Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovski, anglicized as Cyril Grigoryevich Razumovski (russian: Кирилл Григорьевич Разумовский, uk, Кирило Григорович Розумовський ''Kyrylo Hryhorovych Rozumovsky''; 18 March 1728 – 1 January 1803) was a

Russian Imperial The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The ...

statesman of Ukrainian Cossack descent, who served as the last Hetman of Zaporozhian Host on both sides of the

Dnieper } The Dnieper () or Dnipro (); , ; . is one of the major transboundary rivers of Europe, rising in the Valdai Hills near Smolensk, Russia, before flowing through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea. It is the longest river of Ukraine and B ...

(from 1750 until 1764) and then as a Field marshal in the

Russian Imperial Army The Imperial Russian Army (russian: Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия, tr. ) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian Ar ...

. Razumovsky was the President of the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences from 1746 until 1798.

Biography

Razumovsky was born to a family of low rank Cossack Hryhoriy Rozum in Lemeshi Russian Empire,

Kiev Regiment Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the seventh-most populous city in Europe. Kyi ...

on 18 March 1728.Putro, O.
Kyrylo Rozumovsky (РОЗУМОВСЬКИЙ КИРИЛО ГРИГОРОВИЧ)
'. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. The village Lemeshi where Razumovsky was born to this day stands in

Chernihiv Raion Chernihiv Raion ( uk, Чернігівський район) is a raion (district) of Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is the city of Chernihiv. Population: On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of ...

Chernihiv Oblast Chernihiv Oblast ( uk, Черні́гівська о́бласть, translit=Chernihivska oblast; also referred to as Chernihivshchyna, uk, Черні́гівщина, translit=Chernihivshchyna) is an oblast (province) of northern Ukraine. T ...

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

. From 1743 to 1744 Kirill Razumovsky incognito attended the

University of Göttingen The University of Göttingen, officially the Georg August University of Göttingen, (german: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, known informally as Georgia Augusta) is a public research university in the city of Göttingen, Germany. Founded ...

. Razumovsky's adjutant in his journey to Germany was

Grigory Teplov Grigory Nikolayevich Teplov (russian: Григорий Николаевич Теплов; 20 November 1717 in Pskov, Tsardom of Russia – 30 March 1779 in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian Imperial philosopher, composer, historia ...

. Teplov wielded influence over

Little Russia Little Russia (russian: Малороссия/Малая Россия, Malaya Rossiya/Malorossiya; uk, Малоросія/Мала Росія, Malorosiia/Mala Rosiia), also known in English as Malorussia, Little Rus' (russian: Малая Ру� ...

in his capacity as the secretary and advisor to Kirill Razumovsky (whose cousin he married). Razumovsky was appointed President of the

Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across t ...

when he just turned 18 years old due to the influence of his brother, Aleksey Razumovsky, the morganatic husband of Empress Elisabeth of Russia. In 1750, Razumovsky was elected and subsequently appointed

Hetman of Zaporizhian Host The Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host ( uk, Гетьман Війська Запорозького, la, Cosaccorum Zaporoviesium Supremus Belli Dux) was the head of state of the Cossack Hetmanate in what is now Ukraine. The office was disestablishe ...

, a title he held until

Catherine II of Russia , en, Catherine Alexeievna Romanova, link=yes , house = , father = Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst , mother = Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp , birth_date = , birth_name = Princess Sophie of Anhal ...

abolished this title in 1764, in exchange Razumovsky was granted a rank of Field marshal of Russian Army in 1764. During his service as Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, Baturin was re-established as residence of Hetman and Razumovsky had opulent baroque palaces erected both in Baturin as well as in Glukhov by the imperial architect

Andrey Kvasov Andrey Vasilievich Kvasov (russian: Андрей Васильевич Квасов, ca. 1720 – ca. 1770) was a notable Baroque architect who worked in Tsardom of Russia including the territory of Ukraine. Very little is known about his life ...

and Charles Cameron. Together with

he also planned to open a

university A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...

in Baturin. Kirill Razumovsky died in January 1803 in Baturin, where he was interred according to his wishes without any pomp, in stark contrast to his rather flamboyant lifestyle. Kirill married Yekaterina Naryshkina and had five sons, of whom Count Aleksey Kirillovich Razumovsky (1748-1822) was the Minister of Education in 1810–16, and Prince

Andrey Razumovsky Count (later Prince) Andrey Kirillovich Razumovskyrussian: Андре́й Кири́ллович Разумо́вский, , german: Andreas von Rasumofsky (2 November 1752 – 23 September 1836) was a Russian Imperial diplomat who spent man ...

