Kurnool district is one of the eight districts in the
Rayalaseema
Rayalaseema () is a geographic region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It comprises eight south western districts of the State namely, Kurnool, Nandyal, Anantapur, Sri Sathya Sai, YSR, Annamayya, Tirupati and Chittoor districts ...
region of the
Indian state
India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, with a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into districts and smaller administrative divisions.
History
Pre-indepen ...
of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in the North western part of the state and is bounded by
Jogulamba Gadwal district of
Telangana
Telangana (; , ) is a state in India situated on the south-central stretch of the Indian peninsula on the high Deccan Plateau. It is the eleventh-largest state and the twelfth-most populated state in India with a geographical area of and 35 ...
in the north,
Raichur district of
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO 15919, ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reor ...
in the northwest,
Bellary district of
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO 15919, ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reor ...
in the west,
Anantapur district
Anantapur district officially: Anantapuramu district is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters is located at Anantapur city. It is one of the driest places in So ...
in the south and
Nandyal district
Nandyal district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.Nandyal as its administrative headquarters, it was formed on 4 April 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty-six districts and one of the district in Rayalaseema region. ...
in the east. The city of
Kurnool
Kurnool is a city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It formerly served as the capital of Andhra State (1953–1956). The city is often referred to as "The Gateway of Rayalaseema".Kurnool is also known as The City of Gem Stones. It also s ...
is the headquarters of the district. It has a population of 4,053,463 of which 28.35% were urban as of 2011.
History
The Ketavaram rock paintings are dated back to the Paleolithic era (located at a distance of from Kurnool). Jurreru Valley, Katavani Kunta and
Yaganti in the district have some important rock arts and paintings in their vicinity, which are dated back to 35,000 to 40,000 years ago.
Belum Caves
The Belum Caves, located in Nandyala district of Andhra Pradesh's Rayalaseema region, is the second largest cave system on the Indian subcontinent, known for its speleothems, such as stalactite and stalagmite formations. The Belum Caves h ...
are geologically and historically important caves in the district. There are indications that Jain and Buddhist monks were occupying these caves centuries ago. Many Buddhists relics were found inside the caves. These relics are now housed in Museum at
Anantapur
Anantapur, officially Anantapuramu, is a city in Anantapur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the mandal headquarters of Anantapuru mandal and also the divisional headquarters of Anantapur revenue division. The city is loca ...
. Archaeological survey of India (ASI) found remnants of vessels and other artifacts of pre-Buddhist era and has dated the remnants of vessels found in the caves to 4500 BC.
Show Caves of India: Belum Caves
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy (Anantapur District), the sixth
President of India
The president of India ( IAST: ) is the head of state of the Republic of India. The president is the nominal head of the executive, the first citizen of the country, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces. Droupadi Murm ...
has served as Member of Parliament from
Nandyal constituency. He previously served as the
Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, serving as an MLA from the Dhone assembly constituency. In 1970, part of Kurnool district was split off to become part of
Prakasam district.
Kurnool District is a part of the
Red Corridor.
Geography
Kurnool district occupies an area of approximately .
Kurnool is surrounded by districts of
Mahbubnagar district of
Telangana
Telangana (; , ) is a state in India situated on the south-central stretch of the Indian peninsula on the high Deccan Plateau. It is the eleventh-largest state and the twelfth-most populated state in India with a geographical area of and 35 ...
to the north,
Anantapur district
Anantapur district officially: Anantapuramu district is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters is located at Anantapur city. It is one of the driest places in So ...
, to south,
Nandyal district
Nandyal district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.Nandyal as its administrative headquarters, it was formed on 4 April 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty-six districts and one of the district in Rayalaseema region. ...
to east and
Bellary of
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO 15919, ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reor ...
to the west. The district includes the
Srisailam Dam and a part of the
Nallamala Hills, the rest of it lying in
Prakasam district,
Nandyal district
Nandyal district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.Nandyal as its administrative headquarters, it was formed on 4 April 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty-six districts and one of the district in Rayalaseema region. ...
