Kaiser is a crater in the

Noachis quadrangle The Noachis quadrangle is one of a series of list of quadrangles on Mars, 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program. The Noachis quadrangle is also referred to as MC-27 (Mars Cha ...

Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Roman god of war. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin at ...

, located at 46.6° S and 340.9° W. It was named in 1973 after

Frederik Kaiser Frederik Kaiser (Amsterdam, 10 June 1808 – Leiden, 28 July 1872) was a Dutch astronomer. He was director of the Leiden Observatory from 1838 until his death. He is credited with the advancement of Dutch astronomy through his scientific c ...

, a Dutch astronomer (1808–1872). Debris flows have been observed on some of the dunes in this crater. Some researchers believe that they may be caused by liquid water. Liquid water could be stable for short periods of time in the summer in the southern hemisphere of Mars. These gully-like debris flows may be

denivation Niveo-aeolian or cryo-aeolian deposition is the process by which fine-grained sediments are transported by wind and deposited on or mixed with snow or ice. The wind sweeps the snow and sand grains into aeolian landforms such as ripples, and furt ...

features caused by small amounts of ice melting. The dunes have been observed multiple times at high resolution by

Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter ''Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter'' (MRO) is a spacecraft designed to study the geology and climate of Mars, provide reconnaissance of future landing sites, and relay data from surface missions back to Earth. It was launched on August 12, 2005, an ...

and are actively eroding in the present day.Active Dune Gullies in Kaiser Crater
HiRISE Science Team (1 April 2012) Within Kaiser is the small crater

Moni Moni or Mone ( Kamkata-vari: ''Mone''/''Mune''), also known as Mandi (from Prasun) was, after Imra, the second-most important god in the pre-Islamic pantheon of the Nuristani people. With his breath, Imra created Moni and Gish. Moni was believe ...

Images

Russellcratermap.jpg, Topographical map showing location of Kaiser Crater and other nearby craters Kaiser crater 094a42.jpg,

Viking Orbiter The ''Viking'' program consisted of a pair of identical American space probes, ''Viking 1'' and ''Viking 2'', which landed on Mars in 1976. Each spacecraft was composed of two main parts: an orbiter designed to photograph the surface of Mars f ...

image of Kaiser Kaiser crater THEMIS footprint.jpg, Kaiser (large crater in upper part of image); context for THEMIS image. Kaiser Crater.jpg, Detail of south wall of Kaiser, daytime

infrared Infrared (IR), sometimes called infrared light, is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with wavelengths longer than those of visible light. It is therefore invisible to the human eye. IR is generally understood to encompass wavelengths from around ...

, imaged by the

Thermal Emission Imaging System The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) is a camera on board the 2001 Mars Odyssey orbiter. It images Mars in the visible and infrared parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in order to determine the thermal properties of the surface and to ...

on board the

2001 Mars Odyssey ''2001 Mars Odyssey'' is a robotic spacecraft orbiting the planet Mars. The project was developed by NASA, and contracted out to Lockheed Martin, with an expected cost for the entire mission of US$297 million. Its mission is to use ...

orbiter. Kaiser Crater - color altimetry - barchan dune.jpg, Digital terrain model of a barchan dune in Kaiser showing slip face avalanche features.

References

External links

*
Kaiser Craterdirect link

High resolution video
by Seán Doran of overflight of a small crater within Kaiser Noachis quadrangle Impact craters on Mars {{crater-stub

Images

See also

References

External links