Khanakul I
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Khanakul Town is city in
Arambag subdivision Arambag subdivision is an administrative subdivision of the Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Overview Arambag subdivision is a rural dominated area. All the blocks in the subdivision have cent percent population living in th ...
of
Hooghly district Hooghly district () is one of the districts of the Indian state of West Bengal. It can alternatively be spelt ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli''. The district is named after the Hooghly River. The headquarters of the district are at Hooghly-Chinsura (''C ...
in the Indian
state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...
of
West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...
.


Overview

The Khanakul I CD Block is part of the Dwarakeswar-Damodar inter-riverine plain with
alluvial Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluv ...
soil. The Mundeswari flows through the region, carrying water from the Damodar and joins the Rupnarayan at the tri-junction of the Hooghly,
Howrah Howrah (, , alternatively spelled as Haora) is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. Howrah is located on the western bank of the Hooghly River opposite its twin city of Kolkata. Administratively it lies within Howrah district, and is th ...
and
Purba Medinipur Purba Medinipur (English: ''East Medinipur'', alternative spelling ''Midnapore'') district is an administrative unit in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the southernmost district of Medinipur division – one of the five administrative d ...
districts. It is a flood prone area.


Geography

Khanakul I is located at . Khanakul I CD Block is bounded by
Arambagh Arambagh also known as Arambag is a town and a municipality in Hooghly district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of Arambagh subdivision. Geography Location Arambagh is located at . It has an average elevation of ...
and
Pursurah Pursurah (also spelled Pursura) is a village in the Pursurah CD block in the Arambag subdivision of Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography Location Pursurah is located at . Area overview The Arambagh subdivision, pres ...
CD Blocks in the north,
Udaynarayanpur Udaynarayanpur is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Uluberia subdivision of Howrah district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography Location Udaynarayanpur is located at . Udaynarayanpur CD Block is b ...
CD Block, in Howrah district, in the east,
Khanakul II Khanakul II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Arambag subdivision of Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Overview The Khanakul II CD Block is part of the Dwarakeswar-Damodar inter-riverine p ...
CD Block in the south,
Ghatal Ghatal is a city and a municipality in Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of the Ghatal subdivision. History In ancient times, when Tamralipta was an active port, Ghatal had its own ‘Bandar’ (port), 3&n ...
CD Block, in Paschim Medinipur district, in the west. It is located 66 km from
Chinsurah Hugli-Chuchura or Hooghly-Chinsurah is a city and a municipality of Hooghly district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of West Bengal. It lies on the bank of Hooghly River, 35 km north of Kolkata. It is located in the ...
, the district headquarters. Khanakul I CD Block has an area of 171.92 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 13
gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...
s, 192 gram sansads (village councils), 94
mouza In Bangladesh, Pakistan and parts of India a mouza or mauza (also mouja) is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a ...
s and 93 inhabited villages.
Khanakul Khanakul is a town in Hooghly District in the state of West Bengal, India . Khanakul is the birth place of Raja Ramohon Roy. Khanakul is famous for Ratnavali Temple, Gopinath Temple, Radhavallabh Temple, Ghontashor Temple. Khanakul can be reach ...
police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at Khanakul.
Raja Rammohan Roy Raja Ram Mohan Roy ( bn, রামমোহন রায়; 22 May 1772 – 27 September 1833) was an Indian reformer who was one of the founders of the Brahmo Sabha in 1828, the precursor of the Brahmo Samaj, a social-religious reform m ...
, the great reformer, was born at
Radhanagore Radhanagore (also spelled Radhanagar) in the khanakul Town Arambagh subdivision of the Hooghly District of West Bengal, India. It is the birthplace of Raja Rammohun Roy. Located near Khanakul, it is approachable from Tarakeswar or Arambag. Mund ...
on 14 August 1774.
Gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...
s of Khanakul I block/ panchayat samiti are: Arunda, Balipur, Khanakul I, Khanakul II, Kishorpur I, Kishorpur II, Pole I, Pole II, Rammohan I, Rammohan II, Tantisal, Thakuranichak, and Ghoshpur.


