks on each surfac ...
but never saw individual release.
Musically, the song starts with reversed and slow-motion samples before transitioning into a driving
drum machine loop underlain with Ogre's rasped vocals. As with much of the album, "Love in Vein" features a number of aural layers, such as samples from "
Revolution 9
"Revolution 9" is a sound collage from the Beatles' 1968 self-titled double album (also known as the "White Album"). The composition, credited to Lennon–McCartney, was created primarily by John Lennon with assistance from Yoko Ono and George ...
" by
the Beatles
The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the developmen ...
. Halfway through the song, extremely distorted and downtuned clips of Ogre's vocals are introduced. ''Last Rights second song and Skinny Puppy's first
ballad
A ballad is a form of verse, often a narrative set to music. Ballads derive from the medieval French ''chanson balladée'' or ''ballade'', which were originally "dance songs". Ballads were particularly characteristic of the popular poetry and ...
,
"Killing Game", is one of the group's more well-known and atypical tracks,
and Ogre said it rivaled 1989's "
Worlock
''Worlock'' is a single by the band Skinny Puppy from the album ''Rabies''. The song uses a sample of the guitars in " Helter Skelter" by The Beatles, as well as a vocal sample of Charles Manson singing the song. Vocalist Nivek Ogre considered ...
" as the best Skinny Puppy song.
It features melodic piano,
a slow tempo with pounding percussion, and mournful vocals.
Despite not being released as a single, "Killing Game" was the only song off of the album to receive a
music video
A music video is a video of variable duration, that integrates a music song or a music album with imagery that is produced for promotional or musical artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a music marketing device ...
.
The album's third track, "Knowhere?", is one of Skinny Puppy's darkest and heaviest.
Sputnikmusic wrote that the percussion at the beginning of the song "seems to be created through the combination of an explosion and a gunshot".
Though almost all of the
industrial metal influence that
Al Jourgensen
Alain David Jourgensen (born Alejandro Ramírez Casas; October 9, 1958) is a Cuban-American singer, musician and music producer. Closely related with the independent record label Wax Trax! Records, his musical career spans four decades. He is b ...
brought into Skinny Puppy with the 1989 album ''
Rabies
Rabies is a viral disease that causes encephalitis in humans and other mammals. Early symptoms can include fever and tingling at the site of exposure. These symptoms are followed by one or more of the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, ...
'' is absent on ''Last Rights'', "Knowhere?" includes slow, chugging electric guitar buried beneath the distorted drums and shrieked vocals. The track peaks at a moment when the instruments build to complete, nearly indiscernible noise.
In 1992, Sandra Garcia of ''B Side'' magazine wrote that the song "stopped her dead three times", making her put the album down. She continued, saying, "With the fourth try I realized it really was listening to someone going through hell".
The next song, "Mirror Saw", is a quieter, more morose track built around stilted drum clips and warbling, distant synthesizer sounds. It began as a demo recorded by Goettel that the band later added live drums and additional sounds to.
"
Inquisition
The Inquisition was a group of institutions within the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat heresy, conducting trials of suspected heretics. Studies of the records have found that the overwhelming majority of sentences consisted of penances, ...
" marks ''Last Rights midpoint and stands as its primary single. Despite being a propulsive, sample-heavy, pounding industrial dance track, it still acts as a lull from the album's chaos.
AllMusic's John Bush saw the song as the album's pinnacle, calling it a "heart-stopping single whose production contributed just as much to the air of menace as Ogre's vocals".
Jon Selzer of ''
Melody Maker'' described the song as a "utopian lament".
The sixth song, "Scrapyard", is another assault of unconventional noises with jarring rhythmic stops,
contrasting periods of acoustic guitar with growled vocals and relentlessly pounding kick drums. Key considered "Scrapyard" one of the album's more exciting tracks.
It features a sample from
John Hughes' 1989 film ''
Uncle Buck
''Uncle Buck'' is a 1989 American comedy film written and directed by John Hughes, and starring John Candy and Amy Madigan with supporting roles by Jean Louisa Kelly (in her film debut), Macaulay Culkin, Gaby Hoffmann, Garrett M. Brown and E ...
