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() is an old form of
German-language German ( ) is a West Germanic language mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol. It is also a c ...
handwriting based on late medieval
cursive Cursive (also known as script, among other names) is any style of penmanship in which characters are written joined in a flowing manner, generally for the purpose of making writing faster, in contrast to block letters. It varies in functionalit ...
writing, also known as ("cursive script"), ("German script") and ''German cursive''. Over the history of its use into the first part of the 20th century, many individual letters acquired variant forms. German writers used both cursive styles, and
Latin cursive Roman cursive (or Latin cursive) is a form of handwriting (or a script (styles of handwriting), script) used in ancient Rome and to some extent into the Middle Ages. It is customarily divided into old (or ancient) cursive and new cursive. Old Ro ...
, in parallel: location, contents, and context of the text determined which script style to use. is a modern script based on that is characterized by simplified letters and vertical strokes. It was developed in 1911 and taught in all German schools as the primary script from 1935 until the beginning of January 1941. Then it was replaced with ("normal German handwriting"), which is sometimes referred to as "Latin writing".


Lettering examples

File:Lessing Kleist-Brief.jpg, Letter from
Lessing Lessing is a German surname of Slavic origin, originally ''Lesnik'' meaning "woodman". Lessing may refer to: A German family of writers, artists, musicians and politicians who can be traced back to a Michil Lessigk mentioned in 1518 as being a lin ...
to
Kleist Kleist, or von Kleist, is a surname. von Kleist: *August von Kleist (1818–1890), Prussian Major General *Conrad von Kleist (1839-1900), German politician (German Conservative Party), member of Reichstag *Ewald Georg von Kleist (ca. 1700–1748), ...
, 14 March 1758 File:Schein und Sein.jpg, Manuscript by
Wilhelm Busch Heinrich Christian Wilhelm Busch (14 April 1832 – 9 January 1908) was a German humorist, poet, illustrator, and painter. He published wildly innovative illustrated tales that remain influential to this day. Busch drew on the tropes of f ...
(undated, late 19th century) File:Bielsko-Biała Teatr Polski 004.JPG, Example from a book published in 1905 File:Paul Simmel - Das Kind und der Krieg,1916.jpg, script used for text in a 1916 children's book File:Staedt.Kinderheim-01.jpg, Signage on a municipal children's home (''Städtisches Kinderheim'') in in 2006 File:Kurrent Note.jpg, A handwritten restaurant order in from the 1920s File:Vos-essentials-of-german-p294-raw.png, script from a 1903–14 primer on German, the 26 letters, ligatures, start of sample text File:Vos-essentials-of-german-p295-raw.png, script from a 1903–14 primer on German, the rest of the sample text File:Jul-Greg-George-II-1750.tif, Final paragraph of a German contract from 1750 signed by
George II George II or 2 may refer to: People * George II of Antioch (seventh century AD) * George II of Armenia (late ninth century) * George II of Abkhazia (916–960) * Patriarch George II of Alexandria (1021–1051) * George II of Georgia (1072–1089) * ...
, King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover. It contains a mixture of and 'Latin font' scripts. File:Letter to George Stier.png, Handwritten letter 1792


See also

*
Antiqua–Fraktur dispute The Antiqua–Fraktur dispute was a typography, typographical dispute in 19th- and early 20th-century Germany. In most European countries, blackletter typefaces like the German Fraktur were displaced with the creation of the Antiqua (typeface ...
*
Blackletter Blackletter (sometimes black letter), also known as Gothic script, Gothic minuscule, or Textura, was a script used throughout Western Europe from approximately 1150 until the 17th century. It continued to be commonly used for the Danish, Norweg ...
* Fraktur (script)


References


External links


German handwriting Schrift
Overview and examples of by N. A. Powell
German language page about , with history of German cursive handwriting and

Another version, by Lars Erik Bryld, called Manu Gothica



More information about German

Kurrent-Schreibmaschine – Old German typewriter
An online assistant for better reading Kurrent ; In German Wikipedia * (letter ''ß'') * handwriting * handwriting {{List of writing systems Blackletter German orthography Palaeography Penmanship Western calligraphy