Demographics


Population

As per the
2011 Census of India The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...
, Khanakul I CD Block had a total population of 254,434, all of which were rural. There were 130,712 (51%) males and 123,722 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 29,925.
Scheduled Castes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 73,310 (28.81%) and
Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 764 (0.30%). As per the 2001 census, Khanakul I block had a total population of 221,832, out of which 112,183 were males and 109,649 were females. Khanakul I block registered a population growth of 13.00 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Hooghly district was 15.72 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent. Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Khanakul I CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Mahisgot (4,414), Pilkhana (4,176), Ghoshpur (19,014), Paschim Thakurani Chak (5,514), Purbba Thakurani Chak (7,076), Kanchra (4,068), Mainan (5,623), Pol (11,038), Patul (5,474), Radhaballabhpur (5,168), Krishnanagar (4,767), Dainan Anantanagar (4,840), Tantisal (4,759), Balipur (8,254), Purbba Radhanagar (
Radhanagore Radhanagore (also spelled Radhanagar) in the khanakul Town Arambagh subdivision of the Hooghly District of West Bengal, India. It is the birthplace of Raja Rammohun Roy. Located near Khanakul, it is approachable from Tarakeswar or Arambag. Mund ...
) (5,582) and Arunda (5,291). Other villages in Khanakul I CD Block include (2011 census figures in brackets):
Khanakul Khanakul is a town in Hooghly District in the state of West Bengal, India . Khanakul is the birth place of Raja Ramohon Roy. Khanakul is famous for Ratnavali Temple, Gopinath Temple, Radhavallabh Temple, Ghontashor Temple. Khanakul can be reach ...
(3,489), Paschim Radhanagar (2,417) and Langulpara (1,989).


Literacy

As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Khanakul I CD Block was 174,505 (77.73% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 97,387 (84.41% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 77,118 (70.66% of the female population over 6 years). The
gender disparity Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex determination occurs by the presence or absence of a Y in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. Phenotypic sex refers to an individual's sex as determined by the ...
(the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 13.76%. As per the 2001 census, Khanakul I block had a total literacy of 51 per cent. While male literacy was 74.52 per cent, female literacy was 40.10 per cent. See also –
List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate This is a list of districts in the Indian state of West Bengal ranked by literacy rate as per provisional data of 2011 census. With a literacy rate of 96.26% (male 90.69% and female 96.54%), above the national average of 90.04%, as per the 2011 Ce ...


Language and religion

As per the 2001 census, Bengali is the mother tongue for 86.4% of the population of the district followed by Hindi at 7.9%. Santali at 2.6% and Urdu at 2.0%, are the two other major languages spoken in the district. The population who reported Bengali as a mother tongue has decreased from 88.1% in 1961 to 86.4% in 2001 census whereas the population who reported Hindi as mother tongue has increased from 5.8% in 1961 to 7.9% in 2001 census. As per the 2011 census, majority of the population of the district belong to the Hindu community with a population share of 82.9% followed by Muslims at 15.8%. The percentage of the Hindu population of the district has followed a decreasing trend from 87.1% in 1961 to 82.9% in the latest census 2011. On the other hand, the percentage of Muslim population has increased from 12.7% in 1961 to 15.8% in 2011 census. In 2011 census Hindus numbered 254,434 and formed 75.96% of the population in Khanakul I CD Block. Muslims numbered 60,813 and formed 23.90% of the population. Others numbered 352 and formed 0.14% of the population.


Rural poverty

As per poverty estimates obtained from household survey for families living
below poverty line Below Poverty Line is a benchmark used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which vary from s ...
in 2005,
rural poverty Rural poverty refers to poverty in rural areas, including factors of rural society, rural economy, and political systems that give rise to the poverty found there.Janvry, A. de, E. Sadoulet, and R. Murgai. 2002“Rural Development and Rural Pol ...
in Khanakul I CD Block was 11.10%.


Economy


Livelihood

In Khanakul I CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 19.61%, agricultural labourers 34.83%, household industry workers 9.43% and other workers 36.14%.


Infrastructure

There are 93 inhabited villages in Khanakul I CD Block. 100% villages have power supply. 54 villages have more than one source of drinking water (tap, well, tube well, hand pump), 24 villages have only tube well/ borewell and 12 villages have only hand pump. 13 villages have post offices, 11 villages have sub post offices and 1 villages has a post and telegraph office. 63 villages have landlines, 61 villages have public call offices and 74 villages have mobile phone coverage. 16 villages have pucca roads and 31 villages have bus service (public/ private). 24 villages have agricultural credit societies, 18 villages have commercial/ co-operative banks and 1 village has bank ATM.


