The

London and North Eastern Railway The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) was the second largest (after LMS) of the " Big Four" railway companies created by the Railways Act 1921 in Britain. It operated from 1 January 1923 until nationalisation on 1 January 1948. At th ...

(LNER) J94 Class is a class of

steam locomotive A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. It is fuelled by burning combustible material (usually coal, oil or, rarely, wood) to heat water in the locomot ...

that was formed when 75 former "Austerity" 0-6-0STs were purchased by the LNER in 1946 from the

War Department War Department may refer to: * War Department (United Kingdom) * United States Department of War (1789–1947) See also * War Office, a former department of the British Government * Ministry of defence * Ministry of War * Ministry of Defence * Dep ...

. __TOC__

Overview

The LNER had had trials with one in November 1945 and bought 75 of them in 1946, numbering them 8006-80. All entered

British Railways British Railways (BR), which from 1965 traded as British Rail, was a state-owned company that operated most of the overground rail transport in Great Britain from 1948 to 1997. It was formed from the nationalisation of the Big Four British rai ...

(BR) service in 1948. BR added 60000 to their numbers so they became 68006-80, and classified them 4F. They were used for shunting in docks, and other similar work where their short wheelbase meant they could negotiate sharp curves. They were used on the

Cromford and High Peak Railway The Cromford and High Peak Railway (C&HPR) was a standard-gauge line between the Cromford Canal wharf at High Peak Junction and the Peak Forest Canal at Whaley Bridge. The railway, which was completed in 1831, was built to carry minerals and goo ...

Derbyshire Derbyshire ( ) is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands, England. It includes much of the Peak District National Park, the southern end of the Pennine range of hills and part of the National Forest. It borders Greater Manchester to the nor ...

, where they displaced the ex-

North London Railway The North London Railway (NLR) company had lines connecting the northern suburbs of London with the East and West India Docks further east. The main east to west route is now part of London Overground's North London Line. Other NLR lines fell ...

Class 75 class 2F s. They were withdrawn between 1960 and 1967. A few were sold into industrial use with the

National Coal Board The National Coal Board (NCB) was the statutory corporation created to run the nationalised coal mining industry in the United Kingdom. Set up under the Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946, it took over the United Kingdom's collieries on "v ...

(who had several other Austerities) and others.

Stock list

Preservation

Two, BR Nos 68077 and 68078 and have been preserved. In addition a large number of Austerities that were used in industry and have survived to preservation. Several of these have been disguised as BR locomotives.

LNER/BR J94s

Locomotives disguised as J94s

Models

The erstwhile Rosebud

Kitmaster Rosebud Kitmaster is the brand name of a short-lived but critically acclaimed range of plastic assembly kits, manufactured in the United Kingdom by Rosebud Dolls Ltd of Raunds, Northamptonshire. Introduced from May 1959, the range rapidly expanded ...

company produced an unpowered polystyrene injection moulded model kit for

00 gauge OO gauge or OO scale (also, 00 gauge and 00 scale) is the most popular standard-gauge model railway standard in the United Kingdom, outside of which it is virtually unknown. OO gauge is one of several 4 mm-scale standards (4 mm to 1 foot, ...

, which went on sale in Spring 1961. In early 1963, the Kitmaster brand was sold by its parent company (Rosebud Dolls) to

Airfix Airfix is a British brand and former manufacturing company which produced injection-moulded plastic scale model kits. In the U.K., the name 'Airfix' is synonymous with plastic models of this type, often simply referred to as "an airfix kit" even ...

, who transferred the moulding tools to their own factory; they re-introduced some of the former Kitmaster range, including this locomotive. The tool (for this model) was destroyed in a fire at the premises of Dapol Model Railways Ltd in

Winsford Winsford is a town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, on the River Weaver south of Northwich and west of Middlewich. It grew around the salt mining industry ...

Cheshire Cheshire ( ) is a ceremonial and historic county in North West England, bordered by Wales to the west, Merseyside and Greater Manchester to the north, Derbyshire to the east, and Staffordshire and Shropshire to the south. Cheshire's county t ...

so that

Dapol Dapol Ltd is a model railway manufacturer based in Chirk, Wales. The factory where some of the design and manufacturing take place is just over the border in England. The company is known for its model railway products in N gauge, OO gauge and ...

were unable to produce further kits after their first two production runs totalling 4000 kits after acquisition of the former Airfix moulds.

References

* * (Introduction by Don Townsley) *

External links

The Riddles J94 (WD Austerity) 0-6-0ST Locomotives
''LNER Encyclopedia''
Class J94 Details
at ''Rail UK'' {{LNER Locomotives J94 0-6-0ST locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1946 Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain Shunting locomotives