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Krems an der Donau () is a town of 23,992 inhabitants in Austria, in the federal state of
Lower Austria Lower Austria (german: Niederösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: ''Niedaöstareich'', ''Niedaestareich'') is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Since 1986, the capital of Lower Austria has been Sankt ...
. It is the fifth-largest city of Lower Austria and is approximately west of
Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...
. Krems is a city with its own statute (or ''
Statutarstadt In Austrian politics, a statutory city (German: ''Stadt mit eigenem Statut'' or ''Statutarstadt'') is a city that is vested, in addition to its purview as a municipality, with the powers and duties of a district administrative authority. The cit ...
''), and therefore it is both a municipality and a district.


Geography

Krems is located at the confluence of the Krems and Danube Rivers at the eastern end of
Wachau The Wachau () is an Austrian valley with a picturesque landscape formed by the Danube river. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations of Lower Austria, located midway between the towns of Melk and Krems that also attracts " connoi ...
valley, in the southern Waldviertel. Krems borders the following municipalities:
Stratzing Stratzing is a town in the district of Krems-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria Lower Austria (german: Niederösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: ''Niedaöstareich'', ''Niedaestareich'') is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the nor ...
,
Langenlois Langenlois () is a town at the Kamp river in the Kamptal, district of Krems-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. Famous for its wine production, it is also home to the Loisium, a centre celebrating and advertising the local wine and bu ...
, Rohrendorf bei Krems,
Gedersdorf Gedersdorf is a municipality in the district of Krems-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. Geography The municipality consists of seven villages: Altweidling, Brunn im Felde, Donaudorf, Gedersdorf, Schlickendorf, Stratzdorf, and Theiß ...
, Traismauer,
Nußdorf ob der Traisen Nußdorf ob der Traisen is a municipality in the district of Sankt Pölten-Land in Lower Austria, Austria. Population References Cities and towns in St. Pölten-Land District {{LowerAustria-geo-stub ...
,
Paudorf Paudorf is a town in the district of Krems-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. Population References Cities and towns in Krems-Land District {{LowerAustria-geo-stub ...
,
Furth bei Göttweig Furth bei Göttweig is a town and municipality in the district of Krems-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. The municipality consists of the following populated places: *Aigen *Furth bei Göttweig *Klein-Wien *Oberfucha *Palt *Steinaw ...
, Mautern an der Donau, Dürnstein, and Senftenberg.


History

Krems was first mentioned in 995 in a certificate of
Otto III Otto III (June/July 980 – 23 January 1002) was Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until his death in 1002. A member of the Ottonian dynasty, Otto III was the only son of the Emperor Otto II and his wife Theophanu. Otto III was crowned as King of ...
, but settlement was apparent even before then. For example, a child's grave, over 27,000 years old, was found here. This is the oldest grave found in Austria. During the 11th and 12th centuries, Chremis, as it was then called, was almost as large as Vienna. At the end of the Thirty Years' War, Swedish troops captured Krems in 1645 during their invasion of Lower Austria. The city was recaptured by Imperial troops under Hans Christoph von Puchheim and Johann Wilhelm von Hunolstein on 5 May 1646. Krems is the primary producer of Marillenschnaps, an apricot brandy. It is also the hometown of Martin Johann Schmidt, called "Kremserschmidt", the leading
painter Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...
,
draughtsman A draughtsman (British spelling) or draftsman (American spelling) may refer to: * An architectural drafter, who produced architectural drawings until the late 20th century * An artist who produces drawings that rival or surpass their other types ...
and etcher of the Austrian late Baroque.


City division

* Innenstadt ''(Inner City)'' * Weinzierl * Mitterau * Stein * Egelsee * Rehberg * Am Steindl * Gneixendorf * Lerchenfeld * Krems-Süd ''(South Krems)''


Population development

# Quelle der Daten: Homepage der Stadt Krems und Statistik Austria Colors = id:hellgrau value:gray(0.7) id:dunkelgrau value:gray(0.9) ImageSize = width:400 height:auto barincrement:25 PlotArea = left:40 right:20 bottom:25 top:10 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:0 till:26000 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = gridcolor:hellgrau unit:year increment:5000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:dunkelgrau increment:5000 start:0 PlotData= color:skyblue width:20 shift:(20,-4) fontsize:S bar:1869 from:start till:18023 text:"18.023" bar:1880 from:start till:18950 text:"18.950" bar:1890 from:start till:18497 text:"18.497" bar:1900 from:start till:21022 text:"21.022" bar:1910 from:start till:22388 text:"22.388" bar:1923 from:start till:22205 text:"22.205" bar:1934 from:start till:23140 text:"23.140" bar:1951 from:start till:22410 text:"22.410" bar:1961 from:start till:23097 text:"23.097" bar:1971 from:start till:23520 text:"23.520" bar:1981 from:start till:23076 text:"23.076" bar:1991 from:start till:22783 text:"22.783" bar:2001 from:start till:23713 text:"23.713" bar:2011 from:start till:24003 text:"24.014" The population (with principal residence status) in the agglomeration was about 50,000 at the end of 2010.


Climate


Main sights


Old town

* Bürgerspitalkirche * Dominikanerkirche * Dreifaltigkeitssäule * Göglhaus * Gozzoburg * Großes Sgraffitohaus * Pfarrkirche St. Veit * Piaristenkirche * Pulverturm * Rathaus * Simandlbrunnen * Steiner Tor: The gate, erected in 1480, is the second remaining medieval gate


Outside the Old Town

* Frauenbergkirche * Göttweigerhofkapelle * Großer Passauerhof * Karikaturmuseum Krems * Kloster Und * Kremser Tor * Kunsthalle Krems * Forum Frohner * Landesgalerie Niederösterreich * Linzer Tor * Mauthaus * Minoritenkirche * Pfarrkirche Hl. Nikolaus * Salzstadl * University Krems


Transport

The city's main railway station is a junction of the Franz-Josefs Railway to Vienna, the Kremser Railway to St. Pölten, the Donauufer Railway to Spitz and the regional railway to Horn. It is at the intersection of the Stockerauer Speedway S5 and the Kremser Speedway S33, and is traversed by the Danube Road B3, the Retzer Road B35, the Kremser Road B37 and the Langenloiser Road B218. Krems is a junction of the ''Wieselbus'' bus lines, which provides radial connections between Sankt Pölten and the different regions of Lower Austria. Main Roads * Stockerauer Schnellstraße (S5) from Krems to
Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...
* Kremser Schnellstraße (S33) from Krems to St. Pölten * Donau Straße (B3) from Krems to
Linz Linz ( , ; cs, Linec) is the capital of Upper Austria and third-largest city in Austria. In the north of the country, it is on the Danube south of the Czech border. In 2018, the population was 204,846. In 2009, it was a European Capital ...
* Aggsteiner Straße (B33) from Krems to Melk ** Aggsteiner Straße (B33a) from Krems to Mautern an der Donau * Retzer Straße (B35) from Krems to Retz * Kremser Straße (B37) from Krems to Rastenfeld ** Kremser Straße (B37a) from Krems to Traismauer * Langenloiser Straße (B218) from Krems to
Langenlois Langenlois () is a town at the Kamp river in the Kamptal, district of Krems-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. Famous for its wine production, it is also home to the Loisium, a centre celebrating and advertising the local wine and bu ...
Railroad *
Franz-Josefs-Bahn The Emperor Franz Joseph Railway (German: ''Kaiser-Franz-Josephs-Bahn'', KFJB) was an Austrian private railway company, named after Emperor Franz Joseph I. It operated railway lines from the Austrian capital Vienna to Prague and Eger (Cheb) in Bohe ...
from Krems to
Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...
* Kremser Bahn from Krems to St. Pölten * Donauuferbahn from Krems to Spitz * Kamptalbahn from Krems to Sigmundsherberg Air traffic * Gneixendorf airfield is a small general aviation airport.


In the city

A network of four bus lines operates at regular intervals within the city. Every summer, a tourist train connects the ancient parts of the city with museums, the central railway station and the passenger ship terminal of Krems.


Politics


Municipal council

The municipal council consists of 40 members and since the municipal elections in 2017 it consists of the following parties: * 19
Social Democratic Party of Austria The Social Democratic Party of Austria (german: Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs , SPÖ), founded and known as the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria (german: link=no, Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei Österreichs, SDAPÖ) unti ...
(SPÖ) – the mayor and the first vice mayor * 8 Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) – the second vice mayor * 5 Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) * 2 KLS * 1 Austrian Green Party * 1 PROKS Municipal elections in Krems were held, at the same time as the
Austrian legislative election, 2017 Legislative elections were held in Austria on 15 October 2017 to elect the 26th National Council, the lower house of Austria's bicameral parliament. The snap election was called when the coalition government between the Social Democratic Party o ...
on 15 October 2017.


City's senate

The city's senate consists of 10 members: * SPÖ: 5 members * ÖVP: 4 members * FPÖ: 1 members


Public facilities


Educational facilities

* BHAK/BHAS Krems * Bundesgymnasium Piaristen * Bundesgymnasium Rechte Kremszeile * Bundesreal- and Bundesoberstufenrealgymnasium (BORG) Krems Heinemannstraße * Bundesrealgymnasium Krems Ringstraße * Danube Private University * University for Continuing Education Krems *
Adult education centre Adult education, distinct from child education, is a practice in which adults engage in systematic and sustained self-educating activities in order to gain new forms of knowledge, skills, attitudes, or values. Merriam, Sharan B. & Brockett, Ralp ...
* HLA/HLW Krems * HLF Krems * HTBL Krems *
IMC Fachhochschule Krems IMC may refer to: Aviation * IMC rating, a UK-issued rating for flying in instrument meteorological conditions * Instrument meteorological conditions, weather conditions that require pilots to fly primarily by instruments Business * IMC AG, a ...
( University of Applied Sciences) * Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften * Oberstufenrealgymnasium Englische Fräulein * School of education


Prison

* Justizanstalt Stein is a prison housing some of Austria's worst offenders.


Leisure and sports sites

Swimming is available at Kremser Strandbad (indoor
swimming pool A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, paddling pool, or simply pool, is a structure designed to hold water to enable Human swimming, swimming or other leisure activities. Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built ...
) and outdoor. *
Football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly ...
– Kremser SC *
Ice hockey Ice hockey (or simply hockey) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an Ice rink, ice skating rink with Ice hockey rink, lines and markings specific to the sport. It belongs to a family of sports called hockey. In ice hockey, two o ...
– KEV Eagles *
Miniature golf Miniature golf, also known as minigolf, mini-putt, crazy golf, or putt-putt, is an offshoot of the sport of golf focusing solely on the putting aspect of its parent game. The aim of the game is to score the lowest number of points. It is played ...
* Rugby Club Krems * Skatepark * Team handball – Union Handballklub Krems * Union Badminton Krems


Personalities linked to Krems an der Donau

* Matthias Abele (1616–1677), town clerk and writer of the 17th century. * Josef Bayer (1882–1931), director of
Natural History Museum in Vienna The Natural History Museum Vienna (german: Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) is a large natural history museum located in Vienna, Austria. It is one of the most important natural history museums worldwide. The NHM Vienna is one of the largest muse ...
, one of the discoverers of the Venus of Willendorf * Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944), photochemist and pioneer of
Picture An image is a visual representation of something. It can be two-dimensional, three-dimensional, or somehow otherwise feed into the visual system to convey information. An image can be an artifact, such as a photograph or other two-dimensiona ...
* Julius Ernest Wilhelm Fučík (1872–1916) composer and conductor; 1891-1894 military musician in Krems (1st Commitment) *
Wilhelm Gause Wilhelm Gause (27 March 1853 – 13 June 1916) was a German-Austrian painter. He studied at the Düsseldorf Academy, and in 1888 exhibited his work in Vienna. Works Perhaps Gause's most famous work is ''Court Ball at the Hofburg''. Created in 1 ...
(1853–1916), painter * Gregor Hradetzky, (1909–1984), canoeist and organ builder * Wolfgang Kummer (1935–2007), physicist * Maria Anna Laager (1788–1866), mother of the composer and pianist
Franz Liszt Franz Liszt, in modern usage ''Liszt Ferenc'' . Liszt's Hungarian passport spelled his given name as "Ferencz". An orthographic reform of the Hungarian language in 1922 (which was 36 years after Liszt's death) changed the letter "cz" to simpl ...
* Ulrike Lunacek (born 1957), journalist and politician *
Margaret of Babenberg Margaret of Austria (german: Margarethe von Österreich; – 29 October 1266), a member of the House of Babenberg, was German queen from 1225 until 1235, by her first marriage with King Henry (VII), and Queen of Bohemia from 1253 to 1260, ...
(1204–1266), Queen of Bohemia and Duchess of Austria wife of Heinrich (HRR) (VII.) and
Premysl Otakar II Ottokar II ( cs, Přemysl Otakar II.; , in Městec Králové, Bohemia – 26 August 1278, in Dürnkrut, Lower Austria), the Iron and Golden King, was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty who reigned as King of Bohemia from 1253 until his deat ...
, lived in Krems; * Jakob Oswald of Mayreck (1669–1745), businessman and mayor, in which he has set up house lived Kochel * Josef Meller (1874–1963), university professor of ophthalmology * Eduard Melly (born 1814), numismatist * Wilhelm Miklas (1872–1956), politician (CS) and the third President of the 1st Republic *
Vinzenz Eduard Milde Vinzenz Eduard Milde (1777, in Brünn, Moravia – 1853 at Vienna) was Prince-Archbishop of Vienna. He was the first Prince-Archbishop and commoner: the see had always hitherto been occupied by a nobleman. Life He entered the "Alumnat" or ...
(1777–1853), Dean of Krems and Archbishop of Vienna, pastor of Krems and head of the philosophical educational institution * Peter B. Neubauer (1913–2008), child psychiatrist and psychoanalyst *
Johann Nordmann Johann Nordmann (born Rumpelmayer, also published as Johannes Nordmann and under the pseudonym H. Naudh, 13 March 1820 in Landersdorf, now Krems an der Donau – 20 August 1887 in Vienna) was an Austrian journalist and travel writer. Life Lit ...
(1820–1887), journalist and poet *
Rudolf Redlinghofer Rudolf Redlinghofer (31 October 1900 – 11 January 1940) was an Austrian conscientious objector and victim of the Nazi regime. The Republic of Austria reversed his sentence 58 years after his execution, and Rudolf Redlinghofer became one of th ...
(1900–1940), Nazi victims, was beheaded on January 11, 1940 in Berlin-Plötzensee *
Ludwig Ritter von Köchel Ludwig Alois Friedrich Ritter von Köchel (; 14 January 1800 – 3 June 1877) was an Austrian musicologist, writer, composer, botanist, and publisher. He is best known for cataloguing the works of Mozart and originating the 'KV-numbers' by whic ...
(1800–1877), musicologist, writer and composer * Johann Georg Schmidt (Wiener Schmidt) (1685–1748), painter, died in Krems; * Martin Johann Schmidt (1718–1801), called "Kremser Schmidt", the most outstanding painters of the Austrian Rococo * Franz Schneider (1812–1897), physician and chemist *
Marko Stankovic Marko may refer to: * Marko (given name) * Marko (surname) * Márkó, a village in Hungary See also *Marco (disambiguation) *Markko (disambiguation) *Marka (disambiguation) *Markov *Marku Marku is an Albanian surname. Notable people with the ...
, (born 1986), football player *
Robert Streibel Robert Streibel (born 27 January 1959) is an Austrian historian, writer and poet. Life Born in Krems an der Donau, Streibel studied history, German studies, theatre studies and history of art in Vienna and received his doctorate under Erika We ...
, (born 1959), historian *
Michael Wutky Michael Wutky (1739 - 28 September 1822/23) was an Austrian landscape painter in the Rococo style who specialized in Italian scenes. Biography Wutky was born in Krems an der Donau, Austria. In 1759, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, ...
(1739–1822), painter * Cameron Ugbodu (born 2000), visual artist


Twin towns

Krems is
twinned Twinning (making a twin of) may refer to: * In biology and agriculture, producing two offspring (i.e., twins) at a time, or having a tendency to do so; * Twin towns and sister cities, towns and cities involved in town twinning * Twinning inst ...
with the following cities: * Ribe, Denmark, since 1971 * Böblingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, since 1971 * Beaune, Côte-d'Or, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France, since 1973 *
Passau Passau (; bar, label= Central Bavarian, Båssa) is a city in Lower Bavaria, Germany, also known as the Dreiflüssestadt ("City of Three Rivers") as the river Danube is joined by the Inn from the south and the Ilz from the north. Passau's p ...
,
Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total l ...
, Germany, since 1974 * Kroměříž,
Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. Th ...
, since 1994 * Grapevine,
Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...
, United States, since 1999


References


External links


Pictures of Krems and information in English language

Video of a street walk through the Old Town of Krems an der DonauLower Austria official webpage
{{authority control Populated places on the Danube Cities and towns in Lower Austria World Heritage Sites in Austria