The Ailik or Aylik Lake (; also transcribed as the
argeAlike Lake
[) is a lake in ]Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region
Xinjiang, SASM/GNC romanization, SASM/GNC: ''Xinjang''; zh, c=, p=Xīnjiāng; Chinese postal romanization, formerly romanized as Sinkiang (, ), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autono ...
, China. It is located in the northwestern part of the Dzungarian Basin, on the edge of the Gurbantünggüt Desert. Administratively, the lake is situated within the Urho District of Karamay City, some 20 km south-east of the district's main urban area.
The Ailik Lake is fed by the Baiyang River The Baiyang River (), also known under a Mongolian name transcribed in Chinese as Namuguolei (), is a river in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of China. It flows through the region's Tacheng Prefecture and the Urho District of Karamay City. The ri ...
, flowing from the Saur Mountains
The Saur Mountains (; kk, Сауыр жоталары, ''Sauyr jotalary''; russian: Саур) is one of the mountain ranges in the Tian Shan system. An eastern extension of the Tarbagatai Mountains, it starts on the China-Kazakhstan border and con ...
on the Dzungarian Basin's northern rim; the river
forms a small delta
Delta commonly refers to:
* Delta (letter) (Δ or δ), a letter of the Greek alphabet
* River delta, at a river mouth
* D (NATO phonetic alphabet: "Delta")
* Delta Air Lines, US
* Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19
Delta may also re ...
as it enters the lake ().[
Due to the construction of the Baiyang River Reservoir and the Huangyangquan Reservoir, and the concomitant diversion of the Baiyang River waters for irrigation, aquaculture, and other economic needs, the Ailik Lake started shrinking in the 1980s; by the mid 1980s, it was just 15 km2 in size and hardly 1 meter deep; by the 1990s, it had virtually dried up.][ flow from the canal into the Baiyang River, (); this improves the water supply situation in Urho District, and allows the river to reach the Ailik Lake again.][ According to a report published in 2003, since the opening of the canal on August 1, 2000, the Ailik lake, which had been almost dry, has been able to recover as a deep lake with plenty of fish; now it occupies 50 km2 and is up to 7 m deep.][
An important geological feature is the Ailik Lake area is the Kewu Fault, which runs in the northeast to southwest direction, from the Ailik Lake to the Lesser Ailik Lake (小艾里克湖, a.k.a. the Small Alike Lake, ) and
the dry Alan Nur lake
(, or ;][ (English abstract on p. 160)] ), which until 1915 was the end point of the Manas River.[
Although there is no surface water flow out of the Ailik Lake, some water from this lake is believed to seasonally seep through ground fractures of the Kewu Fault into the Lesser Ailik Lake. Potentially, water can seep through the same fault even farther to the southwest, to the dry Alan Nur lake.][
]
Notes
Lakes of Xinjiang
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