Konrad I of Oleśnica ( – 22 December 1366) was a Duke of
Żagań and
Ścinawa during 1309–1312 (with his brothers as co-rulers), Duke of
Oleśnica,
Namysłów,
Gniezno and
Kalisz during 1312–1313 (with his brother as co-ruler), Duke of Kalisz during 1313–1314 (alone), Duke of Namysłów from 1313 (alone) and Duke of Oleśnica from 1321 until his death (alone).
He was the second son of
Henry III (I), Duke of
Głogów, by his wife
Matilda, daughter of
Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Life
After his father's early death in 1309, Konrad I succeeded him in all his lands with his brothers as co-rulers; but, because he was a minor at that time, he remained under the care of his mother and older brother
Henry IV the Faithful until 1312.
Despite his minority, on 3 March 1310 in
Berlin, Konrad I was present with his brothers Henry IV and
Bolesław, when they solemnly renounced their rights over
Gdańsk Pomerania to Brandenburg in exchange for a monetary compensation. In order to have good relations with the
House of Ascania, they pledge the towns of
Krosno Odrzańskie and
Żagań to them (they will recover these territories in 1319).
On 29 February 1312, was made the formal division of the Duchy. Konrad I and Bolesław obtained as co-rulers the eastern part of the Duchy (
Oleśnica,
Namysłów and
Kluczbork), and the regions of
Kalisz and
Gniezno. Henry IV, Jan and Przemko II retained the regions of
Ścinawa,
Żagań and
Greater Poland
Greater Poland, often known by its Polish name Wielkopolska (; german: Großpolen, sv, Storpolen, la, Polonia Maior), is a Polish historical regions, historical region of west-central Poland. Its chief and largest city is Poznań followed ...
. Their mother Matilda kept Głogów as her
dower. One year later, in 1313, Konrad I and Bolesław decided to divide their own domains: Konrad I received Namysłów and Kalisz.
The situation of Henry III's sons was precarious. In 1313, Konrad I lost Kalisz after a revolt of the nobility. The same year, the Dukes of Legnica obtained
Uraz. In 1314, supported by the local nobility who opposes to territorial division of Henry III,
Władysław I the Elbow-high take almost all
Greater Poland
Greater Poland, often known by its Polish name Wielkopolska (; german: Großpolen, sv, Storpolen, la, Polonia Maior), is a Polish historical regions, historical region of west-central Poland. Its chief and largest city is Poznań followed ...
.
In 1321, when his brother Bolesław died without issue, Konrad I inherited Oleśnica. While Władysław I the Elbow-high and
Bolesław III the Generous engaged in looting in the territory of the Duchy of Oleśnica (from 1321 to 1323), Konrad married with Elisabeth, daughter of
Henry VI the Good, removing any threat from Duchy of
Wrocław.
A peace treaty with Władysław I and Bolesław III was concluded in
Kraków on 10 August 1323. Konrad I received
Wołów,
Lubiąż and
Smogorzów, but in exchange was forced to give Namysłów to Bolesław III. In 1328, he paid homage to King
John of Bohemia
John the Blind or John of Luxembourg ( lb, Jang de Blannen; german: link=no, Johann der Blinde; cz, Jan Lucemburský; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346), was the Count of Luxembourg from 1313 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of ...
.
In summer 1343, King
Casimir III the Great of
Poland launched an attack against Konrad I,
Jan of Ścinawa
Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to:
Acronyms
* Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN
* Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code
* Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group
* Japanese Article Numb ...
and
Henry V of Iron. Konrad I inflicted defeated the Polish army which was in the walls of Oleśnica and concludes a peace treaty with King Casimir III. In 1345, Conrad and his nephew Henry V trying unsuccessfully to recover
Wschowa from Poland. In retaliation, the King of Poland launches an attack against the Duchy of Oleśnica.
In 1355 Konrad I took control over the Duchy of
Koźle (Kosel). On 8 December 1357, the Duchy of
Bytom (Beuthen) was divided between him and Duke
Casimir I of
Cieszyn. The following year, he bought
Milicz to the
Bishopric of Wrocław.
In 1361, after the death of Jan de Ścinawa, Konrad I and Henry V entered in a dispute over his inheritance. The conflict was resolved in 1365 through the mediation of
Ludwik I the Fair, Duke of
Brzeg.
Konrad I died on 22 December 1366 and was buried in the Chapel of St. Hedwig in the monastery of
Trzebnica.
Marriages and Issue
By 10 January 1322 Konrad I married firstly with Elisabeth (b. ca. 1311 – d. 20 February? 1328), daughter of
Henry VI the Good, Duke of
Wrocław. They had no children.
By 2 March 1333 Konrad I married secondly with Euphemia (b. 1313? – d. 3 January 1378), daughter of
Władysław, Duke of
Koźle-
Bytom
Bytom (Polish pronunciation: ; Silesian: ''Bytōm, Bytōń'', german: Beuthen O.S.) is a city in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland. Located in the Silesian Voivodeship of Poland, the city is 7 km northwest of Katowice, the regional capital ...
. They had two children:
# Hedwig (b. ca. 25 March 1338 – d. ca. 1351), married by 11 August 1345 to Duke
Nikolaus II of
Opawa (Troppau).
#
Konrad II the Gray
Konrad II the Gray ( pl, Konrad II Siwy) (c. 1340 – 10 June 1403) was a Duke of Oleśnica, Koźle and half of Bytom since 1366 and Duke of half of Ścinawa since 1397 until his death.
He was the second child but only son of Duke Konrad I of Ole ...
(b. ca. 1340 – d. 10 June 1403).
References
*
*
Genealogical database by Herbert Stoyan
*''This article was translated from his original version in French Wikipedia.''
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Konrad 01 Of Olesnica
1290s births
1366 deaths
Piast dynasty
Year of birth uncertain
Place of birth unknown