''Kamikaze Girls'', originally released in Japan as , is a 2002 Japanese
light novel
A light novel (, Hepburn: ''raito noberu'') is a style of young adult novel primarily targeting high school and middle school students. The term "light novel" is a '' wasei-eigo'', or a Japanese term formed from words in the English languag ...
written by
Novala Takemoto. The story centers on the friendship between two students named Momoko Ryugasaki and Ichigo "Ichiko" Shirayuri. These two are from completely different backgrounds: one is a
Lolita-fashioned girl and the other, her antithesis, is a (juvenile delinquent).
Viz Media
VIZ Media LLC is an American manga publisher, anime distributor and entertainment company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It was founded in 1986 as VIZ LLC. In 2005, VIZ LLC and ShoPro Entertainment merged to form the current VIZ M ...
licensed the novel for an English-language release in North America in 2006.
A
live-action
Live action (or live-action) is a form of cinematography or videography that uses photography instead of animation. Some works combine live-action with animation to create a live-action animated film. Live-action is used to define film, video ...
film adaptation of the novel directed by
Tetsuya Nakashima
Tetsuya Nakashima (中島哲也) (born 1959) is a Japanese film director and screenwriter.
He was born in Fukuoka, attending high school in Chikushino. His 2010 film '' Confessions'' was awarded Best Picture at the Japanese Academy Awards, wher ...
premiered in Japan in May 2004. It starred
Kyoko Fukada
is a very common feminine Japanese given name. Not to be confused with Kiyoko.
Possible writings
The final syllable "ko" is typically written with the kanji character for child, 子. It is a common suffix to female names in Japan.
The first s ...
as Momoko and
Anna Tsuchiya
is a Japanese singer, actress and semi-retired model. Since 2005, she is primarily known as a singer.[Oricon pr ...](_blank)
as Ichigo. It was filmed in the town of
Shimotsuma in
Ibaraki Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Ibaraki Prefecture has a population of 2,871,199 (1 June 2019) and has a geographic area of . Ibaraki Prefecture borders Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Tochigi Prefecture ...
in eastern Japan. Viz Media screened the film in select theaters in the United States in late 2005 under the title ''Kamikaze Girls''.
They released it on DVD with
hardcoded English subtitles in January 2006.
The DVD extras include the original Japanese movie trailers, an interview with the lead actors, and a music video featuring Anna Tsuchiya. Third Window Films released ''Kamikaze Girls'' on
Blu-ray
The Blu-ray Disc (BD), often known simply as Blu-ray, is a digital optical disc data storage format. It was invented and developed in 2005 and released on June 20, 2006 worldwide. It is designed to supersede the DVD format, and capable of st ...
in the United Kingdom in February 2010. The Blu-ray contains optional English subtitles, the same extras as the DVD, and the
short film
A short film is any motion picture that is short enough in running time not to be considered a feature film. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences defines a short film as "an original motion picture that has a running time of 40 minutes ...
''Birth of Unicorn Ryuji''.
A
manga series based on the novel was illustrated by Yukio Kanesada and serialized in
Shogakukan
is a Japanese publisher of dictionaries, literature, comics ( manga), non-fiction, DVDs, and other media in Japan.
Shogakukan founded Shueisha, which also founded Hakusensha. These are three separate companies, but are together called the H ...
's ''
Betsucomi
, known as before 2000, is a monthly Japanese manga magazine published by Shogakukan. It was conceived as a or "special issue" of its sister magazine '' Shōjo Comic''. It is released on the 13th of each month.
Serializations
Current
* ' ...
'' magazine in 2004. The chapters were later collected into a single (bound volume) published under Shogakukan's Flower Comics imprint. Viz Media licensed the manga for an English-language release in North America in 2006.
Plot
The book begins with Momoko talking about her life as a
lolita living in a small town in the Japanese countryside. She is the only lolita in her town and has no friends, but she doesn't care and believes that her lolita clothes are all she needs to make her happy. She is obsessed with getting clothes from
Baby, The Stars Shine Bright
is the name of a Japanese clothing brand created in 1988 by Akinori Isobe and his wife, Fumiyo. Baby, The Stars Shine Bright specializes in Lolita fashion. The company's flagship store, opened in 1999 in Daikanyamachō, Shibuya, was relocated t ...
