The Kibbutz Movement ( he, התנועה הקיבוצית, ''HaTnu'a HaKibbutzit'') is the largest settlement movement for

kibbutz A kibbutz ( he, קִבּוּץ / , lit. "gathering, clustering"; plural: kibbutzim / ) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1909, was Degania. Today, farming h ...

im in

Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

. It was formed in 1999 by a partial merger of the United Kibbutz Movement and Kibbutz Artzi and is made up of approximately 230 kibbutzim. It does not include the Religious Kibbutz Movement with its 16 kibbutzim or the two Poalei Agudat Yisrael-affiliated religious kibbutzim.

United Kibbutz Movement

The United Kibbutz Movement ( he, התנועה הקבוצית המאוחדת, ''HaTnu'a HaKibbutzit HaMeuhedet''), also known by its Hebrew acronym ''TaKaM'' (), was founded in 1981 and was largely aligned with the Labor Party and its predecessors. It had been formed by a merger itself, when ''HaKibbutz HaMeuhad'' and ''Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim'' came together. Consequently, their respective youth movements merged into the

Habonim Dror Habonim Dror ( he, הַבּוֹנִים דְּרוֹר, "the builders–freedom") is the evolution of two Jewish Labour Zionist youth movements that merged in 1982. Habonim ( he, הַבּוֹנִים, "the builders") was founded in 1929 in th ...

youth movement. In 1999 a third movement, Artzi, joined the United Kibbutz Movement, although it maintains a certain autonomy, as does its

Hashomer Hatzair Hashomer Hatzair ( he, הַשׁוֹמֵר הַצָעִיר, , ''The Young Guard'') is a Labor Zionist, secular Jewish youth movement founded in 1913 in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Austria-Hungary, and it was also the name of the gro ...

youth movement.

History

HaKibbutz HaMeuhad

HaKibbutz HaMeuhad ( he, הקיבוץ המאוחד, lit. ''The United Kibbutz'') had been formed in 1927 by the union of several kibbutz bodies and was associated with the

Poale Zion Poale Zion (also spelled Poalei Tziyon or Poaley Syjon, meaning "Workers of Zion") was a movement of Marxist– Zionist Jewish workers founded in various cities of Poland, Europe and the Russian Empire in about the turn of the 20th century a ...

and later

Ahdut HaAvoda Ahdut HaAvoda ( he, אַחְדוּת הַעֲבוֹדָה, lit. ''Labour Unity'') was the name used by a series of political parties. Ahdut HaAvoda in its first incarnation was led by David Ben-Gurion. It was first established during the period ...

parties and was aligned with the Habonim youth movement.

Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim

Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim ( he, איחוד הקבוצות והקיבוצים, lit. ''Union of the

Kvutzot Kvutza, kevutza or kevutzah ( "group") is a communal settlement among Jews, primarily in pre-state Israel, the word was used in reference to communal life. First there were ''kvutzot'' (plural of kvutza) in the sense of groups of young people with ...

and the Kibbutzim'') had been formed in 1951 by the union of ''Hever HaKvutzot'' (, lit. ''Group of the Kvutzot'') and Ihud HaKibbutzim (, lit. ''Union of the Kibbutzim''). The movement included kibbutzim which had left ''HaKibbutz HaMeuhad'' for ideological reasons and was aligned with the Labour Party and its predecessors, Mapai and the Dror youth movement.

Kibbutz Artzi

Kibbutz Artzi ( he, הקיבוץ הארצי, lit, ''Nationwide Kibbutz'') was a kibbutz movement associated with the

youth movement, and the Mapam political party. It was founded on 1 April 1927, and had 85 kibbutzim and 28,000 members in 1998.

References

External links

Official website
{{Zionism 1999 establishments in Israel Labor Zionism