Kuvshinovo (russian: Кувши́ново) is a
town
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an ori ...
and the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
of
Kuvshinovsky District in
Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast (russian: Тверска́я о́бласть, ''Tverskaya oblast'', ), from 1935 to 1990 known as Kalinin Oblast (), is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inh ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
, located on the
Osuga, from
Tver
Tver ( rus, Тверь, p=tvʲerʲ) is a city and the administrative centre of Tver Oblast, Russia. It is northwest of Moscow. Population:
Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in the Russian ...
, the administrative center of the
oblast
An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdo ...
. Population:
History
The
selo of Kamenka (russian: Каменка), the predecessor of Kuvshinovo, was first mentioned in 1646.
In the course of the
administrative reform carried out in 1708 by
Peter the Great, it was included into
Ingermanlandia Governorate (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate (Pre-reformed rus, Новгоро́дская губе́рнія, r=Novgorodskaya guberniya, p=ˈnofɡərətskəjə ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə, t=Government of Novgorod), was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Ru ...
split off. In 1775,
Tver Viceroyalty
Tver Viceroyalty (russian: link=no, Тверское наместничество, ''Tverskoye namestnichestvo'') was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1775 until 1796. Its seat was in Tver. In 1796, it was tran ...
was formed from the lands which previously belonged to
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
and Novgorod Governorates, and the area was transferred to Tver Viceroyalty, which in 1796 was transformed to
Tver Governorate
Tver Governorate (russian: Тверская губерния, ''Tverskaya guberniya'') was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its seat was in Tver. The governo ...
. Kamenka belonged to
Novotorzhsky Uyezd
Novotorzhsky Uyezd was an administrative-territorial unit (uyezd) of the Tver Governorate as part of the Russian Empire and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The uyezd town was Torzhok.
Geography
The county was located in the cen ...
(with the center in Torzhok).
In the 18th century, a paper mill was opened close to Kamenka. In 1869, merchant
Mikhail Kuvshinov bought the mill and considerably expanded it. The mill became known as the Kuvshinov Paper Mill. In 1912, a railway from Torzhok was completed, and the new station next to Kamenka was opened. The station was named Kuvshinovo, after the mill. Eventually, a settlement around the station developed, also with the name Kuvshinovo.
On 1 October 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Kamensky District with the administrative center in Kuvshinovo was established. It belonged to
Rzhev Okrug
Rzhev ( rus, Ржев, p=ˈrʐɛf) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Staritsa and from Tver, on the highway and railway connecting Moscow and Riga. It is the uppermost town situated on the Volga River. Population:
Histo ...
of
Western Oblast
Western Oblast (russian: Западная область, ''Zapadnaya oblast'') was an ''oblast'' (a first-level administrative and municipal unit) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1937. Its seat was in the city ...
.
On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On January 29, 1935
Kalinin Oblast
Tver Oblast (russian: Тверска́я о́бласть, ''Tverskaya oblast'', ), from 1935 to 1990 known as Kalinin Oblast (), is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inh ...
was established, and Kamensky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.
In 1938, the selo of Kamenka and the settlement of Kuvshinovo were merged into the town of Kuvshinovo.
In February 1963, during the abortive administrative reform by
Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (– 11 September 1971) was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and chairman of the country's Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. During his rule, Khrushchev s ...
, Novotorzhsky, Likhoslavlsky, and Kamensky Districts were merged into a new district which was called
Torzhoksky District
Torzhoksky District (russian: Торжо́кский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district ( raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Spirovsky ...
. On January 12, 1965 Kuvshinovsky District (which occupied the same area as the former Kamensky District) was re-established.
In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the
framework of administrative divisions, Kuvshinovo serves as the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
of
Kuvshinovsky District.
As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Kuvshinovsky District as Kuvshinovo
Urban Settlement
An Urban settlement is a concentrated settlement that is part of an urban area. It is an area with high density of human-created structures.
*Municipal urban settlement, a type of subdivision such as Cape town in Western Cape
*Urban settlement, ...
.
[Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #33-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Kuvshinovsky Municipal District, lists the town of Kuvshinovo as a part and the administrative center of Kuvshinovo Urban Settlement of that district.] As a
municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Kuvshinovsky Municipal District.
[Law #33-ZO]
Economy
Industry
The main industry branch in Kuvshinovo is paper production.
The Kuvshinovo Paper Mill (built in the 19th century by merchant Kuvshinov, hence the name) was producing paper until the 1990s, and then the local timber production stopped, and the mill had to switch to cardboard production.
Transportation
A railway line which connects
Likhoslavl
Likhoslavl (russian: Лихосла́вль) is a town and the administrative center of Likhoslavlsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Moscow–St. Petersburg Railway, northwest of Tver, the administrative center of the obl ...
with
Soblago via
Torzhok
Torzhok (russian: Торжо́к) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Tvertsa River along the federal highway M10 and a branch of the Oktyabrskaya Railway division of the Russian Railways. The town is famous for its folk craft of ...
and
Selizharovo
Selizharovo (russian: Селижа́рово) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Selizharovsky District of Tver Oblast, Russia situated at the confluence of the Selizharovka and Volga Rivers. Populati ...
passes Kuvshinovo. It is served by infrequent passenger traffic.
A road connecting Torshok with
Ostashkov
Ostashkov (russian: Оста́шков) is a town and the administrative center of Ostashkovsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, on a peninsula at the southern shore of Lake Seliger, west of Tver, the administrative center of the oblast. Populat ...
runs through Kuvshinovo. Another road connects Kuvshinovo with
Vyshny Volochyok
Vyshny VolochyokThe more-regular spelling Vyshny Volochok ( rus, Вы́шний Волочо́к)—with instead of after an unpaired " hush consonant"—is seen but is not official; the two spellings are pronounced the same in Russian. ( rus, ...
via
Yesenovichi. There are local roads as well, with the bus traffic originating from Kuvshinovo.
Culture and recreation
Kuvshinovo has three objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. All of them are the remains of the former Kuvshinov Estate. The town has a local museum as well.
References
Notes
Sources
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*
*
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Cities and towns in Tver Oblast
Novotorzhsky Uyezd
Monotowns in Russia