Kurundvad Senior, also spelt as 'Kurundwad', was one of two
Maratha
The Marathi people (Marathi: मराठी लोक) or Marathis are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are indigenous to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-Aryan language. Maharashtra was formed as a M ...
princely state
A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj, British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, ...
s during the
British Raj
The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent;
*
* it is also called Crown rule in India,
*
*
*
*
or Direct rule in India,
* Quote: "Mill, who was himsel ...
: '
Kurundvad Junior
Kurundvad Junior, also spelt as 'Kurundwad', was of two Maratha Empire, Maratha princely states during the British Raj: 'Kurundvad Senior' and Kurundvad Junior. The two states separated in 1854 and less than a century later, on 8 March 1948, both ...
' and Kurundvad Senior. The two states separated in 1854 and less than a century later, on 8 March 1948, both states acceded to the
Indian Union Union of India or Indian Union may refer to:
* The country of India
* Dominion of India (1947–1950)
* The Government of India, whose legal name is "Union of India" as per Article 300 of the Indian constitution
* Political integration of India
...
.
Kurundvad Senior State was administered as part of the
Deccan States Agency of the
Bombay Presidency
The Bombay Presidency or Bombay Province, also called Bombay and Sind (1843–1936), was an administrative subdivision (province) of British India, with its capital in the city that came up over the seven islands of Bombay. The first mainl ...
. Its capital was at
Kurundvad
Kurundwad is a town on the banks of the Panchganga river, 55 km from Kolhapur (Kolhapur district) in the Indian state of Maharashtra.
Geography
It is in the southern part of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is 55 km from the dist ...
a small town by the
Panchganga river in
Kolhapur district. The surface of was 479 km
2, larger than Kurundvad Junior; its population in 1881 was 35,187 and by 1901 it reached 42,474 inhabitants, of which 34,000 were Hindu, 4,500 Muslim and 3,500 Jain.
History
The predecessor of the two states, Kurundvad State, was founded in 1733 following a grant by the Maratha
Peshwa
The Peshwa (Pronunciation: e(ː)ʃʋaː was the appointed (later becoming hereditary) prime minister of the Maratha Empire of the Indian subcontinent. Originally, the Peshwas served as subordinates to the Chhatrapati (the Maratha king); later, ...
to Trimbakrao Patwardhan. A first division occurred in 1811. In 1819, Kurundvad State became a
British protectorate.
On 5 April 1854, Kurundvad State split into a Senior Branch and a Junior Branch. Although they held different territories, the capital, Kurundvad, was shared between the two states. The territory of both was widely scattered, forming
enclave
An enclave is a territory (or a small territory apart of a larger one) that is entirely surrounded by the territory of one other state or entity. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is sometimes used improperly to deno ...
s within other native states and
British districts. Kurundvad Senior retained 37 villages. The greater part of the state was formed by 25 villages located south of
Belgaum
Belgaum (ISO 15919, ISO: ''Bēḷagāma''; also Belgaon and officially known as Belagavi) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka located in its northern part along the Western Ghats. It is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous ...
. Another 10 villages were located in the valley of the
Kistna river, mostly dispersed with swathes of
British territory in between, but a few of these villages were also located within the
Sangli
Sangli () is a city and the district headquarters of Sangli District in the state of Maharashtra, in western India. It is known as the Turmeric City of Maharashtra due to its production and trade of the spice. Sangli is situated on the banks o ...
,
Kolhapur
Kolhapur () is a city on the banks of the Panchganga River in the southern part of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the administrative headquarter of the Kolhapur district. In, around 2 C.E. Kolapur's name was 'Kuntal'.
Kolhapur is kn ...
and
Miraj States. The remaining two villages were particularly isolated from the rest of the princely state. These were the villages of
Tikota
Tikota is a taluka place in the southern state of Karnataka, India.Village code= 192000 Tikota, Bijapur, Karnataka It is located in the Bijapur District in Karnataka.
Demographics
India census, Tikota is a large village located in Bijapur ...
(an enclave in
Bijapur District, now in
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as Mysore State , it was renamed ''Karnat ...
) and
Wategaon
Wategaon is a town in Sangli district, Maharashtra, India. Wategaon (pop. 4,255) is a village in walva taluka lying 16 km (ten miles) west of Islampur and 9.65 km (six miles) north-west of Peth. It was once an alienated village and was ...
village (an enclave in
Satara District, now in
Maharashtra
Maharashtra (; , abbr. MH or Maha) is a states and union territories of India, state in the western India, western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. Maharashtra is the List of states and union te ...
) both separated from the rest of the territory.
Rulers
The rulers of the state belonged to the Patwardhan dynasty and bore the title 'Rao'.
Princely States of India
/ref>
*1733 – 1771 Trimbakrao I "Appa Sahib" Patwardhan (d. 1771)
*1771 – 3 March 1771 Nilkanthrao "Dada Sahib" Patwardhan (b. 1726 – d. 1771), son of Trimbakrao I
*1771 – 1801 Raghunathrao I "Dada Sahib" Patwardhan (b. 1750 – d. 1801), son of Nilkanthrao
*1801 – 18.. Trimbakrao II "Appa Sahib" Patwardhan, (years of rule unknown), son of Raghunathrao I
*18.. – 1827 Keshavrao "Baba Sahib" Patwardhan (b. ... – d. 1827), son of Trimbakrao II
*1827 – 1876 Raghunathrao II "Dada Sahib" Patwardhan (b. 1812 – d. 1876), son of Keshavrao
*25 Jan 1876 – 16 February 1908 Chintamanrao I "Bala Sahib" Patwardhan (b. 1849 – d. 1908), son of Raghunathrao II
*16 Feb 1908 – 10 September 1927 Bhalchandrarao "Anna Sahib" Patwardhan (b. 1873 – d. 1927), son of Chintamanrao I
*1927 – 1942 (regency) Sitabai Bhalchandrarao Patwardhan "Mai Sahib" (b. 1901 – d. 1969), wife of Bhalchandrarao and mother of Chintamanrao II
*1942 – 8 March 1948 Chintamanrao II "Bala Sahib" Patwardhan (b. 1921 – d. 1980), son of Bhalchandrarao
On 8 March 1948, the state acceded to India. Titular rulers of Kurundwad Senior in independent India have been:
*8 March 1948 – 15 January 1980 Chintamanrao II "Bala Sahib" Patwardhan (b. 1921 – d. 1980), son of Bhalchandrarao
*15 Jan 1980 – Present Bhalchandrarao II Chintamanrao Patwardhan (b. 1953)
The heir to the throne is Raghunathrao Bhalchandrarao Patwardhan (b. 1988), only son of the incumbent
See also
* Maratha Empire
The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern Indian confederation that came to dominate much of the Indian subcontinent in the 18th century. Maratha rule formally began in 1674 with the coronation of Shi ...
* List of Maratha dynasties and states
* Political integration of India
After the Indian independence in 1947, the dominion of India was divided into two sets of territories, one under direct British rule, and the other under the suzerainty of the British Crown, with control over their internal affairs remaining i ...
References
{{Coord, 16, 41, N, 74, 38, E, region:IN-KN_type:city_source:kolossus-cawiki, display=title
Princely states of Maharashtra
History of Maharashtra
Bombay Presidency
Kolhapur district
ca:Kurundwad