''.
"Riverz End", the album's first instrumental piece, combines two tracks from ''Rabies'', "Rivers" and "Choralone". Key intended the song to be one more break from cacophony,
and Selzer deemed it another instance of hopeful sorrow.
Diana Valois of ''
The Morning Call
''The Morning Call'' is a daily newspaper in Allentown, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1883, it is the second longest continuously published newspaper in the Lehigh Valley, after '' The Express-Times''. In 2020, the newspaper permanently closed its ...
'' called "Riverz End" pretty but compared it to a foul pool spiked with needles and rusted junk in the same breath.
"Lust Chance", another largely instrumental song, provides an eerie combination of
pornographic
Pornography (often shortened to porn or porno) is the portrayal of sexual subject matter for the exclusive purpose of sexual arousal. Primarily intended for adults, audio samples, reverberating and repetitious bass drums, and manipulated electronic sounds. Like "Scrapyard", "Lust Chance" contains a sample from ''Uncle Buck'', as well as one from Vancouver radio station
CKLG 730.
''Last Rights ninth and penultimate track, "Circustance", begins with more gloomily optimistic sounds and quickly descends into loud percussion drowning out Ogre's agonized mumbles. About this song, Valois wrote, "carnival and cartoon giddiness, pig-like snorts and speedway radio static blip by, only to end in a soothing mantra of wind blowing over glass bottles or Peruvian pan pipes."
Like many tracks from the album, "Circustance" spawned from an in-studio jam.
The last song of the album, "Download", stands in place of the original closing track, "Left Handshake". It is entirely derived from manipulated samples and features little to no rhythm.
Ogre compared "Download" to a flatline.
Key and Goettel went on to form the band
Download
In computer networks, download means to ''receive'' data from a remote system, typically a server such as a web server, an FTP server, an email server, or other similar system. This contrasts with uploading, where data is ''sent to'' a remote ...
, which expanded upon the song's early experimentation. About the track, Key said, "Dwayne and Anthony
alcicsat up for like fourteen hours just editing, and that’s not including the manufacturing of the sounds they did. They had collected that over a period of two months. So there’s a lot of work where people might think ‘oh, that’s just a synthesizer or a patch.’ But it's actually several hundred synthesizer patches."
Live performances
In May 1992, Skinny Puppy embarked on a North American tour with
Godflesh
Godflesh are an English industrial metal band from Birmingham. The group formed in 1982 under the title Fall of Because but did not release any complete music until 1988 when Justin Broadrick (guitar, vocals and programming) and G. C. Gre ...
and
Thought Industry
Thought Industry, formerly known as Desacrator, was an American progressive metal band. It was founded in Kalamazoo, Michigan in 1989 by vocalist/bassist Brent Oberlin, drummer Dustin Donaldson (who formed I Am Spoonbender in 1997), guitarist ...
as opening acts.
The stage show for ''Last Rights'' was less overtly violent and grotesque than on previous Skinny Puppy tours,
focusing instead on coming to terms with negative emotions.
During 1990's ''Too Dark Park'' tour, the band played clips from Japanese
snuff film
A snuff film, or snuff movie, or snuff video, is a type of film that shows, or purports to show, scenes of actual homicide. The concept of snuff films became known to the general public during the 1970s, when an urban legend alleged that a cland ...
s in the ''
Guinea Pig
The guinea pig or domestic guinea pig (''Cavia porcellus''), also known as the cavy or domestic cavy (), is a species of rodent belonging to the genus '' Cavia'' in the family Caviidae. Breeders tend to use the word ''cavy'' to describe the ...
'' series and were surprised by the audience reactions; apparently, many perceived the gruesome images as real.
Ogre, dismayed by fans who enjoyed the explicit gore for the wrong reasons, wanted to shift the band's live tone to something more conceptual and introspective.
He considered the ''Last Rights'' tour as a maturation, and thought of those 1992 performances as dark inward looks.
Tim Gore, the band's manager and assistant in designing the ''Too Dark Park'' shows, helped Ogre come up with the more nuanced set of theatrics,
resulting in Skinny Puppy's most ambitious and prop-heavy tour.
