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Pokrovsk ( uk, Покровськ, ; russian: Покровск; until 2016: Krasnoarmiisk uk, Красноармі́йськ, russian: Красноармейск; until 1938: Grishino russian: Гришино; uk, Гришине,
translit. Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one script to another that involves swapping letters (thus '' trans-'' + '' liter-'') in predictable ways, such as Greek → , Cyrillic → , Greek → the digraph , Armenian → or ...
''Hryshyne'') is a city and the administrative center of the
Pokrovsk Raion Pokrovsk Raion ( uk, Покровський район, Pokrovskyi raion; russian: Покровский район, Pokrovsky rayon), is a raion (district) within Donetsk Oblast in eastern Ukraine. Its administrative center is Pokrovsk. Its area i ...
of the
Donetsk Oblast The Donetsk Oblast ( ukr, Донецька область, Donetska oblast, ), also referred to as Donechchyna ( ukr, Донеччина, links=no), is an oblast of eastern Ukraine. It is Ukraine's most populous province, with around 4.1 mill ...
in
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
. Prior to 2020, it was incorporated as a city of oblast significance. Its population is approximately .


History

Pokrovsk was founded as Grishino in 1875 by a decision of the Ministry of Railways of the
Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
for a railway station. The village had two thousand inhabitants. In 1881, a locomotive depot which became one of the main locomotive repair companies Ekaterinoslavskaya railway was built in the town. Two years later, in 1883, increased the station building, the central portion of which survives to this day. In May 1884, trains finally began to go through the rail station in Grishino. With the development of the railway station and Grishino grew, there were new businesses, and in particular began to develop deposits of underground minerals, starting with coal. By 1913, the population Grishino station has more than doubled and amounted to about 4.5 thousand people. After the
Russian Civil War , date = October Revolution, 7 November 1917 – Yakut revolt, 16 June 1923{{Efn, The main phase ended on 25 October 1922. Revolt against the Bolsheviks continued Basmachi movement, in Central Asia and Tungus Republic, the Far East th ...
ravaged Russia as a whole, Grishino station continued to build momentum and by 1925 had a locomotive depot, a brick factory, and six mines. The name of the station was changed to Postyshevo in 1934 to honor of
Pavel Postyshev Pavel Petrovich Postyshev (russian: Па́вел Петро́вич По́стышев; – 26 February 1939) was a Soviet politician, state and Communist Party official and party publicist. He was a member of Joseph Stalin's inner circle, befor ...
, and in 1938, the name of the city became Krasnoarmeyskoe commemorating the
Soviet Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...
, after Postyshev was repressed during the
Great Purge The Great Purge or the Great Terror (russian: Большой террор), also known as the Year of '37 (russian: 37-й год, translit=Tridtsat sedmoi god, label=none) and the Yezhovshchina ('period of Nikolay Yezhov, Yezhov'), was General ...
. World War II placed a heavy burden on the shoulders of the population of the city. The first axis forces to arrive were Italians, followed by the Germans. The Soviet commanders had retreated prior to the arrival of these forces, having executed many young men in order to "avoid handing them over to the enemy" . The German forces proceeded to extract and transfer many civilians by train to forced labor camps in Austria. Many residents defended their hometown. 8295 Soviet soldiers perished on the battlefield, and 4788 residents of the town were killed in World War II. In February 1943 the
Massacre of Grischino The Massacre of Grischino was a war crime committed by members of the Red Army in February 1943 in the eastern Ukrainian town of Pokrovsk, Ukraine, Krasnoarmeyskoye, earlier named Postyschewo and Grischino. A total of 596 prisoners of war, nurses ...
took place. In the 1950s, in the post-war period, the city saw a large industrial and residential construction. In the
Russo-Ukrainian War The Russo-Ukrainian War; uk, російсько-українська війна, rosiisko-ukrainska viina. has been ongoing between Russia (alongside Russian separatist forces in Donbas, Russian separatists in Ukraine) and Ukraine since Feb ...
(that started in the spring of 2014) the city is near the frontline with the separatists
Donetsk People's Republic The Donetsk People's Republic ( rus, Донецкая Народная Республика, Donetskaya Narodnaya Respublika, dɐˈnʲetskəjə nɐˈrodnəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə; abbreviated as DPR or DNR, rus, ДНР) is a Territorial ...
. In May 2016, the city was renamed according to the Ukrainian decommunization process to Pokrovsk, honoring the
Intercession of the Theotokos The Intercession of the Theotokos, or the Protection of Our Most Holy Lady Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary, is a Christian feast of the Mother of God celebrated in the Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic Churches on October 1 (Julian calendar: ...
known as Pokrova in Ukrainian.


Demographics

The population of Pokrovsk as of August 1, 2017 was 75205 people. According to 2001 Census data, the breakdown by ethnicity is: Native language per Ukrainian Census of 2001: *
Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...
59.8% *
Ukrainian Ukrainian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Ukraine * Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe * Something relating to demographics of Ukraine in terms of demography and population of Ukraine * So ...
39.4% *
Armenian Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
0.2% *
Belarusian Belarusian may refer to: * Something of, or related to Belarus * Belarusians, people from Belarus, or of Belarusian descent * A citizen of Belarus, see Demographics of Belarus * Belarusian language * Belarusian culture * Belarusian cuisine * Byelor ...
0.1%


Gallery

File:Station Krasnoarmejsk DZD.JPG, Pokrovsk railway station File:Chervonoarmijsk city center (4).JPG, Apartment blocks in Pokrovsk File:Chervonoarmijsk city center.JPG, A grove in central Pokrovsk File:Krasnoarmiisk church.JPG, Pokrovsk church


References


External links

{{Authority control Cities in Donetsk Oblast Pokrovsk Raion Populated places established in the Russian Empire Bakhmutsky Uyezd City name changes in Ukraine Former Soviet toponymy in Ukraine