Lanistes Pilsbryi

''Lanistes'' is a genus of freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails.Bouchet, P.; Neubauer, Thomas A. (2015). Lanistes Montfort, 1810. In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=820447 on 2015-11-11

Distribution

The distribution of the genus ''Lanistes'' includes Africa and Madagascar.Brown D. S. (1994). ''Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance''. Taylor & Francis. .

Description

''Lanistes'' has a unique anatomy among the Ampullariidae: it has a "hyperstrophic" sinistral shell. This means that the body of the snail is dextral (as in all other ampullariids), but the shell appears to be sinistral. However the sinistral appearance stems from the fact that the rotation of the shell as it grows is in an upward direction rather than the usual downward direction."Shell"
The apple snail website, accessed 16 May 2011.

Species

Three subgenera have been recognized, based on shell differences: ''Lanistes'' sensu stricto, ''Meladomus'' and ''Leroya''. These subgenera are not used in recent works.

Extant species within the genus ''Lanistes'' include:
* ''Lanistes alexandri'' (Bourguignat, 1889)
* ''Lanistes ambiguus'' Martens, 1866
* ''Lanistes bernardianus'' (Morelet, 1860)
* ''Lanistes beseneckeri'' Schütt in Schütt & Besenecker, 1973 †
* ''Lanistes bicarinatus'' Germain, 1907
* ''Lanistes bloyeti'' (Bourguignat, 1889)
* ''Lanistes boltenianus'' (Röding, 1798) - synonym: ''Lanistes carinatus'' (Olivier, 1804)Bouchet, P. (2016). ''Lanistes boltenianus'' (Röding, 1798). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=843296 on 2017-06-06
* ''Lanistes chaperi'' (Kobelt, 1912)
* ''Lanistes ciliatus'' Martens, 1878"''Lanistes''"
The apple snail website, accessed 16 May 2011.
* ''Lanistes congicus'' O. Boettger, 1891
* ''Lanistes deguerryanus'' (Bourguignat, 1889)
* ''Lanistes ellipticus'' Martens, 1866
* '' Lanistes farleri'' Craven, 1880
* ''Lanistes fultoni'' (Kobelt, 1912)
* '' Lanistes grasseti'' (Morelet, 1863)
* ''Lanistes graueri'' Thiele, 1911
* ''Lanistes intortus'' Martens, 1877
* '' Lanistes jouberti'' (Bourguignat, 1888)
* '' Lanistes letourneuxi'' (Bourguignat, 1879)
* ''Lanistes libycus'' (Morelet, 1848)
** ''Lanistes libycus ''var.'' albersi''
** ''Lanistes libycus'' form ''bernardianus'' or as ''Lanistes bernardianus'' (Morelet, 1860)
* '' Lanistes magnus'' Furtado, 1886
* '' Lanistes nasutus'' Mandahl-Barth, 1972
* ''Lanistes neavei'' Melvill & Standen, 1907
* '' Lanistes neritoides'' Brown & Berthold, 1990
* '' Lanistes nitidissimus'' (Bourguignat, 1889)
* '' Lanistes nsendweensis'' (Dupuis & Putzeys, 1901)
* '' Lanistes nyassanus'' Dohrn, 1865
* ''Lanistes ovatus'' (Olivier, 1804)
* ''Lanistes ovum'' Peters in Troschel, 1845 - synonyms: ''Lanistes magnus'' Furtado; Lanistes olivaceus (Sowerby); ''Lanistes procerus''; ''Lanistes elatior'' Martens, 1866; ''Lanistes ovum bangweolicus'' Haas, 1936; ''Lanistes connollyi'' Pain, 1954 ''Lanistes ovum adansoni''; ''Lanistes olivaceus ''var.'' ambiguus''
* ''Lanistes palustris'' (Morelet, 1864)
* ''Lanistes pfeifferi'' (Bourguignat, 1879)
* '' Lanistes pilsbryi'' Walker, 1925
* ''Lanistes pseudoceratodes'' (Wenz, 1928)
* ''Lanistes purpureus'' (Jonas, 1839)
* ''Lanistes solidus'' Smith, 1877
* '' Lanistes stuhlmanni'' Martens, 1897
* '' Lanistes varicus'' (Müller, 1774) - synonyms: ''Lanistes adansoni'' Kobelt, 1911; ''Lanistes millestriatus'' Pilsbry & Bequaert, 1927

Fossil species within the genus ''Lanistes'' include:
* † '' Lanistes asellus'' van Damme & Pickford, 1995
* † ''Lanistes bishopi'' Gautier

* † ''Lanistes gautieri'' van Damme & Pickford, 1995
* † '' Lanistes gigas'' van Damme & Pickford, 1995
* † ''Lanistes hadotoi'' van Damme & Pickford, 1995van Damme D. & Pickford M. (1995). "The late Cenozoic ampullariidae (mollusca, gastropoda) of the Albertine Rift Valley (Uganda-Zaire)". ''Hydrobiologia'' 316(1): 1-32. .
* † '' Lanistes heynderycxi'' van Damme & Pickford, 1995

* † '' Lanistes nkondoensis'' van Damme & Pickford, 1995
* † '' Lanistes olukaensis''

* † ''Lanistes senuti'' van Damme & Pickford, 1995
* † ''Lanistes trochiformis'' van Damme & Pickford, 1995

References

External links

Animation showing how the "hyperstrophic" sinistral shell evolved from a shell with normal orientation
* Schultheiß R., Van Bocxlaer B., Wilke T. & Albrecht C. (2009). "Old fossils–young species: evolutionary history of an endemic gastropod assemblage in Lake Malawi". '' Proceedings of the Royal Society B'' 276(1668): 2837-2846. .

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5220039

Ampullariidae
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot