Križevci (; la, Crisium; hu, Kőrös ; german: Kreutz ) is a city in central

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

with a total population of 21,122 and with 11,231 in the city itself (2011), the oldest city in its county, the Koprivnica-Križevci County.

History

The first mention of the so-called Upper Križevac was from 1193 by

Béla III Béla may refer to: * Béla (crater), an elongated lunar crater * Béla (given name), a common Hungarian male given name See also * Bela (disambiguation) * Belá (disambiguation) * Bělá (disambiguation) Bělá, derived from ''bílá'' (''whit ...

, obtaining the status of Royal Borough in 1252 by the

ban Ban, or BAN, may refer to: Law * Ban (law), a decree that prohibits something, sometimes a form of censorship, being denied from entering or using the place/item ** Imperial ban (''Reichsacht''), a form of outlawry in the medieval Holy Roman ...

Stephan which was confirmed by King Béla IV a year later. The so-called Lower Križevac developed somewhat slower than its twin town: it became a free royal town in 1405, thanks to king Sigismund.

Bloody Sabor of Križevci Bloody Sabor of Križevci or Bloody Parliament Session or Križevci Bloody Assembly ( hr, Krvavi Sabor u Križevcima, Krvavi sabor križevački; hu, kőrösi országgyűlés) was an organised killing of the former Croatian ban Stephen II Lackfi ...

( hr, Krvavi Sabor u Križevcima) was organised killing of the Croatian

Stjepan Lacković and his followers by king

Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund Sigismund of Luxembourg (15 February 1368 – 9 December 1437) was a monarch as King of Hungary and Croatia (''jure uxoris'') from 1387, King of Germany from 1410, King of Bohemia from 1419, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1433 until his death in 1 ...

, on 27 February 1397.Križevci Bloody Assembly
krizevci.eu Križevac was the birthplace of a

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

priest Marko who died at the hand of

Calvinists Calvinism (also called the Reformed Tradition, Reformed Protestantism, Reformed Christianity, or simply Reformed) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice set down by John Ca ...

Košice Košice ( , ; german: Kaschau ; hu, Kassa ; pl, Коszyce) is the largest city in eastern Slovakia. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary. With a population of app ...

in 1619, and was subsequently canonized because of his martyrdom. This event is commemorated every September 7 in Križevci. After centuries of division, empress Maria Theresa of Austria united the Lower and Upper Križevac into Križevci in 1752 (the word ''Križevci'' is plural of ''Križevac''). The town was also hit by the wars with the Turks, but it regained importance in 1871 when the railway was built through it on the way from

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

Rijeka Rijeka ( , , ; also known as Fiume hu, Fiume, it, Fiume ; local Chakavian: ''Reka''; german: Sankt Veit am Flaum; sl, Reka) is the principal seaport and the third-largest city in Croatia (after Zagreb and Split). It is located in Primor ...

. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, Križevci was a district capital in the Bjelovar-Križevci County of the

Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia ( hr, Kraljevina Hrvatska i Slavonija; hu, Horvát-Szlavónország or ; de-AT, Königreich Kroatien und Slawonien) was a nominally autonomous kingdom and constitutionally defined separate political nation with ...

. These days the town is pretty much oriented towards mass entrepreneurship, but it still enjoys the greatest number of valuable and oldest monuments in the county (both in the town and its surroundings). Križevci has nine

church Church may refer to: Religion * Church (building), a building for Christian religious activities * Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination * Church service, a formalized period of Christian communal worship * Chris ...

es (seven

, a

Serbian Orthodox The Serbian Orthodox Church ( sr-Cyrl, Српска православна црква, Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous (ecclesiastically independent) Eastern Orthodox Christian churches. The majority of the population in ...

and a

Greek Catholic The term Greek Catholic Church can refer to a number of Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine (Greek) liturgy, considered collectively or individually. The terms Greek Catholic, Greek Catholic church or Byzantine Catholic, Byzantine Ca ...

), some of them built in the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

. In the oldest

Gothic Gothic or Gothics may refer to: People and languages *Goths or Gothic people, the ethnonym of a group of East Germanic tribes **Gothic language, an extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths **Crimean Gothic, the Gothic language spoken b ...

br>Church of Saint Cross in Križevci
there are important

Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...

pictures and a marble altar dating from the 18th century (by Francesco Robba). Also interesting is the parish church of St. Anne from the 17th century. Of particular note is the

br>Cathedral of the Holy Trinity
the seat of the Eparchy of Križevci since 1789. The cathedral building was worked on by some of

Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...

's finest architects: its facade was rebuilt by Bartol Felbinger in 1817 while an internal reconstruction was performed in the

Gothic revival Gothic Revival (also referred to as Victorian Gothic, neo-Gothic, or Gothick) is an architectural movement that began in the late 1740s in England. The movement gained momentum and expanded in the first half of the 19th century, as increasingly ...

style by Hermann Bolle in 1892-97. The iconostasis and the pictures on the walls are works of famous Croatian painters including Ivan Tišov, Celestin Medović and

Bela Čikoš-Sesija Bela may refer to: Places Asia * Bela Pratapgarh, a town in Pratapgarh District, Uttar Pradesh, India *Bela, a small village near Bhandara, Maharashtra, India *Bela, another name for the biblical city Zoara *Bela, Dang, in Nepal *Bela, Janakpur, ...

. Križevci Synagogue was built in 1895. After renovation in 2014 it mainly serves as Tourist Information Centre. The city museum exhibits a rich archeological, ethnographic and cultural-historical collection. The main town manifestation is called Križevačko veliko spravišče, commemorated yearly, when the local cultural traditions are displayed during a fiesta that lasts throughout the first full weekend of July. According to legend, this feast originates from a 14th-century feast of reconciliation between the previously hostile communities of merchants from the towns of Križevac and the nobility from the nearby Kalnik hillside.

Geography

Križevci is a city in Koprivnica-Križevci County. Because of its nearness to

(57 km), Križevci is developing like a satellite city. It has a good position because it's close to all regional centers:

Koprivnica Koprivnica () is a city in Northern Croatia, located 70 kilometers northeast of Zagreb. It is the capital and the largest city of the Koprivnica-Križevci county. In 2011, the city's administrative area of 90.94 km2 had a total popu ...

(31 km), Bjelovar (33 km) and

Varaždin ) , image_photo = , image_skyline = , image_flag = Flag of Varaždin.svg , flag_size = , image_seal = , seal_size = , image_shield = Grb_Grad ...

(48 km). Very important fact for establishing the city was its macro traffical position. This place was known already in antics and

because that was where the main caravan roads crossed, and there was a famous king's Coloman road that was going through Križevci. That road was connecting

Pannonia Pannonia (, ) was a province of the Roman Empire bounded on the north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. Pannonia was located in the territory that is now wes ...

and

Dalmatia Dalmatia (; hr, Dalmacija ; it, Dalmazia; see #Name, names in other languages) is one of the four historical region, historical regions of Croatia, alongside Croatia proper, Slavonia, and Istria. Dalmatia is a narrow belt of the east shore of ...

. In its closer past, many roads and other types of traffic connections were built: Many macadamized roads that connects

Posavina Posavina ( sr-cyr, Посавина) is a geographical region that stretches along the Sava river, encompassing only the inner areas of the Sava river basin, that are adjacent or near to the Sava river itself, namely catch region spanning from t ...

, region around Kalnik and Podravina (there were all already finished in the 18th century), the railroad from Hungary to Zagreb, that goes through Koprivnica and Križevci (1870.), and to Bjelovar (1894). Today, city is still important because it connects Bjelovar and Koprivnica, big regional centers, and because it's the place where many regional roads starts from direction of Bjelovar, Gornja Rijeka and Sudovec, valley of the river

Bednja Bednja () is a village and municipality in Croatia in the Varaždin County (west of Lepoglava), and also a river in northern Croatia. According to the 2011 census, there are a total of 3,992 inhabitants, in the following settlements: * Bednja, p ...

, zelinsko prigorje over Čanjevo and from Rasinja over Apatovec. Križevci lies on 140 m above the level of the sea, where the southern part of Kalnik begins. Topographically, it lies on Pleistocene surface, between swamped alluvial valleys of the brook Vrtlin from the east and the brook Koruska from the west. Relief, geological-petrografical structure, convenient climate and abundance of water, all these were elements of economical and demographic development of the city. Modern demographic-economical transformation has changed relations in space and structure of population, and it is observable through processes of deagrarianization, industrialization and deruralization. This effected with abandoning agricultural production, abandoning villages and moving to Križevci.

Climate

Demographics

According to the 2011 census,

Croats The Croats (; hr, Hrvati ) are a South Slavic ethnic group who share a common Croatian ancestry, culture, history and language. They are also a recognized minority in a number of neighboring countries, namely Austria, the Czech Republic, G ...

form an absolute majority at 96.6% with

Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language. The majority of Serbs live in their na ...

making up for 2.1% of the population. The list of settlements in the administrative area of Križevci is: * Apatovec, population 350 * Beketinec, population 38 * Bojnikovec, population 219 * Bukovje Križevačko, population 316 * Carevdar, population 438 * Cubinec, population 546 * Čabraji, population 153 * Dijankovec, population 188 * Doljanec, population 53 * Donja Brčkovčina, population 165 * Donja Glogovnica, population 129 * Donji Dubovec, population 34 * Đurđic, population 267 * Erdovec, population 207 * Gornja Brčkovčina, population 160 * Gornja Glogovnica, population 115 * Gornji Dubovec, population 8 * Gračina, population 209 * Ivanec Križevački, population 308 * Jarčani, population 97 * Karane, population 229 *

Kloštar Vojakovački Kloštar Vojakovački is a village in Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map ...

, population 366 * Kostadinovac, population 14 * Križevci, population 11,231 * Kučari, population 31 * Kunđevec, population 11 * Lemeš, population 111 * Lemeš Križevački, population 183 * Majurec, population 423 * Male Sesvete, population 46 * Mali Carevdar, population 19 * Mali Potočec, population 169 * Mali Raven, population 15 * Marinovec, population 103 * Mičijevac, population 69 * Novaki Ravenski, population 178 * Novi Bošnjani, population 81 * Novi Đurđic, population 130 * Osijek Vojakovački, population 205 * Pavlovec Ravenski, population 101 * Pesek, population 271 * Pobrđani Vojakovački, population 35 * Podgajec, population 21 * Poljana Križevačka, population 396 * Povelić, population 86 * Prikraj Križevački, population 194 * Ruševac, population 182 * Srednji Dubovec, population 93 * Stara Ves Ravenska, population 31 * Stari Bošnjani, population 105 * Sveta Helena, population 309 * Sveti Martin, population 91 * Špiranec, population 151 * Većeslavec, population 143 * Velike Sesvete, population 87 * Veliki Potočec, population 399 * Veliki Raven, population 219 * Vojakovac, population 234 * Vujići Vojakovački, population 57 * Žibrinovec, population 113

Education

Križevci is home to the Križevci College of Agriculture, founded in 1860 as the

Royal Agriculture and Forestry College Royal may refer to: People * Royal (name), a list of people with either the surname or given name * A member of a royal family Places United States * Royal, Arkansas, an unincorporated community * Royal, Illinois, a village * Royal, Iowa, a cit ...

Culture

Križevci is home to a monument to the 37 people from the city who died in the

Croatian War of Independence The Croatian War of Independence was fought from 1991 to 1995 between Croat forces loyal to the Government of Croatia—which had declared independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY)—and the Serb-controlled Yugosl ...

entitled the ''Mother of the Dead Hero''.

Notable people

Dubravko Detoni Dubravko Detoni (born 22 February 1937) is a composer, pianist and writer. Although active since the early 1970s he is almost unknown internationally. He was born in Križevci, Croatia, educated in Zagreb, Sienna, Warsaw and Darmstadt, and stud ...