, her favorite clothing boutique. When she runs out of money, she decides to sell some of her father's old
bootleg clothes. When Ichigo, a member of an all-girl biker gang finds out about the bootleg apparel, she decides to take a look and is easily impressed with them. She soon shows up at Momoko's house almost daily to buy things for the members of her gang. They become closer friends and embark on a journey to ''Baby, The Stars Shine Bright'', where Momoko meets the brand's designer. Because of her skill with embroidery, Momoko is recruited to embroider a dress. At a
pachinko
is a mechanical game originating in Japan that is used as an arcade game, and much more frequently for gambling. Pachinko fills a niche in Japanese gambling comparable to that of the slot machine in the West as a form of low-stakes, low-st ...
parlour, Ichigo meets a gangster with a pompadour and falls in love. However, she soon discovers that he is the fiancée of her gang leader.
Heartbroken by the loss of her first love and inspired by Momoko's independence, Ichigo plans to leave her gang. To do this, she accepts their "challenge," which involves a ritualistic beating. Momoko finds out about the challenge and goes to Ichigo's aid. After scaring the gang by pretending to be the daughter of a famous gangster, Momoko is considered the winner, and the two girls ride off laughing.
When it comes time for Momoko to show the designer her embroidery, she arrives on time and everyone loves her work. Ultimately, she decides she is happier wearing the clothing than making it. As for Ichigo, she is offered to work as a model for ''Baby, The Stars Shine Bright'' after she impresses a cameraman. On her first day of work, she leaves bruises on five of the crew members but nonetheless becomes sought after by other brands. The movie ends with an image of Momoko and Ichigo riding along the road and laughing.
Interpretation
Like most films, much film interpretation focuses on editing, sound, and ''mise-en''-scene elements characteristic of Nakashima's Japanese film style, with special focus on the clothing.
Framing
During the entire movie, the two main characters are framed on opposite sides of the shot, with the majority having Momo on the right side and Ichigo on the left—there is usually some visual barrier between them. When Momo offers to embroider Ichigo's jacket, it is the first such scene where Momo is the one to go through the barrier separating these two (in this scene: the doorframe). In the final battle scene, Momo for the first time crosses over the boundary separating the two, symbolizing their evolved relationship and having picked up part of Ichigo's aggressive personality for the first time.
Sound
Throughout Kamikaze Girls, Nakishima uses different sonic techniques to foreshadow and mirror how Ichigo and Momoko's personalities develop due to one another's influences. Timbre and energy in voice highlight how their personalities morph over the movie, discordance in sound highlights different personal catalysts for change in the girls’ lives, and the emotional effect of specifically silenced acoustic elements like sound or music add to the emotional impact of the girls’ respective transformations. There are three scenes in the movie that are good examples of this: the restaurant scene and Ichigo's backstories, the first pachinko visit's conclusion, and the final contrastive moment when Momo saves Ichigo.
The restaurant scene establishes sonic dissonance as a motif symbolizing change of personality (33:30). When Ichigo realizes she has had enough of the domestic
piano
The piano is a stringed keyboard instrument in which the strings are struck by wooden hammers that are coated with a softer material (modern hammers are covered with dense wool felt; some early pianos used leather). It is played using a keybo ...
and bullied independence as a child, she smashes the piano keys in a discordant way—continuing grating sobbing till Akimi picks her up, and establishes Ichigo's sense of identity. When Momo says how she really feels about the embroiderer's existence, Ichigo headbutts her into a disconcerting crash of silverware, creating a sense of discontinuity that hints to the non-existence of Himiko and inconsistency in Ichigo's stories. Jarring and disconcerting tones thus come to be associated with change and recur later with the gong.
The scene after Pachinko (43:23) continues to demonstrate Momoko's independent-mindedness and Ichigo's usual sense of justice through sound. From the start of the movie, Momoko's feminine squeals are overlaid with playful piano sounds, and Ichigo's gruff yelling is punctuated by motorcycle roaring and
rock music
Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as " rock and roll" in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s, developing into a range of different styles in the mid-1960s and later, particularly in the United States an ...
blasting, setting the stage for sound driven contrasts throughout the movie. In front of the pachinko parlor the first time, these qualities are exaggerated: Momo makes her voice even shriller and more mocking as she calls “Ichigo-san!” and Ichigo takes a gruffer tone and becomes more violent with her, eventually leading to a comedic
Foley kick and thud on the concrete.
Having defined these as the extremes of their personalities, it is a jarring shift when it swaps (1:28:01). In the late scene where Momo saves Ichigo, Momoko screams across three cuts when Ichigo's blood splatters on her, each time changing pitch as the camera cuts to a different distance, to emphasize the jarringness. Soon, her style and inner feelings are confirmed through the constant
Roccoco
Rococo (, also ), less commonly Roccoco or Late Baroque, is an exceptionally ornamental and theatrical style of architecture, art and decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colours, sculpted moulding, ...
