Kalambatritra Special Reserve is a
wildlife reserve
A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, or features of geological or o ...
in southern
Madagascar
Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...
. It is to the north of
Andohahela National Park
Andohahela National Park, in south-east Madagascar, is remarkable for the extremes of habitats that are represented within it. The park covers of the Anosy mountain range, the southernmost spur of the Malagasy Highlands and contains the last hum ...
, south-west of the
Manombo Special Reserve
Manombo Special Reserve is a wildlife reserve of Madagascar.
It is situated at the village Manombo, 27 km from Farafangana
Farafangana is a city (commune urbaine) on the south-east coast of Madagascar and capital of the Atsimo-Atsinanana ...
and contains many
endemic species
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...
, including forty-five endemic bird species.
Geography
This reserve is within the commune of
Begogo, in
Anosy Region
Anosy is one of the 22 regions of Madagascar. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the eastern side of what was once the Toliara Province. The name ''Anosy'' means "island(s)" in Malagasy.
Due to a strategic sea route running alo ...
and east of
Betroka
Betroka is a hilly city (commune urbaine) in the Anosy Region in southern Madagascar, and is the source of the Onilahy River.
It is situated at the Route nationale 13, Ihosy to Tolagnaro, at 118 km from Ihosy, 77 km from Isoanala and 203 km ...
. The Kalambatritra massif is a series of undulating hills and steep summits and is part of the
Antaivondro-Kalambatritra mountain chain. The many small streams feed the
Ionaivo,
Mananara and
Mandrare rivers.
The dominant ethnic group in the area is the
Bara people
The Bara people are a Malagasy ethnic group living in the southern part of the central plateaus of Madagascar, in the Toliara Province, concentrated around their historic capital at Ihosy. The Bara are the largest of the island's zebu-herding ...
.
Flora and fauna
The humid, evergreen forest is relatively undisturbed and divided into blocks with
savannahs of the coarse grass (''
Aristida imperata'') inbetween. Among the 699 species of plants so far recorded on the reserve, two
families
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Ideal ...
are endemic; the
Torricelliaceae
The Torricelliaceae are a family of trees native to Madagascar and southwest Asia. It contains three genera, ''Aralidium'', ''Melanophylla'' and ''Torricellia''. Under the APG II system, each of these genera was placed in its own family, but with ...
, including ''
Melanophylla alnifolia'' and the
Sarcolaenaceae
The Sarcolaenaceae are a family of flowering plants endemic to Madagascar. The family includes 79 species of mostly evergreen trees and shrubs in ten genera.
Recent DNA studies indicate that the Sarcolaenaceae are a sibling taxon to the family ...
including ''
Leptolaena pauciflora'', which, according to the
International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of nat ...
(IUCN) is an
endangered species on the
IUCN Red List
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biol ...
.
Seventy-four species of birds are known from the reserve, of which forty-five are endemic.
They are all listed as of
least concern
A least-concern species is a species that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as evaluated as not being a focus of species conservation because the specific species is still plentiful in the wild. T ...
except
Meller's duck
Meller's duck (''Anas melleri'') is a species of the dabbling duck genus ''Anas''. It is endemic to eastern Madagascar. Although a population was established on Mauritius in the mid-18th century, this is on the verge of extinction due to habitat ...
(''Anas melleri''), which is listed as
endangered
An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and in ...
and the
wedge-tailed jery
The wedge-tailed jery (''Hartertula flavoviridis'') is a small bird endemic to the east of Madagascar. The species has been the cause of some taxonomic confusion, it was originally placed with the jeries in the genus ''Neomixis'' (Cisticolidae) ...
(''Neomixis flavoviridis''),
Madagascar yellowbrow (''Crossleyia xanthophrys''),
Grey-crowned Tetraka (''Bernieria cinereiceps''),
Pollen's Vanga (''Xenopirostris polleni'') and
Rufous-headed ground roller (''Atelornis crossleyi'') which are all listed as
near threatened
A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify f ...
.
Lemurs
Lemurs ( ) (from Latin ''lemures'' – ghosts or spirits) are wet-nosed primates of the superfamily Lemuroidea (), divided into 8 families and consisting of 15 genera and around 100 existing species. They are endemic to the island of Madaga ...
found on the reserve are listed below.
Threats
Growing rice and cutting wood for construction and cooking are the main threats to the area.
See also
*
List of national parks of Madagascar
This list of national parks of Madagascar includes all officially recognized protected areas as of 2015. The protected areas network of Madagascar is managed by the Madagascar National Parks Association (PNM-ANGAP). The network includes three typ ...
References
External links
Kalambatritra Special Reserve
ex
{{authority control
1959 establishments in Madagascar
Anosy
Special reserves of Madagascar
Protected areas established in 1959
Madagascar subhumid forests
Important Bird Areas of Madagascar