- composer *

Ivan Andrija Makar Ivan Andrija Makar of Makarska (c.1640–1700) was a 17th-century Croatian general, Habsburg Military Frontier commander, Križevci capitancy commander and haramije leader. Biography Makar was born in Kreževci, somewhere around 1640. He ...

- 17th century Croatian and Habsburg soldier *

Julije Drohobeczky Julije Drohobeczky ( uk, Юлій Дрогобецький; 5 November 1853 – 11 February 1934) was a Ruthenian and Croatian Greek Catholic hierarch. He was the bishop from 1891 to 1917 (in fact – until 1914) of the Eastern Catholic Eparchy o ...

- bishop * Sidonija Rubido - first Croatian opera singer *

Branko Hrg Branko Hrg (born 26 September 1961) is a Croatian politician and former leader of the Croatian Peasant Party (HSS). He was a member of HSS from 1992 to 2016 and serves as a mayor of Križevci since 2001. In January 2012 intra-party elections, Hr ...

- politician * Dora Kalaus - handball player * Larissa Kalaus *

Marcel Kiepach Marcel Kiepach (12 February 1894 – 12 August 1915) was an inventor who was a subject of the Austro-Hungarian Empire of Croatian ethnicity. The works and inventions of this child prodigy belong to the areas of electronics, magnetism, acoustics, ...

- inventor *

Marko Krizin Marko Stjepan Krizin ( 1589 – 7 September 1619), or Marko Križevčanin ( hu, Kőrösi Márk, en, Mark of Križevci, link=yes, italics=yes) was a Croats, Croatian Catholic Church in Croatia, Roman Catholic Catholic priest, priest, profes ...

- catholic saint * Franjo Marković - writer *

Antun Nemčić Antun Nemčić Gostovinski (; 14 January 1813 – 5 September 1849) was a Croatian writer. He was born in Edde, Hungary. He graduated law in Zagreb. As a trainee lawyer, notary and a district judge he served in Križevci, Osekovo, Novi Marof an ...

- writer *

Dragutin Novak Dragutin Karlo Novak (16 February 1892 in Zagreb – 31 October 1978, Zagreb) was the first person in what is now Croatia to make a heavier-than-air flight by flying a plane constructed by Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, June 22, 1910. Novak flew in an ...

* Vanessa Radman * Alfred Švarc *

Marko Tomas Marko Tomas (born 3 January 1985) is a retired Croatian professional basketball player. He represented the Croatia men's national basketball team, Croatian national basketball team internationally. Standing at , he played at the shooting guard and ...

- basketball player *

Ljudevit Vukotinović Ljudevit Farkaš Vukotinović (13 January 1813 – 17 March 1893) was a Croatian politician, writer and naturalist. He was born in Zagreb. He studied philosophy in Szombathely, and law in Zagreb and Bratislava, where he graduated. In 1836 he was ...

Branko Zorko Branko Zorko (born 1 July 1967) is a Croatian retired middle distance runner who specialized in the 1500 metres. Zorko competed in the 1500 metres in five Olympic Games, from 1988 to 2004, making it through to the semi-finals in 1992 and 1996. He ...

Drago Grdenić Drago Grdenić (31 August 1919 – 7 September 2018) was a Croatian chemist and academician and the founder of X-ray crystallography in Croatia. Over the course of his career he determined the structure of a number of mercury complexes and organome ...

* Antonio Radić (born 1987), known for his YouTube chess channel 'agadmator'. *

Magda Logomer Magda Logomer, born May 18, 1706, in Križevci (modern Croatia), also known as Herucina, was a herbalist from the town of Križevci, who was accused by her neighbor of practising witchcraft and poisonning. Logomer was tortured and condemned to d ...

, herbalist.

References

External links

Križevci official site

News Portal of Križevci

Open University Križevci

History, culture, locations, personage of Križevci in multimedia
{{DEFAULTSORT:Krizevci Cities and towns in Croatia Populated places in Koprivnica-Križevci County Bjelovar-Križevci County Forestry in Croatia 12th-century establishments in Croatia 1193 establishments in Europe