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Kirchheim unter Teck (
Swabian Swabian or Schwabian, or ''variation'', may refer to: * the German region of Swabia (German: "''Schwaben''") * Swabian German, a dialect spoken in Baden-Württemberg in south-west Germany and adjoining areas (German:"''Schwäbisch''") * Danube S ...
: ''Kircha'') is a town in
Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...
,
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...
, in the
district of Esslingen Esslingen is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the centre of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen and the district-free city Stuttgart. Until 15 October 1964 the ...
. It is located on the small river
Lauter Lauter may refer to: People * Lauter (surname) Places *Lauter, Saxony, town in the district of Aue-Schwarzenberg, Saxony, Germany * Lauter, Bavaria, village in the district of Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany Rivers * Lauter (Baunach), tributary to th ...
, a tributary of the
Neckar The Neckar () is a river in Germany, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, with a short section through Hesse. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the Rhine. Rising in the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis near Schwen ...
. It is 10 km (6 miles) near the Teck castle, approximately southeast of
Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the Sw ...
. It is the fourth city in the Esslingen district, forming a district centre for the surrounding communities. Since 1 April 1956, Kirchheim unter Teck has the status of
Große Kreisstadt ''Große Kreisstadt'' (, "major district town") is a term in the municipal law ('' Gemeindeordnung'') of several German states. In some federal states the term is used as a special legal status for a district-affiliated town—as distinct from an ...
. The city forms a ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaft'' (administrative community) with the neighbouring municipalities Dettingen and Notzingen. Kirchheim unter Teck was also, for several centuries, seat of the Oberamt (Oa.) Kirchheim.


Geography

Kirchheim unter Teck is located in the foothills of the central Swabian ''Alb'', north of the Albtrauf escarpment and its foothills: the
Teckberg Teckberg is a mountain at '' Landkreis Esslingen'' in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, with an elevation of 775 metres. Situated on top is castle Teck. Geography The Teckberg jumps from Swabian Jura edge from about 3 km towards the north front and ...
, Breitenstein and Limburg. It is situated in the Lauter valley, at the confluence of the Lindach and several tributary streams with the
Lauter Lauter may refer to: People * Lauter (surname) Places *Lauter, Saxony, town in the district of Aue-Schwarzenberg, Saxony, Germany * Lauter, Bavaria, village in the district of Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany Rivers * Lauter (Baunach), tributary to th ...
. The Lauter itself arrives at the south side of the city, coming from
Dettingen unter Teck Dettingen is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Geography Dettingen is located 40 km southeast of Stuttgart and 4 km south of Kirchheim unter Teck at an elevation of between 329 t ...
, then flowing through the city center (to the right of the old town), then turning north west, flowing through the district of Ötlingen and then leaving the city towards
Wendlingen am Neckar Wendlingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated on the Neckar and Lauter rivers, 27 km southeast of Stuttgart. The town grew in size, officially, on 1 April 1940, when three sep ...
, where it flows into the
Neckar The Neckar () is a river in Germany, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, with a short section through Hesse. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the Rhine. Rising in the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis near Schwen ...
.


Neighbouring communities

The following towns and villages border the town of Kirchheim Teck,
clockwise Two-dimensional rotation can occur in two possible directions. Clockwise motion (abbreviated CW) proceeds in the same direction as a clock's hands: from the top to the right, then down and then to the left, and back up to the top. The opposite ...
starting in the East: Schlierbach ( Göppingen) and
Ohmden Ohmden is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Neighboring communities Neighboring municipalities are starting from North clockwise: Schlierbach, Hattenhofen, Zell unter Aichelberg , all district Gö ...
,
Holzmaden Holzmaden is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany that lies between Stuttgart and Ulm. Holzmaden is 4 km south-east from Kirchheim unter Teck and 19 km south-east of Esslingen am Neckar. The A 8 runs south from Holzmaden. The town ...
,
Weilheim an der Teck Weilheim an der Teck is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated 7 km southeast of Kirchheim unter Teck, and 13 km southwest of Göppingen. Locals often refer to it as just "Weilhe ...
, Bissingen an der Teck,
Dettingen unter Teck Dettingen is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Geography Dettingen is located 40 km southeast of Stuttgart and 4 km south of Kirchheim unter Teck at an elevation of between 329 t ...
,
Nürtingen Nürtingen () is a town on the river Neckar in the district of Esslingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. History The following events occurred, by year: *1046: First mention of ''Niuritingin'' in the document of Speyer ...
, Oberboihingen,
Wendlingen am Neckar Wendlingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated on the Neckar and Lauter rivers, 27 km southeast of Stuttgart. The town grew in size, officially, on 1 April 1940, when three sep ...
, Wernau and Notzingen (all of them in the district of Esslingen)