-style piano in the background, while her exterior persona morphs to swing and scream at the gang. Loud gongs emphasize shocks in both the audience and the gang and create dissonance to doubly underscore the massive strength and selflessness that Momoko has finally picked up from Ichigo.
Through the film, sonic tools underpin audience realization of personality changes of Momo and Ichigo.
Dissonance is used as a tool to symbolize personality change, especially Ichigo becoming more independent during the restaurant scene. Voice timbres and pitches emphasize certain personality traits of the two girls, and both dissonance and timbres combine in the final battle to herald Momo's first major change in her act of support for Ichigo.
Media
Novel
Live-action film
Cast
*
Kyoko Fukada
is a very common feminine Japanese given name. Not to be confused with Kiyoko.
Possible writings
The final syllable "ko" is typically written with the kanji character for child, 子. It is a common suffix to female names in Japan.
The first s ...
as Momoko Ryugasaki
*
Anna Tsuchiya
is a Japanese singer, actress and semi-retired model. Since 2005, she is primarily known as a singer.[Oricon pr ...](_blank)
as Ichigo "Ichiko" Shirayuri
*
Hiroyuki Miyasako
is a Japanese comedian, television presenter, actor, voice actor and plays the boke in Ameagari Kesshitai. His partner is Tōru Hotoharu. He is represented by Yoshimoto Kogyo. Miyasako won the award for Best Supporting Actor at the 28th Hochi F ...
as Dame Oyaji, Momoko's father
*
Ryoko Shinohara as Saionji Midori, Momoko's mother
*
Kirin Kiki
(15 January 1943 – 15 September 2018) was a Japanese actress for Japanese cinema and television.
Biography
Kiki was born on January 15, 1943, in Kanda, Tokyo. Her father was a master of the ''biwa'' lute and a former police officer. Her moth ...
as Momoko's grandmother
*
Sadawo Abe as "Unicorn" Ryuji
*
Yoshinori Okada as Akinori Isobe
*
Eiko Koike
is a Japanese actress.
Biography
Koike starred in Kunitoshi Manda's film '' The Kiss''. She appeared in Kiyoshi Kurosawa's 2012 television drama '' Penance,'' and co-starred in Junji Sakamoto's ''A Chorus of Angels'' with Sayuri Yoshinaga. S ...
as Akimi, a gang member
*
Shin Yazawa as Miko, a gang member
*
Yoshiyoshi Arakawa as the grocery store manager
*
Katsuhisa Namase
is a Japanese actor, known primary for his roles in Japanese television dramas. His roles are often positions of authority, such as managers, principals, or police officers, but many of these characters also share a certain kookiness and incom ...
as the pachinko parlor manager
* Hirotaro Honda as a
yakuza
, also known as , are members of transnational organized crime syndicates originating in Japan. The Japanese police and media, by request of the police, call them , while the ''yakuza'' call themselves . The English equivalent for the ter ...
boss
Staff
* Director –
Tetsuya Nakashima
Tetsuya Nakashima (中島哲也) (born 1959) is a Japanese film director and screenwriter.
He was born in Fukuoka, attending high school in Chikushino. His 2010 film '' Confessions'' was awarded Best Picture at the Japanese Academy Awards, wher ...
* Director of Photography – Shoichi Ato
* Production Designer – Towako Kuwashima
* Animation – Yojiro Nishimura (
Studio 4°C
is a Japanese animation studio founded by Eiko Tanaka and Koji Morimoto in 1986. The name comes from the temperature at which water is most dense.
History
Studio 4 °C has produced numerous feature films, OVAs, and shorts. Early film t ...
)
* Music –
Yoko Kanno
is a Japanese composer, arranger and music producer best known for her work on the soundtracks of anime series, television series, live-action films, video games, and advertisements. She was born in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. She has wri ...
Manga
The manga adaptation of ''Kamikaze Girls'' was illustrated by Yukio Kanesada and serialized in
Shogakukan
is a Japanese publisher of dictionaries, literature, comics ( manga), non-fiction, DVDs, and other media in Japan.
Shogakukan founded Shueisha, which also founded Hakusensha. These are three separate companies, but are together called the H ...
's ''
Betsucomi
, known as before 2000, is a monthly Japanese manga magazine published by Shogakukan. It was conceived as a or "special issue" of its sister magazine '' Shōjo Comic''. It is released on the 13th of each month.
Serializations
Current
* ' ...