,
Kadapa district
Kadapa district (officially: YSR district; formerly: Cuddapah district) is one of the twenty six districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. On 19 August 2005 nomenclature of “Cuddapah” has been changed as “Kadapa” by the Govern ...
, and
Nellore district.
Demographics
According to the
2011 census Kurnool district has a
population
Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction usi ...
of 4,053,463,
roughly equal to the nation of
Liberia
Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to Liberia–Sierra Leone border, its northwest, Guinea to Guinea–Liberia border, its north, Ivory Coast to Ivory Coast� ...
or the US state of
Oregon
Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...
. This gives it a ranking of 54th in India (out of a total of
640). The district has a population density of . Its
population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 14.65%. Kurnool has a
sex ratio
The sex ratio (or gender ratio) is usually defined as the ratio of males to females in a population. As explained by Fisher's principle, for evolutionary reasons this is typically about 1:1 in species which reproduce sexually. Many species dev ...
of 984
females for every 1000 males, and a
literacy rate
Literacy in its broadest sense describes "particular ways of thinking about and doing reading and writing" with the purpose of understanding or expressing thoughts or ideas in written form in some specific context of use. In other words, huma ...
of 59.97%.
After bifurcation the district had a population of 22,71,686, of which 764,101 (33.64%) lived in urban areas. Kurnool district has a sex ratio of 990 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 4,15,120 (18.27%) and 30,047 (1.32%) of the population respectively.
At the time of the 2011 census, 79.39% of the population spoke
Telugu
Telugu may refer to:
* Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India
*Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India
* Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language
** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode
...
, 13.62%
and 4.77%
Kannada
Kannada (; ಕನ್ನಡ, ), originally romanised Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states. It has around 47 million native s ...
as their first language.
Household indicators
In 2007–2008 the
International Institute for Population Sciences interviewed 1247 households in 38 villages across the district.
They found that 94% had access to
electricity
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as describe ...
, 89.7% had drinking water, 34.6% toilet facilities, and 51.6% lived in a
pucca
''Pucca'' (; ko, 뿌까 ) is a South Korean media franchise from the South Korean company VOOZ Character System. The main and titular character, Pucca, is the niece of three Korean men who run a Chinese-style restaurant. The restaurant, known as ...
(permanent) home.
30.6% of girls
wed before the
legal age of 18
and 85.1% of interviewees carried a
BPL card.
Governance
Legislative Assembly constituencies
Courts
Road Transportation Office
Administrative divisions
Kurnool district has three
Revenue divisions viz.
Kurnool
Kurnool is a city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It formerly served as the capital of Andhra State (1953–1956). The city is often referred to as "The Gateway of Rayalaseema".Kurnool is also known as The City of Gem Stones. It also s ...
,
Adoni
Adoni is a city in the Kurnool district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the headquarters of Adoni mandal, administered under the Adoni Revenue Division. In the 2011 census of India, Adoni had a population of 166, ...
and
Pattikonda. The district has 26
mandal
A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk) is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of South Asia. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administr ...
s and 53
Panchayat Samitis (Blocks) under these revenue divisions. There are 899 gram panchayats that include 7 notified and 862 non-notified, alongside 920 revenue villages and 615 hamlets.
Sri P Koteswara Rao, I.A.S., is the current Collector & District Magistrate
Mandals
The
mandal
A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk) is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of South Asia. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administr ...
s are listed with respect to their revenue divisions in the following table
Kurnool district chronicle
* During Independence, Kurnool District was without Adoni, Yemmiganur, Alur Talukas. But It had Markapuram, Giddalur, Yerragondapalem Talukas.
* Later in 1953 Andhra State was formed and Talukas of Adoni, Alur, Yemmiganur were merged with Kurnool District form Bellary District. Remaining Rayalaseema district of Bellary was merged with Karnataka.