Structure of the city

The city of Kirchheim unter Teck consists of the core city Kirchheim, which annexed in 1935 the districts of Lindorf and Ötlingen. In the local government reform of 1974, Kirchheim annexed the districts of Jesingen and Nabern. All four districts are
town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an o ...
s in the sense of the Municipal Code of Baden-Württemberg. That is, they each have a municipal council, elected by the population and chaired by a
mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well ...
. Within the central city of Kirchheim, separately named residential areas can be distinguished, whose names have emerged in the course of history. In most cases they are not exactly delineated. The ''Schafhof'' district, however, which was built in the 1970s, is not adjacent to the rest of the city.


Markets & Attractions

The city holds a variety of regular scheduled markets and fairs for its residents and tourists alike. A weekly farmers market offers a wide variety of seasonal fruits, vegetables and fresh flowers amongst other regional specialties. Every first Monday of the month a ‘Krämermarkt’ with roughly 100 additional booths offering clothing, household goods and more is added. Additional seasonal fairs are held in March, November and a Christmasmarket in December.


Planning

Kirchheim is a regional center within Stuttgart Region, the main center of which is
Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the Sw ...
. The Kirchheim region consists of the cities and towns in the southeast of the Esslingen district (essentially the foothills of the ''Alb'' with Lenningen valley and Neidlingen valley). In particular, the region encompasses the towns of Bissingen an der Teck,
Dettingen unter Teck Dettingen is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Geography Dettingen is located 40 km southeast of Stuttgart and 4 km south of Kirchheim unter Teck at an elevation of between 329 t ...
, Erkenbrechtsweiler,
Holzmaden Holzmaden is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany that lies between Stuttgart and Ulm. Holzmaden is 4 km south-east from Kirchheim unter Teck and 19 km south-east of Esslingen am Neckar. The A 8 runs south from Holzmaden. The town ...
, Köngen,
Lenningen Lenningen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Neighbour communities Those are in the east Wiesensteig (district of Göppingen), in the south Römerstein and Grabenstetten (both district of Reutlingen), ...
,
Neidlingen Neidlingen is a municipality in the district of Esslingen, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. History In 1807, Neidlingen, formerly a possession of the Kingdom of Bavaria, was assigned to the district of Wiesensteig in the Kingdom of Württember ...
Notzingen,
Ohmden Ohmden is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Neighboring communities Neighboring municipalities are starting from North clockwise: Schlierbach, Hattenhofen, Zell unter Aichelberg , all district Gö ...
,
Owen Owen may refer to: Origin: The name Owen is of Irish and Welsh origin. Its meanings range from noble, youthful, and well-born. Gender: Owen is historically the masculine form of the name. Popular feminine variations include Eowyn and Owena. ...
,
Weilheim an der Teck Weilheim an der Teck is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated 7 km southeast of Kirchheim unter Teck, and 13 km southwest of Göppingen. Locals often refer to it as just "Weilhe ...
and
Wendlingen am Neckar Wendlingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated on the Neckar and Lauter rivers, 27 km southeast of Stuttgart. The town grew in size, officially, on 1 April 1940, when three sep ...
.