(1752-1836) was the Russian plenipotentiary ambassador in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

in the years of the Congress 1814–1815. However, Andrey has become better known for his role as patron of Ludwig van Beethoven who dedicated three String Quartets, Op.59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the 5th and 6th Symphonies to him. Any living descendants in the male line of Kirill Razumovsky arise from the progeniture of his fourth son Gregory Razumovsky (1759-1837), who had to emigrate to Western Europe and acquired relative fame as natural scientist and member of a number of distinguished scientific societies in Austria, Prussia and Switzerland.

Arms

Memory

*On Day of Unity of Ukraine in 2009 was solemnly presented a monument "The Hetmans. The Prayer for Ukraine". This monument immortalises five

hetmans ( uk, гетьман, translit=het'man) is a political title from Central and Eastern Europe, historically assigned to military commanders. Used by the Czechs in Bohemia since the 15th century. It was the title of the second-highest military co ...

- Demian Ihnatovych, Ivan Samoilovych,

Ivan Mazepa Ivan Stepanovych Mazepa (also spelled Mazeppa; uk, Іван Степанович Мазепа, pl, Jan Mazepa Kołodyński; ) was a Ukrainian military, political, and civic leader who served as the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host in 1687–1708. ...

Pylyp Orlyk Pylyp Stepanovych Orlyk ( uk, Пилип Степанович Орлик, pl, Filip Orlik; October 11 (21), 1672 – May 26, 1742) was a Zaporozhian Cossack starshyna, Hetman of Ukraine in exile, diplomat, secretary and close associate of Hetman ...

and Kirill Razumovsky - in

Baturyn Baturyn ( uk, Бату́рин, ), is a historic city in Chernihiv Oblast (province) of northern Ukraine. It is located in Nizhyn Raion (district) on the banks of the Seym River. Baturyn lost its city status in 1923 and received it back only in 2 ...

, Chernihiv Region. The Hetmans. The Prayer for Ukraine monument.

'

Literature

* ''Maria Razumovsky.'' Die Rasumovskys: eine Familie am Zarenhof. Köln 1998. — 300 S.

References

External links

Kyrylo Rozumovsky
at the

Encyclopedia of Ukraine The ''Encyclopedia of Ukraine'' ( uk, Енциклопедія українознавства, translit=Entsyklopediia ukrainoznavstva), published from 1984 to 2001, is a fundamental work of Ukrainian Studies. Development The work was creat ...

Kyrylo Rozumovsky
at the Jurist Encyclopedia
Palace's secrets. Kirill Razumovskiy, the Last Hetman
Kultura TV Channel (Russia). * Koliada, I; Milko, V.

'. "Folio".
Kyrylo Rozumovsky
Ukrainians in the World. * Soroka, Yu.

'. {{DEFAULTSORT:Razumovski, Kirill 1728 births 1803 deaths People from Chernihiv Oblast People from Kiev Governorate (1708–1764) Ukrainian people in the Russian Empire People from the Cossack Hetmanate University of Göttingen alumni Hetmans of Zaporizhian Host Field marshals of Russia

Kirill Kirill is a male given name, deriving from the Greek name Κύριλλος (Kyrillos) which in turn derives from Greek κύριος (kyrios) "lord". There are many variant forms of the name: Cyril, Cyrill, Kyrill, Kiryl, Kirillos, Kyryl, Kiril, Ky ...

Torbanists Full members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences 18th-century Ukrainian people Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 4th class Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 3rd class Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)