The Kutubuan languages are a small family of neighboring languages families in
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i ...
.
They are named after
Lake Kutubu
Lake Kutubu is the second-largest lake in Papua New Guinea,[Lake Kutubu](_blank)
at Ramsar site after Papuan Gulf
The Gulf of Papua is located in the southern coast region of New Guinea. It has a total surface area of .
Geography
Some of New Guinea's largest rivers, such as the Fly River, Turama River, Kikori River, Purari River, and Wawoi River flow ...
stock.
Within the two branches, the lexicostatistical figures are 60–70%. Between the two branches, they are 10–20%.
*
East Kutubuan
**
Foe,
Fiwaga
*
West Kutubuan
**
Fasu
Fasu, also known as Namo Me, is one of the Kutubuan languages of New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwe ...
,
Some,
Namumi
Proto-language
Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are:
[Timothy Usher, New Guinea World]
Proto–Lake Kutubu
/ref>
:
Vocabulary comparison
The following basic vocabulary words are from Franklin (1975), Franklin & Voorhoeve (1973), McElhanon and Voorhoeve (1970), and Shaw (1986), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:
:
Evolution
Proposed Kutubu reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:
Foi language:
* ‘carry on back’ < *
* ‘die’ < *
* ‘eat’ < *
* ‘leg’ < *
* ‘neck’ < *
* ‘tree’ < *
* ‘wind’ < *
* ‘bird’ < *
* ‘mother’s sister’ < * ‘older same sex sibling’
Fasu language:
* ‘die’ < *
* ‘eat’ < *
* ‘stand’ <
* ‘mother’ < *
* ‘father’ < *
* ‘heart, stomach’ < *
* ‘hair’ < *
* ‘leg’ < *
* ‘shoulder’ < *
* ‘skin’ < *
* ‘hand’ < *
* ‘urine’ < *
* ‘make the law’ < * ‘instructions’
* ‘long’ < *
* ‘husband’ < *
* ‘mother’s sister’ < * ‘older same sex sibling’
* ‘tree’ < *
* ‘sand’ < *
* ‘wind’ < *
References
External links
* Timothy Usher, New Guinea World
Proto–Lake Kutubu
{{Papuan languages
Languages of Southern Highlands Province
Kikorian languages