History

Traces of settlements from the
Neolithic The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several pa ...
, the
Celtic Celtic, Celtics or Keltic may refer to: Language and ethnicity *pertaining to Celts, a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia **Celts (modern) *Celtic languages **Proto-Celtic language *Celtic music *Celtic nations Sports Foo ...
and Romans era have been found. Alamannic graves prove the existence of three settlements in the area of the city during the
migration period The Migration Period was a period in European history marked by large-scale migrations that saw the fall of the Western Roman Empire and subsequent settlement of its former territories by various tribes, and the establishment of the post-Roma ...
. Although the first written mention of Kirchheim dates only to the year 960, the town certainly existed during the Alemannic era of the 6th and 7th century. Perhaps the current settlement was founded during the Christianization when several older villages were merged and a church was built and dedicated to St. Martin. In 960, Kirchheim came in the possession of Emperor
Otto I Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (german: Otto der Große, it, Ottone il Grande), was East Frankish king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. He was the oldest son of He ...
in an exchange for the diocese Chur. The Market and the royal mint date back to the mid-11th Century. The place was owned by the Dukes of Zähringen and was inherited in 1186 by a lateral line, the
Duke of Teck Duke of Teck is a title which was created twice in Germanic lands. It was first borne from 1187 to 1439 by the head of a cadet line of the Kingdom of Germany, German ducal House of Zähringen, known as the "first House of Teck". The ''caput'' of ...
. The Dukes of Teck are known since 1252, but the title of duke more a family name than a proper title. Sometime between 1220 and 1230, they elevated Kirchheim to a
market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rural ...
under Freiburg law. Duke Louis I of Teck founded the Kirchheim nunnery in 1240. In 1270, Duke Conrad II of Teck initiated the construction of a city wall. In a process which lasted from 1303 until 1386, Kirchheim became a part of
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
and later of
Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württ ...
, due to economic difficulties of the Dukes of Teck. The city was the seat of a Württemberg ''Amt''. During the 14th century, when the Dukes of Teck played a leading role in the city government, the rise of the middle classes brought an economic boom, especially in the textile industry and the textile trade. After Duke Ulrich returned from exile in 1539, Kirchheim was expanded to a fortress of Württemberg and at the same time, the ducal palace was constructed. The current appearance of the city is from the reconstruction after a devastating fire in 1690. In 1864, it became the terminal of the first private railway in Württemberg, the line Unterboihingen-Kirchheim. In the 19th century, it became the seat of an ''Oberamt''. In 1938, the Oberamt Kirchheim was included in the ''Landkreis''
Nürtingen Nürtingen () is a town on the river Neckar in the district of Esslingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. History The following events occurred, by year: *1046: First mention of ''Niuritingin'' in the document of Speyer ...
. After
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
, the population of the city grew significantly due to the influx of refugees and displaced persons. In 1948, the population exceeded the limit of 20,000, and under the Baden-Württemberg Municipal Code, the city received on 1 April 1956 the legal status of
Große Kreisstadt ''Große Kreisstadt'' (, "major district town") is a term in the municipal law ('' Gemeindeordnung'') of several German states. In some federal states the term is used as a special legal status for a district-affiliated town—as distinct from an ...
. Since the district reform of 1973, Kirchheim unter Teck is one of the municipalities of the district of Esslingen. In 1974, two neighboring municipalities were annexed. Thus, the city reached its current dimensions.


Rocket launch pads

There are three launch pads for the
Luftwaffe The ''Luftwaffe'' () was the aerial-warfare branch of the German '' Wehrmacht'' before and during World War II. Germany's military air arms during World War I, the '' Luftstreitkräfte'' of the Imperial Army and the '' Marine-Fliegerabt ...
Bachem Ba 349 Natter rocket interceptors located in the Hasenholz forest near Kirchheim unter Teck. They are all that remain from the once active launch site constructed in 1945. The three launchpads are arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle, whose sides point toward the east and the south. The distance between the launchpads is approximately 50 meters. The circular concrete pads on which the Bachem Ba 349s and their launch towers once stood still exist. In the center of each of the three concrete plates is a square hole approximately 50 centimeters deep, which once served as the foundation for the launch tower. Beside each hole is a pipe, cut off at ground level, which was probably once a cable pit. The Natter launchpads at Kirchheim unter Teck are considered the only remnants of these rocket launch pads on publicly accessible terrain, as the ramp in the Lager Heuberg, where
Lothar Sieber Lothar Sieber (7 April 1922 – 1 March 1945) was a German test pilot who was killed in the first vertical take-off manned rocket flight, in a Bachem Ba 349 "Natter". Before he became a test pilot for Bachem, he piloted an Arado Ar 232 in hig ...
took off for his fatal manned test flight, is still in a restricted military area.