* In 1970, new Prakasam District was formed carving out, Markapuram, Giddalur, Yerragondapalem talukas from Kurnool District. Then Kurnool district was remained with 13 Talukas.
Before Formation of Mandal System in 1985, Administration was done through Taluka system. 13 Talukas were present in Kurnool district in 1985 viz.,
These 13 were the erstwhile Talukas in Kurnool district in 1985 before the formation of mandal systems.
Cities and towns
It also has a
Municipal Corporation
A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. The term can also be used to describe municipally ...
of
Kurnool
Kurnool is a city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It formerly served as the capital of Andhra State (1953–1956). The city is often referred to as "The Gateway of Rayalaseema".Kurnool is also known as The City of Gem Stones. It also s ...
and 3
municipalities
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the ...
namely,
Adoni
Adoni is a city in the Kurnool district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the headquarters of Adoni mandal, administered under the Adoni Revenue Division. In the 2011 census of India, Adoni had a population of 166, ...
,
Yemmiganur
Yemmiganur is a town in Kurnool district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Yemmiganur mandal of Adoni revenue division.
It is famous for Vaggani bhajji..
History
Yemmiganur is one of the major towns in the Kurnool d ...
,
Gudur
Gudur is a town in Tirupati district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the headquarters of Gudur mandal and Gudur revenue division.
Demographics
census of India, the town had a population of . The total popul ...
.
Kurnool District has 10 Urban Local Bodies, which are divided into 1 Municipal Corporation, 7 Municipalities, 2 Nagar Panchayats.
Economy
The Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) of the district is and it contributes 6.5% to the
Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP). For the FY 2013–14, the
per capita income
Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population.
Per capita i ...
at current prices was . The
primary
Primary or primaries may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels
* Primary (band), from Australia
* Primary (musician), hip hop musician and record producer from South Korea
* Primary Music, Israeli record label
Works
...
,
secondary and
tertiary sectors of the district contribute , and respectively.
Transport
Roads
The total road length of
state highway
A state highway, state road, or state route (and the equivalent provincial highway, provincial road, or provincial route) is usually a road that is either ''numbered'' or ''maintained'' by a sub-national state or province. A road numbered by a ...
s in the district is .
NH - 44 = Srinagar to Kanyakumari.
orth-South Economic Corridor''
* Total length of highway is 3,806 km.
* 250 km of this highway passes through Andhra Pradesh.
* 93 km of this Highway Passes through Kurnool District
NH - 40 = Kurnool to Ranipet.
ayalaseema Expressway''
* Total length of highway is 408 km.
* 390 km of this highway is passing in the Andhra Pradesh.
* 142 km of this highway passes through Kurnool District.
NH - 167 = Ballari to Kodad
* Total length of Highway is 483 km
* 94 km of this Highway Passes through Andhra Pradesh
* 94 km of this Highway Passes through Kurnool Dist.
NH - 544D = Anantapuramu to Guntur
* Total length of Highway is 417 km
* 417 km of this Highway Passes through Andhra Pradesh
* 118 km of this Highway Passes through Kurnool Dist.
* An alternative route to this highway is under paperwork, called Anantapuram - Amaravathi Expressway which is called as NH-544F
NH - 67 =
Ramnagar to Krishnapatnam Port
* Total length of Highway is 770 km
* 380 km of this Highway Passes through Andhra Pradesh
* 28 km of this Highway Passes through Kurnool Dist.
NH - 340C = Kurnool to Dornala
* Total length of Highway is 132 km
* 132 km of this Highway Passes through Andhra Pradesh
* 100 km of this Highway Passes through Kurnool Dist.
NH - 340B = Dhone to Somayajulapalli
* Total length of Highway is 53 km
* 53 km of this Highway Passes through Andhra Pradesh
* 53 km of this Highway Passes through Kurnool Dist.
