Lantian County () is a county under the administration of
Xi'an, the capital of
Shaanxi province, China. It is the easternmost and second-most spacious (after
Zhouzhi County) of the 13
county-level divisions of Xi'an. The county borders the
prefecture-level cities of
Weinan to the northeast and
Shangluo to the southeast,
Lintong District to the north,
Chang'an District to the west, and
Baqiao District to the northwest.
Toponymy
Lantian County was first founded in 379 BCE, and was named after the nearby Lantian Mountain (), located to the southeast of the current county seat.
History
Lantian County was first established in 379 BCE, in present-day , west of its current seat.
The county was named for the nearby Lantian Mountain ().
Numerous ancient Chinese texts, such as the ''
Taiping Huanyu Ji'' and the ''
Rites of Zhou
The ''Rites of Zhou'' (), originally known as "Officers of Zhou" () is a work on bureaucracy and organizational theory. It was renamed by Liu Xin to differentiate it from a chapter in the ''Book of History'' by the same name. To replace a lost ...
'' state that the mountain was renown for its
jade
Jade is a mineral used as jewellery or for ornaments. It is typically green, although may be yellow or white. Jade can refer to either of two different silicate minerals: nephrite (a silicate of calcium and magnesium in the amphibole group of ...
.
From 446 CE to 487 CE, under the
Xianbei-led
Northern Wei
Wei (), known in historiography as the Northern Wei (), Tuoba Wei (), Yuan Wei () and Later Wei (), was founded by the Tuoba (Tabgach) clan of the Xianbei. The first of the Northern and Southern dynasties#Northern dynasties, Northern dynasties ...
, Lantian County was merged into Bacheng County ().
Upon its restoration, it was placed under the jurisdiction of
Jingzhao Commandery ().
From 557 CE to 573 CE, under the Xianbei-led
Northern Zhou, Lantian County was promoted and reorganized as .
During this period, Lantian County was abolished, and Lantian Commandery administered two counties formed in its place: Yushan County () and Bailu County ().
Upon the restoration of Lantian County in 573 CE, the county's seat of government was moved to the ancient city of Yaoliu (), located in present-day .
In 619 CE, during the
Tang dynasty, Bailu County was restored.
Yushan County was also re-established the same year, with its seat of government in present-day .
The following year Bailu County was renamed to Ningmin County ().
Both counties were abolished again in 629 CE, and merged back into Lantian County, which was now under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao Fu ().
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Lantian County was under the jurisdiction of ().
In 1913, following the establishment of the
Republic of China
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast ...
, the county was placed under the jurisdiction of .
Beginning in 1928, the county was under direct administration from the province of
Shaanxi.
Following the establishment of the
People's Republic of China in 1949, the county was placed under the administration of ().
The following year, Weinan District was re-organized as Weinan Prefecture ().
From 1956 to 1958, the county was directed administered by Shaanxi.
In 1958, it was placed under the jurisdiction of
Xi'an.
From 1961 to 1983, Lantian County was returned to Weinan Prefecture.
Weinan Prefecture.
In 1983, Lantian County was once again placed under Xi'an, which it remains today.
In 2011, the county's 12
townships were reorganized as
towns
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an ori ...
.
On February 13, 2015, three of the county's towns were merged into other towns, and the town of Languan was reorganized as the county's sole
subdistrict A subdistrict or sub-district is an administrative division that is generally smaller than a district.
Equivalents
* Administrative posts of East Timor, formerly Portuguese-language
* Kelurahan, in Indonesia
* Mukim, a township in Brunei, In ...
.
Administrative divisions
Lantian County is divided into 1
subdistrict A subdistrict or sub-district is an administrative division that is generally smaller than a district.
Equivalents
* Administrative posts of East Timor, formerly Portuguese-language
* Kelurahan, in Indonesia
* Mukim, a township in Brunei, In ...
() and 18
towns
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an ori ...
().
These
township-level divisions then in turn govern 9
residential communities () and 337
administrative villages ().
Subdistricts
The
county's sole subdistrict is ().
Towns
The county's 18 towns are as follows:
* (/)
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
* ()
Former administrative divisions
* (, merged into Wangchuan in 2015)
* (, merged into Sanguanmiao in 2015)
* (, merged into Tangyu in 2015)
* Languan (, upgraded to Languan Subdistrict in 2015)
Demographics
A 2012 estimate put the
county's permanent population at 518,800.
Per the
2010 Chinese Census
The 2010 Chinese census, officially the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (中華人民共和國第六次全國人口普查), was conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China wi ...
, Lantian County's population totaled 514,026,
down from the 560,283 recorded in the
2000 Chinese Census
The 2000 Chinese census, officially the Fifth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (), was conducted by the government of the People's Republic of China with 1 November 2000 as its zero hour. The total population was calcula ...
.
Lantian County comprised 6.07% of Xi'an's population in 2010, down from 7.70% in 2000.
A 1996 estimate put the county's population at about 605,000.
Climate
Transport
*
China National Highway 312
See also
*
Lantian Man
Lantian Man (), ''Homo erectus lantianensis'') is a subspecies of ''Homo erectus'' known from an almost complete mandible from Chenchiawo (陈家窝) Village discovered in 1963, and a partial skull from Gongwangling(公王岭) Village discovered ...
*
Shangchen, palaeolithic site in Lantian
*''
Wangchuan ji''
References
External links
County-level divisions of Shaanxi
Geography of Xi'an
{{Shaanxi-geo-stub