Religions

The population of Kirchheim unter Teck originally belonged to the Bishopric of Constance and was assigned to the Archdeanery ''circa alpes'', chapter Kirchheim. As the city belonged to
Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württ ...
at the time of the Reformation, Protestantism was introduced here as early as 1535 by Duke Ulrich. Consequently, Kirchheim unter Teck was a predominantly Protestant town for centuries. The Martin Church was the seat of the Dean of the Kirchheim Church District. The congregation grew, especially after the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...
, due to a strong influx and consequently, the congregation was split. One congregation uses the Christ Church (built in 1909), others use the Church of the Cross (1956), the Thomas Church (1967) and the Resurrection Church (1972). These five congregations in the central city, together with the parish of Ötlingen (separate parish since 1834) and the St. Matthew parish in Lindorf (church built in 1971, formerly part of Kirchheim, later part of Ötlingen), form the Evangelical Church of the City Kirchheim unter Teck. The districts of Jesingen and Nabern were also introduced early to the Reformation, due to their being part of Württemberg as well. Consequently, these district have their own Protestant congregation and church. All Protestant churches in the city are administered by the office of the Dean of Kirchheim unter Teck as part of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg. Since the late-19th century, there have been Catholics in Kirchheim unter Teck. They built the St. Ulrich church in 1910. Ötlingen and Lindorf and some neighboring communities belong to this parish. In 1967, a second church was built, the Mary Queen of Heaven church. The Catholics in Jessingen and Nabern and some neighboring communities belong to this parish. These two parishes now form the Pastoral Care Unit 5 in the Deanery Esslingen-Nürtingen of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart. The city also has several Free Churches and congregations, including the
United Methodist Church The United Methodist Church (UMC) is a worldwide mainline Protestant denomination based in the United States, and a major part of Methodism. In the 19th century, its main predecessor, the Methodist Episcopal Church, was a leader in evangelica ...
and the
Evangelical Free Church The Evangelical Free Church of America (EFCA) is a denomination in the Evangelical Protestant tradition. The EFCA was formed in 1950 from the merger of the Swedish Evangelical Free Church and the Norwegian-Danish Evangelical Free Church Associ ...
(also known as
Baptists Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only (believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul com ...
). The
New Apostolic Church The New Apostolic Church (NAC) is a Christian denomination, Christian church that split from the Catholic Apostolic Church during an 1863 schism in Hamburg, Germany. The church has existed since 1863 in Germany and since 1897 in the Ne ...
is also represented in Kirchheim unter Teck.


Annexations

In the town of Kirchheim unter Teck following municipalities were integrated: * 1 April 1935: Ötlingen and Lindorf * 1 January 1974: Nabern * 1 September 1974: Jesingen


Districts


Jesingen

Jesingen is located about two miles () southeast of Kirchheim in the direction
Weilheim an der Teck Weilheim an der Teck is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated 7 km southeast of Kirchheim unter Teck, and 13 km southwest of Göppingen. Locals often refer to it as just "Weilhe ...
. Jesingen was the first mentioned (as''Osinski'') in 769 in the Codex of Lorsch in a donation to the Lorsch monastery. The district of Jesinger is 574 ha in size, the village has about 3300 inhabitants.


Lindorf

Lindorf is located about two kilometres () west of Kirchheim. Lindorf is first mentioned in 1090 in the Treaty of Bempflinger Treaty. The district has an area of 262 ha; about 1,500 people live in Lindorf.


Ötlingen

Ötlingen is situated approximately west of Kirchheim. The two districts are separated by an industrial area; the built up area is now continuous. The Ötlingen district has an area of 375 hectares. Ötlingen is first mentioned in 788 (as ''Adiningen'') in the Codex of Lorsch. Ötlingen was owned by the Dukes of the Zähringen and later by the Dukes of Teck and at end of the 13th century by
Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württ ...
. Today, the district of Ötlingen has approximately 6,400 inhabitants. Ötlingen is the only district of Kirchheim unter Teck with a station on the Stuttgart S-Bahn, apart from Kirchheim itself. Line S1 runs Herrenberg -
Böblingen Böblingen (; Swabian: ''Beblenga'') is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, seat of Böblingen District. Sindelfingen and Böblingen are contiguous. History Böblingen was founded by Count Wilhelm von Tübingen-Böblingen in 1253. Würt ...
-
Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the Sw ...
- Esslingen am Neckar - Plochingen -
Wendlingen am Neckar Wendlingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated on the Neckar and Lauter rivers, 27 km southeast of Stuttgart. The town grew in size, officially, on 1 April 1940, when three sep ...
- Kirchheim Teck-Ötlingen - Kirchheim unter Teck . This line provides fast transport to Stuttgart and beyond every 30 minutes.