NH - 167K = Nandyal to Kalwakurthy
* Total length of Highway is 175 km
* 86 km of this Highway Passes through Andhra Pradesh
* 86 km of this Highway Passes through Kurnool Dist.
And also Some State Highways also present in Kurnool District.
Railways
Kurnool District is served by Good Railway Connectivity.
# Hyderabad Division of South Central Railway,
# Guntakal Division of South Coastal Railway,
# Guntur Division of South Coastal Railway serves in Kurnool District.
Major lines passing through the district.
* Vijayawada - Hubli Railway Line
* Secunderabad - Bengaluru Railway Line
* Chennai - Mumbai Railway line Passes through the District.
Major Stations
* Dhone JN Railway station
untakal Division* Kurnool City Railway Station
yderabad Division* Adoni Railway Station
untakal Division* Nandyal JN Railway Station
untur Division
Airways
Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy Airport
urnool Airport was opened on March 28, 2021. Commercial Flights Started to Bengaluru, Visakhapatnam, Chennai Cities.
Nearest International Airports from Kurnool
# Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad. = 195 km.
# Kempegowda International Airport, Bengaluru. = 335 km.
# Chennai International Airport, Chennai = 450 km.
# Tirupati International Airport, Tirupati = 330 km.
Education
The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the ''School Education Department'' of the state. As per the school information report for the academic year 2015–16, there are a total of 4,179 schools. They include, 78 government, 2,398 mandal and zilla parishads, 1 residential, 1,355 private, 33 model, 53 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV), 140 municipal and 121 other types of schools. The total number of students enrolled in primary, upper primary and high schools of the district are 631,740.
Tourism
Kurnool District has many pilgrimage centers
# Srisailam
# Mantralayam
# Orvakal Rock Gardens
# City Forest
Gargeyapuram # Yaganti
# Banaganapalli Nawab Bungalow
# Belum Caves
# Kolanu Bharathi Temple
# Adoni Lakshmamma avva Temple
# Urukunda Eranna Swamy Temple
# Maddileti Swamy Temple
# Velugodu Reservoir
# Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary
# Nandavaram Temple
# Sanjeevaiah Sagar(Gajuladinne Project)
Sources
Population of towns in 1941 were taken from 1991 census book from page no.132,133 and 2011 Census hand book page no.919.
Population of every town is mentioned with proof from census books given below.
1951 census kurnool district - http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6419/1/50120_1951_KUR.pdf
1961 census kurnool district - http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2721/1/21648_1961_KUR.pdf
1971 Census kurnool district - http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2841/1/39378_1971_KUR.pdf
1981 census kurnool district - http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2915/1/27365_1981_KUR.pdf
1991 census kurnool district - http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2935/1/39295_1991_KUR.pdf
2001 census kurnool district - http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2992/1/37985_2001_KUR.pdf
2011 census kurnool district - https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2821_PART_A_DCHB_KURNOOL.pdf
Notable people
*
Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy
Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy (16 August 1920 – 27 September 2001) served as the chief minister of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh in 1983 and then from 1992 to 1994. Reddy was a member of the Indian National Congress and was elected to ...
, former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh and Central Minister
*
Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy
Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy was an Indian freedom fighter leader. The son of a former Telugu Palegaadu Mallareddy and Seethamma, Narasimha Reddy was born in Rupanagudi village, on 24 November 1806. He belonged to the Motati Clan of Reddy's. He ...
, freedom fighter
*
P. S. Ramakrishna Rao
P. S. Ramakrishna Rao (12 October 1918 – 7 September 1986) was a veteran Telugu film director and producer. He married Bhanumathi, a multi-talented film artist from South India, on 8 August 1943.
Filmography
*'' Gruhalakshmi'' (1967) (Prod ...
, director, writer
*
Damodaram Sanjivayya, former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh and Central Minister
References
External links
*
{{Authority control
Districts of Andhra Pradesh
Rayalaseema