'' magazine in 2004. Shogakukan collected the chapters into a single (bound volume) and published it in June 2004. The manga's storyline is a condensed version of the original novel and only takes up about half of the volume; the latter half contains a bonus story in which Ichigo falls in love with the twin brother of the boy she loved in the novel.
Viz Media
VIZ Media LLC is an American manga publisher, anime distributor and entertainment company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It was founded in 1986 as VIZ LLC. In 2005, VIZ LLC and ShoPro Entertainment merged to form the current VIZ M ...
licensed the manga for an English-language release in North America.
A preview first appeared in the November 2005 issue of their ''
Shojo Beat
''Shojo Beat'' is a manga magazine formerly published in North America by Viz Media. Launched in June 2005 as a sister magazine for '' Shonen Jump'', it featured serialized chapters from six manga series, as well as articles on Japanese cult ...
'' magazine. Viz published the full volume on February 7, 2006.
Reception
Critical response
''Kamikaze Girls'' was awarded Best Film, Best Director, Best Actress, and two other awards at the
26th Yokohama Film Festival.
It also won Best Film and Best Director at the
14th Japan Film Professional Awards. For her performance in the film, Anna Tsuchiya was named Best New Actress at the
Awards of the Japanese Academy, the
Blue Ribbon Awards
The are film-specific prizes awarded solely by movie critics and writers in Tokyo, Japan.
The awards were established in 1950 by which is composed of film correspondents from seven Tokyo-based sports newspapers. In 1961, the six major Japanes ...
, and the
Hochi Film Award
The are film-specific prizes awarded by the ''Hochi Shimbun
, previously known as , is a Japanese-language daily sports newspaper. In 2002, it had a circulation of a million copies a day.
It is an affiliate newspaper of ''Yomiuri Shimbun''.
...
s.
Review aggregation
A review aggregator is a system that collects reviews of products and services (such as films, books, video games, software, hardware, and cars). This system stores the reviews and uses them for purposes such as supporting a website where users ...
website
Rotten Tomatoes
Rotten Tomatoes is an American review-aggregation website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by three undergraduate students at the University of California, Berkeley: Senh Duong, Patrick Y. Lee, and Stephen Wang ...
gives ''Kamikaze Girls'' an approval rating of 62%, based on 29 reviews, with an
average
In ordinary language, an average is a single number taken as representative of a list of numbers, usually the sum of the numbers divided by how many numbers are in the list (the arithmetic mean). For example, the average of the numbers 2, 3, 4, 7 ...
rating of 6.1/10.
The film also has a 56/100
average
In ordinary language, an average is a single number taken as representative of a list of numbers, usually the sum of the numbers divided by how many numbers are in the list (the arithmetic mean). For example, the average of the numbers 2, 3, 4, 7 ...
("mixed or average reviews") on the review aggregator
Metacritic
Metacritic is a website that aggregates reviews of films, TV shows, music albums, video games and formerly, books. For each product, the scores from each review are averaged (a weighted average). Metacritic was created by Jason Dietz, Marc ...
.
Box office
Released on May 29, 2004, ''Kamikaze Girls'' debuted at No. 4 on its opening weekend (behind ''
Crimson Rivers II'', ''
Troy
Troy ( el, Τροία and Latin: Troia, Hittite: 𒋫𒊒𒄿𒊭 ''Truwiša'') or Ilion ( el, Ίλιον and Latin: Ilium, Hittite: 𒃾𒇻𒊭 ''Wiluša'') was an ancient city located at Hisarlik in present-day Turkey, south-west of Ç ...
'', and ''
Crying Out Love in the Center of the World
is a 2004 Japanese drama film directed by Isao Yukisada and based on the novel ''Socrates in Love'' by Kyoichi Katayama. The story follows a man ( Takao Osawa) who returns to his hometown and listens to audio diaries recorded by his school swe ...
'').
References
External links
''Kamikaze Girls''at
Viz Media
VIZ Media LLC is an American manga publisher, anime distributor and entertainment company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It was founded in 1986 as VIZ LLC. In 2005, VIZ LLC and ShoPro Entertainment merged to form the current VIZ M ...
*
*
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*
{{Yokohama Film Festival Best Film
2000s fantasy comedy films
2002 Japanese novels
2004 comedy films
2004 films
2004 manga
Anime and manga based on light novels
Comedy-drama anime and manga
Films directed by Tetsuya Nakashima
Japanese comedy-drama films
Japanese teen films
Light novels
Lolita fashion
New People films
Shogakukan manga
Shōjo manga
Viz Media manga
Viz Media novels
Yankī anime and manga
2000s Japanese films