Population development

The population figures are estimates, census results (¹) or official updates of the respective statistical offices (only primary
residences A residence is a place (normally a building) used as a home or dwelling, where people reside. Residence may more specifically refer to: * Domicile (law), a legal term for residence * Habitual residence, a civil law term dealing with the status ...
are counted). ¹ census results Source: Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg


Politics


Council

Since the last Local Elections in Baden-Württemberg on 25 May 2014, the City Council has 34 members. The turnout was 45,22%. The election result was as follows: The chairman of the municipal council is the mayor.


Mayor

In early times, the head of the city Kirchheim unter Teck was called an '' Amtmann'' ("bailiff/magistrate"); and later the title was ''Obervogt'' ("chief advocate"). Ranked below him were ''Untervögte'' (Regents), mayors, a court and a council. The Court was the administrative authority of the city. Since the 14th century, the council considered themselves as representatives of the citizenry. The council still ranked below the court. The council was elected of mayors, usually two of them. In the 19th century, the
mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well ...
held the job title of ''„Stadtschultheiß“''. Since 1930, the term ''Bürgermeister' (mayor) is used, and when the city was promoted to ''
Große Kreisstadt ''Große Kreisstadt'' (, "major district town") is a term in the municipal law ('' Gemeindeordnung'') of several German states. In some federal states the term is used as a special legal status for a district-affiliated town—as distinct from an ...
, the job title is ''Oberbürgermeister'' ( Lord Mayor). He is chairman of the council and is elected directly by the voters for an 8-year term. His deputy is the first Alderman, with the title of "mayor".


City leaders since 1819

* 1819–1832: Christian Ludwig Göckler * 1832–1841: Philipp Gottlieb Osiander * 1841–1849: Heinrich August Kübel * 1849–1878: Johan Georg Heim * 1878–1908: Michael Ernst Kröner * 1908–1943: Andreas Marx * 1943–1945: Reinhold Seeber * 1945: Martin Schempp * 1945–1975: Franz Kröning * 1975–1988: Werner Hauser * 1988–2004: Peter Jacob * 2004–2020: Angelika Matt-Heidecker * Since 2020: Pascal Bader


Economy and transport


Transport

Kirchheim (Teck) station Kirchheim (Teck) station (1864–1899: Kirchheim u Teck) is the most important station of the Baden-Württemberg town Kirchheim unter Teck. Today's train station is at kilometer 6.465 of the Teck Railway between Wendlingen (Neckar) and Oberlenn ...
is serviced by the
Teck Railway The Teck Railway (german: Teckbahn) is a branch line in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, connecting Wendlingen am Neckar with Kirchheim unter Teck and Oberlenningen. In Deutsche Bahn’s timetable it has route number 761. A branch line ...
, a railway that connects
Wendlingen am Neckar Wendlingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated on the Neckar and Lauter rivers, 27 km southeast of Stuttgart. The town grew in size, officially, on 1 April 1940, when three sep ...
to
Lenningen Lenningen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Neighbour communities Those are in the east Wiesensteig (district of Göppingen), in the south Römerstein and Grabenstetten (both district of Reutlingen), ...
. Inside the city, the bus lines of the
public transport Public transport (also known as public transportation, public transit, mass transit, or simply transit) is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public unlike private transport, typi ...
group service multiple stops. All of the lines connect to stops serviced by the Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund Stuttgart (VVS), the Stuttgart public transport group. As of 12 December 2009, the Stuttgart S-Bahn line S1 connects Herrenberg to Kirchheim via Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof, providing links to the city and beyond.
Bundesautobahn 8 is an autobahn in southern Germany that runs 497 km (309 mi) from the Luxembourg A13 motorway at Schengen via Neunkirchen, Pirmasens, Karlsruhe, Pforzheim, Stuttgart, Ulm, Augsburg and Munich to the Austrian West Autobahn near Sa ...
passes through the south side of the town and has two interchanges for east- and west-Kirchheim. Bundesstrasse 297 ( Lorch -
Tübingen Tübingen (, , Swabian: ''Dibenga'') is a traditional university city in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer rivers. about one in three ...
) passes through the town, which is also a terminus of Bundesstrasse 465 that leads south through the Lenningen valley on its way to Leutkirch im Allgäu.