Agriculture

Some of the primary and other ''hats'' or markets in the Khanakul I CD Block are: Balpai, Bandipur hat, Dharampur market, Ghoshpara hat, Helan hat, Mayal hat, Polhat and Radhaballavpur hat. The
Tebhaga movement Tebhaga movement (1946–1947) was significant peasant agitation, initiated in Bengal by the All India Kisan Sabha of peasant front of the Communist Party of India. History At that time sharecroppers had contracted to give half of their harv ...
launched in 1946, in 24 Parganas district, aimed at securing for the share-croppers a better position within the existing land relation structure. Although the subsequent Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of
bargadar Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...
s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following
land reforms Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural ...
land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in Khanakul CD Block could be classified as follows:
bargadar Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...
s 16.68%, patta (document) holders 2.75%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 3.06%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 36.94% and agricultural labourers 40.57%. Khanakul I CD Block had 89 fertiliser depots, 33 seed stores and 70 fair price shops in 2013–14. In 2013–14, Khanakul I CD Block produced 3,263 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop from 1,513 hectares, 17,805 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 6,389 hectares, 6,025 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 2,544 hectares, 24 tonnes wheat from 10 hectares, 55,380 tonnes of jute from 2,600 hectares and 187,352 tonnes of potatoes from 11,426 hectares. It also produced oilseeds. In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in Khanakul I CD Block was 12,283 hectares, out of which 2,500 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 1,500 hectares by tank water, 2,210 hectares by river lift irrigation, 1,290 hectares by deep tube wells and 4,783 hectares by shallow tube wells.


Banking

In 2013–14, Khanakul I CD Block had offices of 10 commercial banks and 1
gramin bank Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) are government owned scheduled commercial banks of India that operate at regional level in different states of India. These banks are under the ownership of Ministry of Finance , Government of India. They were creat ...
.


Transport

Khanakul I CD Block has 14 ferry services and 7 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 20 km from CD Block headquarters.


Education

In 2013–14, Khanakul I CD Block had 175 primary schools with 16,735 students, 17 middle schools with 2,655 students, 13 high schools with 7,988 students and 14 higher secondary schools with 18,570 students. Khanakul I CD Block had 1 general colleges with 2,485 students, 1 technical/ professional institution with 91 students and 358 institutions for special and non-formal education with 11,498 students Raja Rammohan Roy Mahavidyalaya, a general degree college, was established at
Radhanagore Radhanagore (also spelled Radhanagar) in the khanakul Town Arambagh subdivision of the Hooghly District of West Bengal, India. It is the birthplace of Raja Rammohun Roy. Located near Khanakul, it is approachable from Tarakeswar or Arambag. Mund ...
in 1964. In Khanakul I CD Block, amongst the 93 inhabited villages, only 1 village had no school, 65 villages had more than 1 primary school, 47 villages had at least 1 primary school, 45 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 28 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.


Healthcare

In 2014, Khanakul I CD Block had 1 rural hospital, 3 primary health centre and 4 private nursing homes with total 95 beds and 5 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 40 family welfare subcentres. 25,279 patients were treated indoor and 251,364 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block. Khanakul I CD Block has Khanakul Rural Hospital (with 60 beds) at
Khanakul Khanakul is a town in Hooghly District in the state of West Bengal, India . Khanakul is the birth place of Raja Ramohon Roy. Khanakul is famous for Ratnavali Temple, Gopinath Temple, Radhavallabh Temple, Ghontashor Temple. Khanakul can be reach ...
, Ghoshpur Primary Health Centre at PO Pilkhan (with 10 beds), Tantisal PHC (with 10 beds) and Harimohan Golap Sundari PHC at PO Raghunathpur (with 4 beds). Khanakul I CD Block is one of the areas of Hooghly district where ground water is affected by high level of arsenic contamination. The
WHO Who or WHO may refer to: * Who (pronoun), an interrogative or relative pronoun * Who?, one of the Five Ws in journalism * World Health Organization Arts and entertainment Fictional characters * Who, a creature in the Dr. Seuss book ''Horton Hear ...
guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50 mg/ litre. In Hooghly district, 16 blocks have arsenic levels above WHO guidelines and 11 blocks above Indian standard value. The maximum concentration in Khanakul I CD Block is 390 mg/litre.


External links


References

{{Hooghly topics Community development blocks in Arambag subdivision