In preparation for the upcoming ''Last Rights'' shows, Ogre and
William Morrison recorded and edited sixty-six minutes of backing video to sync up with the live performances.
This footage was recorded at the same time as the "Killing Game" music video, which was intended to be a sample of the live show.
Meanwhile, Gore was designing and fabricating the tour's many props and Ogre's many costumes. The two main elements, a
virtual reality
Virtual reality (VR) is a simulated experience that employs pose tracking and 3D near-eye displays to give the user an immersive feel of a virtual world. Applications of virtual reality include entertainment (particularly video games), e ...
machine and a spinning display of severed heads called the Tree of No Cares, were set up on either side of the stage.
The VR apparatus, into which Ogre occasionally went throughout the performance, represented his addiction
and eventually came to mutate him.
The backing film was timed so that whenever Ogre entered the machine, his face would appear onscreen and the audience could watch as something attacked and tortured him.
Each time Ogre emerged from the apparatus, he would be altered. Gore also designed an elaborate full-body suit known as the Guiltman.
Only appearing for the performance of "Left Handshake" at the end of each show, the Guiltman combined imagery of drug abuse and deformed sexuality to represent Ogre at the lowest point of addiction.
On June 8, 1992 at a concert in
Boston
Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...
, a number of people in the crowd jumped on stage and stole some of Ogre's props.
Gore pursued a thief and was himself punched by a security guard. Gore, who had difficulty breathing after the impact, was taken to the hospital, and the guard was fired.
Release
In March 1992, ''Last Rights'' was released. Much like the album's production, its launch was fraught with issues. Initial pressings of the disc in Australia were flawed in that the track divisions were off by four seconds, meaning the first four seconds were missing from the album and the last four were silent. Other copies released in North America had the same issue, but heightened to thirty-nine seconds, resulting in wholly nonsensical track divisions.
Nettwerk
Nettwerk Music Group is the umbrella company for Nettwerk Records, Nettwerk Management, and Nettwerk One Publishing.
Established in 1984, the Vancouver-based company was created by Nettwerk principals Terry McBride and Mark Jowett as a record ...
and
Capitol Records quickly distributed a corrected run of copies with "Quality Controlled" stickers.
Some Canadian prints of ''Last Rights'' mistakenly featured the CD art from "
Tormentor" (1990), a single off of Skinny Puppy's previous album, ''Too Dark Park''.
Despite these troubles, ''Last Rights'' was the group's first album to chart on the
''Billboard'' 200, peaking at position 193 and becoming Skinny Puppy's most popular release at the time.
''Last Rights release was preceded by the "Inquisition" single, which came out on March 24, 1992 and included a
B-side, "Lahuman8", which was created at the request of the dance group
La La La Human Steps
La La La Human Steps was a Québécois contemporary dance group in Canada, active between 1980 and 2015, known for its energetic, acrobatic style involving fast-paced and athletic physical contact. Its signature move was the barrel jump – a gra ...
.
"Love in Vein" was planned as the album's second single and prepared for release, complete with remixes and B-sides, but was ultimately canceled.
Some of the material intended for the 12-inch was later released on Skinny Puppy's 1996 compilation ''
Brap: Back and Forth Series 3 & 4''.
Ultimately, ''Last Rights'' did not receive a second single until 2000, when "Left Handshake", the song cut from the album due to legal concerns, was issued in a limited capacity under the title "Track 10".
One thousand copies were pressed, and they were sold at Skinny Puppy's
reformation concert in Germany.
Critical reception
''Last Rights'' was met with positive reception. John Bush of
AllMusic
AllMusic (previously known as All Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on musicians and bands. Initiated in 1991, the databa ...
considered the album Skinny Puppy's technical and artistic peak, going so far as to call it a "sonic masterpiece" that was "ten years ahead of its time".
Writing for ''
Entertainment Weekly
''Entertainment Weekly'' (sometimes abbreviated as ''EW'') is an American digital-only entertainment magazine based in New York City, published by Dotdash Meredith, that covers film, television, music, Broadway theatre, books, and popular cu ...