Local businesses

In Kirchheim unter Teck industrialization began early. By 1911 the manufactured goods included cotton goods, damask, pianofortes, machinery, furniture, chemicals, cement and gliders. The town also had wool-spinning establishments and breweries and a corn exchange. It was the most important wool market in South Germany, and also had a trade in fruit, timber and pigs. Some early companies do not exist any longer, such as the textile company Kolb & Schüle AG, the Schrauben- und Flanschenfabrik Emil Helfferich Nachfolger, the engineering works Kirchheim, the iron foundry Grüninger and Prem, or the MBB armaments factory. Among the better known Kirchheim based companies that still exist, are the seat manufacturer Recaro, the RC model maker Graupner, the cane manufacturer Leki and Schempp-Hirth. In the Nabern industrial park we find the company
Ballard Power Systems Ballard Power Systems Inc. is a developer and manufacturer of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell products for markets such as heavy-duty motive (consisting of bus and tram applications), portable power, material handling as well as engine ...
, a company that developed
fuel cell A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen fuel, hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most bat ...
s and is owned by
Daimler AG The Mercedes-Benz Group AG (previously named Daimler-Benz, DaimlerChrysler and Daimler) is a German multinational automotive corporation headquartered in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is one of the world's leading car manufactu ...
.


Media

The Teckbote is a daily
newspaper A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, spor ...
published in Kirchheim unter Teck. It is a regional edition of the Südwest Presse.


Authorities, courts and organisations

Kirchheim unter Teck has a field office of the Tax Office Nürtingen, a branch of the District Office Esslingen, a Notary and a District Court that belongs to the
Oberlandesgericht An ''Oberlandesgericht'' (plural – ''Oberlandesgerichte''; OLG, en, Higher Regional Court, or in Berlin ''Kammergericht'': KG) is a higher court in Germany. There are 24 OLGs in Germany and they deal with civil and criminal matters. They a ...
district of
Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the Sw ...
. The city is also home to the church district of Kirchheim unter Teck of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg. Of health facilities, the city has a district hospital of the district of Esslingen. In addition, there are several sports and leisure facilities including, outdoor pool, 11 sports and event halls, a skate park, a riding stable, and 10 stadiums and sports grounds.


Education

In Kirchheim unter Teck there are a Pedagogical Seminar (teacher training) and a large number of primary and secondary schools. The
district of Esslingen Esslingen is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the centre of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen and the district-free city Stuttgart. Until 15 October 1964 the ...
is the education authority for the vocational schools: Jakob-Friedrich-Schöllkopf School - Business School and Max-Eyth School - Commercial School) and for the Carl-Weber-school kindergarten for the mentally handicapped. The
Community College A community college is a type of educational institution. The term can have different meanings in different countries: many community colleges have an "open enrollment" for students who have graduated from high school (also known as senior s ...
Kirchheim unter Teck eV (founded in 1947), provides a wide range of courses. DEULA provides agricultural technical training. There is a traffic-educational college (VPA), which provides training for driving instructors. For smaller children there are 49 kindergarten classes with 1328 seats, 5 groups in day-care centers with 85-88 seats, 5 groups in church nursery with 75-81 seats and 5 groups in free kindergartens with 119 seats.


School exchanges

One of the main high schools in Kirchheim unter Teck, the Ludwig-Uhland-Gymnasium, has been running an exchange with students from Upholland High School, Orrell, United Kingdom, since 1995. This exchange is for all students in each school who are musically talented and who are in the school band in both schools. Students from each school take place in the exchange in different years Ludwig Big Band in 1996, 98, 00, 02 etc., and UHHS Band in 1995, 97, 99, 01 etc. This year (2009) sees 35 students from the UHHS band visit the school and the town of Kirchheim, this year will also commemorate the twenty-fifth year of exchanges.


