The L. D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics (russian: link=no, Институт теоретической физики имени Л. Д. Ландау (ИТФ)) of the
Russian Academy of Sciences
The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across t ...
is a research institution, located in the small town of
Chernogolovka
Chernogolovka (russian: Черноголо́вка) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Center of the town is located some 43 km (27 miles) northeast of the Moscow city limit and 59 km (37 miles) from Red Square. Its population in 2018 ...
near
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
(there is also a subdivision in Moscow, on the territory of the
P. L. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems).
History
The Landau Institute was formed in 1964 to keep the ''Landau school'' alive after the tragic car accident of
Lev D. Landau. Since its foundation, the institute grew rapidly to about one hundred scientists, becoming one of the worldwide best-known and leading institutes for
theoretical physics
Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain and predict natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental physics, which uses experim ...
.
Unlike many other scientific centers in Russia, the Landau Institute had the strength to cope with the crisis of the nineties in the last century. Although about one half of the scientists accepted positions at leading scientific centers and universities abroad, most of them kept ties with their ''home institute'', forming a scientific network in the tradition of the Landau school and supporting young theoretical physicists in the Landau Institute.
Prominent members
Up to 1992, the institute was headed by
Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov
Isaak Markovych Khalatnykov ( uk, Ісаа́к Ма́ркович Хала́тников; 17 October 1919 – 9 January 2021) was a leading Soviet theoretical physicist who has made significant contributions to many areas of theoretical physics, ...
, who was then replaced by
Vladimir E. Zakharov. Its numerous prominent scientists,
mathematician
A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems.
Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, structure, space, models, and change.
History
On ...
s as well as
physicists
A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe.
Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate caus ...
, include the
Nobel laureate Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (russian: Алексе́й Алексе́евич Абрико́сов; June 25, 1928 – March 29, 2017) was a Soviet, Russian and AmericanAlexei A. AbrikosovAutobiography Nobelprize.org, the official website of the ...
as well as
Igor Dzyaloshinsky,
Lev Gor'kov Lev Petrovich Gor'kov (russian: Лев Петро́вич Горько́в; 14 June 1929 – 28 December 2016) was a Russian-American research physicist internationally known for his pioneering work in the field of superconductivity. He was particul ...
,
Vladimir Gribov
Vladimir Naumovich Gribov (Russian Влади́мир Нау́мович Гри́бов; March 25, 1930, LeningradAugust 13, 1997, Budapest) was a prominent Russian theoretical physicist, who worked on high-energy physics, quantum field theory an ...
,
Arkady Migdal
Arkady Beynusovich (Benediktovich) Migdal (russian: Арка́дий Бе́йнусович (Бенеди́ктович) Мигда́л; Lida, Russian Empire, 11 March 1911 – Princeton, United States, 9 February 1991) was a Soviet physicist and m ...
,
Anatoly Larkin
Anatoly Ivanovich Larkin (russian: Анатолий Иванович Ларкин; October 14, 1932 – August 4, 2005) was a Russian theoretical physicist, universally recognised as a leader in theory of condensed matter, and who was also a cele ...
,
Sergei Novikov,
Alexander Polyakov,
Mark Azbel,
Valery Pokrovsky
Valery Leonidovich Pokrovsky (russian: Валерий Леонидович Покровский; born 1 January 1931) is a USSR, Soviet and Russian physicist. He is a member of the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Landau Institute in Ch ...
,
Emmanuel Rashba
Emmanuel I. Rashba (born October 30, 1927, Kyiv) is a Soviet-American theoretical physicist of Jewish origin who worked in Ukraine, Russia and in the United States. Rashba is known for his contributions to different areas of condensed matter physic ...
, Sergey Iordanskii, Ioshua Levinson,
Alexei Starobinsky,
Alexei Kitaev
Alexei Yurievich Kitaev (russian: Алексей Юрьевич Китаев; born August 26, 1963) is a Russian–American professor of physics at the California Institute of Technology and permanent member of the Kavli Institute for Theoretical ...
,
Vadim Berezinskii
Vadim L'vovich Berezinskii (July 15, 1935 in Kyiv – June 23, 1980 in Moscow) was a Soviet physicist. He was born in Kyiv, graduated from Moscow State University in 1959, and worked in Moscow and the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics. He i ...
(whose early death prevented him from sharing the Nobel Prize for the
Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition
The Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) transition is a phase transition of the two-dimensional (2-D) XY model in statistical physics. It is a transition from bound vortex-antivortex pairs at low temperatures to unpaired vortices and anti-v ...
theory), Sergey Brazovsky, Konstantin Efetov, David Khmel'nitsky,
Vladimir Mineev,
Grigory Volovik,
Paul Wiegmann
Paul B. Wiegmann (Павел Борисович Вигман) is a Russian physicist. He is the Robert W. Reneker Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of Physics at the University of Chicago, James Franck Institute and Enrico Fermi In ...
, Leonid Levitov,
Alexander Zamolodchikov
Alexander Borisovich Zamolodchikov (russian: Алекса́ндр Бори́сович Замоло́дчиков; born September 18, 1952) is a Russian physicist, known for his contributions to condensed matter physics, two-dimensional conform ...
,
Vadim Knizhnik
Vadim Genrikhovich Knizhnik ( Russian: Вади́м Ге́нрихович Кни́жник; 20 February 1962, Kiev – 25 December 1987, Moscow) was a Soviet physicist of Jewish and Russian descent.
Biography
Knizhnik studied physics from 1978 t ...
,
Konstantin Khanin
Konstantin "Kostya" Mikhailovich Khanin (russian: link=no, Константин Михайлович Ханин) is a Russian mathematician and physicist. He served as Chair (academic) of the Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences a ...
, and
Yakov G. Sinai.
Fields of Research
The main fields of research are:
*
Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics refers to the development of mathematics, mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The ''Journal of Mathematical Physics'' defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and t ...
*
Computational physics
Computational physics is the study and implementation of numerical analysis to solve problems in physics for which a quantitative theory already exists. Historically, computational physics was the first application of modern computers in science, ...
*
Nonlinear dynamics
In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system is a system in which the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. Nonlinear problems are of interest to engineers, biologists, physicists, mathematicians, and many other ...
*
Condensed matter theory
Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases which arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms. More generally, the su ...
*
Nuclear
Nuclear may refer to:
Physics
Relating to the nucleus of the atom:
* Nuclear engineering
*Nuclear physics
*Nuclear power
*Nuclear reactor
*Nuclear weapon
*Nuclear medicine
*Radiation therapy
*Nuclear warfare
Mathematics
*Nuclear space
*Nuclear ...
and
elementary particle physics
Particle physics or high energy physics is the study of fundamental particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation. The fundamental particles in the universe are classified in the Standard Model as fermions (matter particles) and b ...
*
Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines classical field theory, special relativity, and quantum mechanics. QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and ...
References
External links
Institute's web site (English version)Talk by Vinay Ambegaokar on the history of the Landau school
Further reading
*
Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov
Isaak Markovych Khalatnykov ( uk, Ісаа́к Ма́ркович Хала́тников; 17 October 1919 – 9 January 2021) was a leading Soviet theoretical physicist who has made significant contributions to many areas of theoretical physics, ...
and Vladimir P. Mineev (eds.), 30 years of the Landau Institute- selected papers (World Scientific, 1996)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Landau Institute For Theoretical Physics
1965 establishments in the Soviet Union
Institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Research institutes in the Soviet Union
Physics institutes
Nuclear research institutes in Russia
Theoretical physics institutes