The was a class of

electric multiple unit An electric multiple unit or EMU is a multiple-unit train consisting of self-propelled carriages using electricity as the motive power. An EMU requires no separate locomotive, as electric traction motors are incorporated within one or a numbe ...

(EMU)

railroad car A railroad car, railcar (American and Canadian English), railway wagon, railway carriage, railway truck, railwagon, railcarriage or railtruck (British English and UIC), also called a train car, train wagon, train carriage or train truck, is a ...

s formerly used by the

Japanese National Railways The abbreviated JNR or , was the business entity that operated Japan's national railway network from 1949 to 1987. Network Railways As of June 1, 1949, the date of establishment of JNR, it operated of narrow gauge () railways in all 46 pref ...

(JNR). These are EMU

power car In rail transport, the expression power car may refer to either of two distinct types of rail vehicle: *a vehicle that propels, and commonly also controls, a passenger train, multiple unit or tram, often as the lead vehicle; *a vehicle equipped ...

s of length with a driver's cab at each end, three passenger doors on each side, and lengthwise bench-type passenger seating. The cars themselves were built in the later 1920s and 1930s for JNR's predecessor, the

Japanese Government Railways The Japanese Government Railways (JGR) was the national railway system directly operated by the Japanese Ministry of Railways ( ja, 鉄道省, Tetsudō-shō, ) until 1949. It was a predecessor of Japanese National Railways and the later Japan Rai ...

(JGR), but the class, originally named , was established on 1 June 1953 by a JNR revision of its rolling stock classification regulations. In June 1959, a new JNR classification revision assigned the code to all cab-equipped power cars, giving the KuMoHa 12 class its present name. When the MoHa 12 class was formed in 1953, it consisted of 13 cars of the old JGR dual-cab class. Over time, additional cars were added by remodeling related old JGR classes, for an eventual total of 33 cars.

List of cars

The various KuMoHa 12 cars have the following origins: * 12000–12003 - Built in 1933 as dual-cab MoHa 34 cars. * 12010–12018 - Built in 1929-1930 as single-cab cars, then remodeled in 1950–1951 with dual cabs as MoHa 34 cars. * 12019–12027 - Built in 1929-1931 as single-cab MoHa 31 cars and reclassified in 1953 as series 200. Remodeled in 1958 as dual-cab MoHa 12 cars. * 12030–12032 - Built in 1939-1941 as single-cab cars and reclassified in 1953 as MoHa 11 series 400. Remodeled in 1958 as dual-cab MoHa 12 cars. * 12040 - Built in 1926 as a single-cab car and reclassified in 1953 as a MoHa 11 series 100. Remodeled in 1960 as a dual-cab KuMoHa 12 car. * 12041 - Built in 1927 as a single-cab MoHa 30, remodeled in 1953 as a cabless , and remodeled again in 1964 as tractor car 22112. Converted in 1987 to a KuMoHa 12 for special-event passenger service by

JR Central is the main railway company operating in the Chūbu (Nagoya) region of central Japan. It is officially abbreviated in English as JR Central and in Japanese as JR Tōkai ( ja, JR東海, links=no). ''Tōkai'' is a reference to the geographical ...

on the

Iida Line The is a Japanese railway line connecting Toyohashi Station in Toyohashi, Aichi with Tatsuno Station in Tatsuno, Nagano, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central). The line links eastern Aichi Prefecture and southern Nagano Prefe ...

. This car has been exhibited at the

SCMaglev and Railway Park The is a railway museum owned by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) in Nagoya, Japan. The museum opened on 14 March 2011. The museum features 39 full-size railway vehicles and one bus exhibit, train cab simulators, and railway model d ...

since March 2011.List of exhibits
Retrieved on 29 October 2009. * 12050–12055 - Built in 1929-1931 as single-cab MoHa 31 cars and reclassified in 1953 as MoHa 11 series 200. Remodeled in 1959 as dual-cab KuMoHa 12 cars. Later operated by JR East on the

Tsurumi Line The Tsurumi Line ( ja, 鶴見線,) is a group of 3 railway lines operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Originally built to service the port and adjacent industrial area, the lines provide passenger serv ...

( Branch Line). The last car was withdrawn in 1996. File:JRC-Kumoha12041.jpg, KuMoHa 12041 used by JR Central as a special-event car on the Iida Line

References

{{JR East EMU Electric multiple units of Japan East Japan Railway Company Central Japan Railway Company Train-related introductions in 1933 1933 in rail transport 1500 V DC multiple units of Japan