Twin towns – sister cities

Kirchheim unter Teck is twinned with: *
Rambouillet Rambouillet (, , ) is a subprefecture of the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region of France. It is located beyond the outskirts of Paris, southwest of its centre. In 2018, the commune had a population of 26,933. Rambouillet lie ...
, France (1967) * Kalocsa, Hungary (1997) * Bački Petrovac, Serbia (2017)


Notable people

* Rupertus Meldenius (1582–1651), theologian and educator *
Barbara Sophie of Brandenburg Barbara Sophia of Brandenburg (16 November 1584 – 13 February 1636) was duchess of Württemberg by marriage to Duke John Frederick of Württemberg and acted as regent of the Duchy of Württemberg for their minor son, Duke Eberhard III of Würt ...
(1584–1636), duchess * Magdalena Sibylla of Hesse-Darmstadt (1652–1712), composer of church music * Joanna Elisabeth of Baden-Durlach (1680–1757), Duchess of Württemberg * Christiane Charlotte of Württemberg-Winnental (1694–1729), princess *
Franziska von Hohenheim Countess Franziska Theresia von Hohenheim (10 January 1748 in Adelmannsfelden – 1 January 1811 in Kirchheim unter Teck) was a German noblewoman. From birth she was a Baroness von Bernerdin and from 1765 onwards Baroness Leutrum von Ertingen. S ...
(1748–1811), noblewoman * Duke Louis of Württemberg (1756–1817), Prussian field marshal * Adam Karl August von Eschenmayer (1768–1852), philosopher and physician * Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg (1780–1857) * Baron von Ludwig (1784–1847), pharmacist *
Johann Friedrich Osiander Johann Friedrich Osiander (2 February 1787 in Kirchheim unter Teck – 10 February 1855) was an obstetrician at Göttingen, who published a prize essay in 1808 on nerves of the uterus titled ''Commentatio anatomico-physiologica, qua edisseretur ut ...
(1787–1855), obstretician * Frederick Vogel (1823–1892), tanner *
Gottlieb Heileman Johann Gottlieb Heileman (January 6, 1824 in Kirchheim unter Teck, Württemberg – February 19, 1878 in La Crosse, Wisconsin) was the founder of the G. Heileman Brewing Company in La Crosse, Wisconsin. Heileman founded the brewery in 1858. ...
(1824–1878), founder of the Heileman Brewing Company * Max Eyth (1836–1906), engineer and writer * Rudolf von Bünau (1890–1962), general * Martin Schempp (1905–1984), glider pilot * Eugen Gerstenmaier (1906–1986), resistance fighter and CDU politician *
Kurt Rommel Kurt Rommel (20 December 1926 – 5 March 2011) was a German Protestant pastor of the Evangelische Landeskirche in Württemberg, author of spiritual books, and hymnodist. He wrote text and tune of hymns contained in both Protestant and Catholi ...
(1926–2011), German Protestant pastor, author and hymnodist * Óscar Barrena (born 1966), field hockey player * Bjørn Melhus (born 1966), artist * Manuel Fumic (born 1982), cross-country mountain biker * Jasmina Keber (born 1988), crossminton player


See also


Notes


References

* * Hans Schwenkel: ''Heimatbuch des Kreises Nürtingen.'' vol 2. Würzburg 1953, pp. 388–528. * ''Der Landkreis Esslingen'' - compiled by the State Archiv Baden-Württemberg i.V. with Landkreis Esslingen, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, , vol. 2, p. 45.


Literature

* Frasch, Werner: ''Kirchheim unter Teck – aus Geschichte und Gegenwart einer Stadt und ihrer Bewohner'' Verlag der Teckbote, Kirchheim unter Teck 1985, . * ''Kirchheim unter Teck - Marktort/Amtsstadt/Mittelalterzentrum.'' Hrsg. von Rainer Kilian i. A. der Stadt Kirchheim (Teck), GO Druck Media Verlag, Kirchheim unter Teck 2006, . * ''Der Landkreis Esslingen.'' Hrsg. vom Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg i. V. mit dem Landkreis Esslingen, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, , Band 2, Seite 45. * ''Kirchheim unter Teck um 1000 n. Chr. - Geschichte und Archäologie.'' - Hrsg. Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart - Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Esslingen, ''Archäologische Informationen aus Baden-Württemberg'' Heft 62, Stuttgart: Verlagsbüro Wais und Partner, 2011, . * Deigendesch, Roland: ''Mit Tina und Mehmet Kirchheim unter Teck entdecken – Stadtgeschichte(n) für Kinder.'' Hrsg. von der AG Museumspädagogik in Verbindung mit dem Stadtarchiv Kirchheim unter Teck. GO Druck Media, Kirchheim unter Teck 2011, . ;Attribution *


External links

*
View of Kirchheim unter Teck from the Forstlagerbuch by Andreas Kieser, 1685 (Central State Archive Stuttgart)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kirchheim Unter Teck Esslingen (district) Württemberg