''Lactobacillus gallinarum'' is a species in the genus ''
Lactobacillus
''Lactobacillus'' is a genus of Gram-positive, aerotolerant anaerobes or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria. Until 2020, the genus ''Lactobacillus'' comprised over 260 phylogenetically, ecologically, and metabolically div ...
''.
Its type strain is ATCC 33199.
''L. gallinarum'' is a native probiotic to chickens. ''L. gallinarum'' adheres to the epithelial cells of the crop,
ileum
The ileum () is the final section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms posterior intestine or distal intestine m ...
, and
ceca of
broiler
A broiler is any chicken (''Gallus gallus domesticus'') that is bred and raised specifically for meat production. Most commercial broilers reach slaughter weight between four and six weeks of age, although slower growing breeds reach slaught ...
s.
''L. gallinarum'' is most persistent in the ileum and ceca due to its sensitivity to bile.
Along with ''L. gallinarum,
L. acidophilus, L.'' ''salivarius, L. fermentum, and L. reuteri,'' are found in high abundance in the ileum and crop of chickens.
''Lactobacillus gallinarum'' is a novel species of Lactobacillus, originally isolated from the crop of chickens.
Though closely related to other Lactobacillus species, ''L. gallinarum'' has evolved specifically to adhere to poultry epithelial lining, and is able to adhere to the chicken hepatoma cell line (LMH).
''Lactobacillus'' acts as a competitive inhibitor, preventing pathogens from colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. ''L. gallinarum'', along with other ''Lactobacillus'' species, was found to reduce ''Salmonella'' in the ceca of broilers.
Salmonella free broilers were fed a Lactobacillus multi-species probiotic containing ''L. gallinarum''. Twenty days after infection with ''Salmonella'' Enteritidis, there was significant reduction of the ''Salmonella'' in the ceca of probiotic fed chickens.
References
Further reading
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External links
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LPSNType strain of ''Lactobacillus gallinarum'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
Lactobacillaceae
Bacteria described in 1992
{{lactobacilli-stub