Kyzyl-Kala Fortress, 1st Century CE

Kyzyl-Kala, also Qyzyl Qala ("Red fortress"), in modern Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, was an ancient fortress in Chorasmia built in the 1st-4th century CE. The small fortress of Kyzyl-Kala is located near Toprak-Kala, about 1 km to the west, and was also built in the 1st-4th century CE, possibly as a fortified defense for the site of Toprak-Kala. Kyzyl-Kala was once restored in the 12th century CE. It has also been the subject of a modern renovation program, with the objective of showing what a fortress looked like originally. It is part of the "Fifty fortresses oasis" in modern-day Uzbekistan. It was last occupied by Muhammad II of Khwarazm (1169, 1200-20), before it fell to the Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire.

Kyzyl-Kala under restoration (cropped).jpg, Kyzyl-Kala under restoration (2018)
File:Karakalpakstan Kyzyl Qala (Red Fortress) Fortified Residence 1st-2nd cent CE - 4th cent CE & restored 12th cent CE (4).jpg, Old and new walls
File:Karakalpakstan Kyzyl Qala (Red Fortress) Fortified Residence 1st-2nd cent CE - 4th cent CE & restored 12th cent CE (5).jpg, Kyzyk-Kala, details of new walls
File:Chorasmian oasis main fortresses.jpg, Location of the Kyzyl-Kala fortress, next to Toprak-Kala in the Chorasmian oasis, in relation to other main fortresses
File:Karakalpakstan Kyzyl Qala Cotton Picking.jpg, Cotton picking near Kyzyl-Kala.

References

{{Tourist attractions in Uzbekistan
Central Asia
Archaeology of Uzbekistan
Archaeological sites in Uzbekistan
Former populated places in Uzbekistan
Kushan Empire