'', Jim Farber praised the album's ugly intensity as well as its rare moments of melody.
Jonathan Gold of the ''
Los Angeles Times
The ''Los Angeles Times'' (abbreviated as ''LA Times'') is a daily newspaper that started publishing in Los Angeles in 1881. Based in the LA-adjacent suburb of El Segundo since 2018, it is the sixth-largest newspaper by circulation in the U ...
'' wrote that Skinny Puppy "plays dance music that nobody dances to and bellows gloomy manifestos that no one understands".
Gold went on to call ''Last Rights'' an "enormously ambitious work" that mostly pulls it off.
Sputnikmusic appreciated how challenging the album was and admired that the band, despite being on the brink of dissolution, managed to pull together such an impressive work.
Jon Selzer of ''
Melody Maker'' called ''Last Rights'' "morbidly fascinating, unaccountably beautiful, and their best album yet."
Writing for ''
The Morning Call
''The Morning Call'' is a daily newspaper in Allentown, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1883, it is the second longest continuously published newspaper in the Lehigh Valley, after '' The Express-Times''. In 2020, the newspaper permanently closed its ...
'', Diana Valois said that if ''Last Rights'' closed Skinny Puppy's career, it would be an admirable conclusion.
In 1998, ''
Alternative Press
Alternative press may refer to:
Individual publications
* ''Alternative Press'' (magazine), an American music magazine
Alternative journalism
* Alternative media
** Alternative media (U.S. political left)
** Alternative media (U.S. political ri ...
'' ranked ''Last Rights'' as the 58th best album of the 1990s.
However, not all critics were taken with the album's assault of sound. Dave Morrison of ''
Select'' called the album "a huge stir-fried noise that's genuinely astonishing at times, but generally unfocused, often collapsing under its own weight".
Track listing
Notes
*On many releases of ''Last Rights'', the tenth track is included and left blank to mark the absence of
the original song.
See for details.
*A 1994 CD catalog from the
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
listed working titles for the album's tracks, which are as follows: "Hinder", "Killing Game", "Cancelled", "Xception", "Catbowl", "Hurtful 2", "Rivers End", "Fester", Premonition", "Wrek", and "Epilogue 2".
Personnel
All credits adapted from liner notes.
Skinny Puppy
*
Nivek Ogre
Kevin Graham Ogilvie (born December 5, 1962), known professionally as Nivek Ogre, is a Canadian musician, performance artist and actor, best known for his work with the industrial music group Skinny Puppy, which he co-founded with cEvin Key. Sin ...
– vocals
*
cEvin Key
Kevin William Crompton (born February 13, 1961), known professionally as cEvin Key, is a Canadian musician, songwriter, producer, and composer. He is best known as a member of the industrial music group Skinny Puppy, which he co-founded in 1982 wi ...
– synthesizers, guitars, bass guitars, drums, production
*
Dwayne Goettel
Dwayne Rudolph Goettel (February 1, 1964August 23, 1995) was a Canadian electronic musician, best known for his work in the industrial music group Skinny Puppy. Starting his career playing for a variety of acts around Edmonton, he joined Skinny P ...
– synthesizers, sampling, mixing
Production personnel
*
Dave Ogilvie
Dave "Rave" Ogilvie is a Canadian record producer, mixer, songwriter and musician. The former member of bands Skinny Puppy and Jakalope started his recording career in Vancouver working as an engineer at Mushroom Studios. He has been described by ...
– mixing, production
*
Brian Gardner
Brian Knapp Gardner, also known as Brian "Big Bass" Gardner, is an American mastering engineer. He has worked on a number of recordings since the mid-1960s, including classic rock, funk, disco, alternative rock, R&B, hip hop, pop punk and dance- ...
– mastering
*Ken Marshall – engineering, mixing
*Anthony Valcic – editing
*Martijn de Kleer – synthesizers
(track 11)
Design personnel
*Jim Cummins – artwork
*John Rummen – layout, design
*Andy Graffiti – artwork
Chart positions
References
Bibliography
*
*
*
*
{{Authority control
1992 albums
Albums produced by Dave Ogilvie
Skinny Puppy albums
Nettwerk Records albums