Krakowska Street In Bydgoszcz
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Krakowska street is a small street located in Bydgoszcz,
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
.


Location

The street is located on the edge of downtown
Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more ...
. It starts on the northern side of the
Brda river The Brda (; german: Brahe) is a river in northern Poland, a tributary of the Vistula. It has a total length of 245 km and a catchment area (all within Poland) of 4,665 km2.Jagiellońska street.


History

The street appears on the maps of the area only during the second half of the 19th century, at the same time as happened
Bromberg Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more ...
's main expansion, thanks to the development of the
Prussian Eastern Railway The Prussian Eastern Railway (german: Preußische Ostbahn) was a railway in the Kingdom of Prussia and later Germany until 1918. Its main route, approximately long, connected the capital, Berlin, with the cities of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland) ...
. The city population grew from 12,900 inhabitants in 1852 to 57,700 inhabitants in 1910. Krakowska Street, then ''Bollmann Straße'' during Prussian period, was located on the territory of a neighbouring suburb, ''Schröttersdorf''. It almost marked during those years (1870s to 1920) the border with
Bromberg Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more ...
area, stretching from the Brahe river to ''Promenaden straße'' (now Jagiellońska street). The western side of the street witnessed in the 1860s the inception and expansion of the Bydgoszcz District Gas Plant: the complex initially covered an area of 0.8 ha, but soon grew up to 7.4 ha after
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
. In 1920, after Bydgoszcz reintegrated Polish territory, this suburban district, including Krakowska Street, has been subsumed to be part of
Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more ...
city area. The street was finally entirely organized and inhabited only in the late
1900s The 1900s may refer to: * 1900s (decade), the decade from 1900 to 1909 * The century from 1900 to 1999, almost synonymous with the 20th century The 20th (twentieth) century began on January 1, 1901 ( MCMI), and ended on December 31, 2000 ( MM ...
(1911).


Naming

Through history, the street bore the following names: * 1870s–1920, Bollmann Straße, from Hermann Bollmann, an industrial pioneer; * 1920–1939, Ulica Krakowska; * 1939–1945, Bollmann Straße; * Since 1945, Ulica Krakowska (Krakowska Street). Current namesake refers to the city of
Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...
.


Main places and buildings


Villa at 62 Jagiellońska Street, corner with Krakowska Street

Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship heritage list, Nr.760205 Reg.A/1588 (May 10, 2011)Załącznik do uchwały Nr XXXIV/601/13 Sejmiku Województwa Kujawsko-Pomorskiego z dnia 20 maja 2013 r. 1907–1908
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
At the time of its erection, the villa was located out of the city limits, in the suburb of Schröterrsdorf, on ''Promenaden Straße''. After 1920 and the re-creation of the Polish state, the expansion of Bydgoszcz subsumed these neighbouring cities; villa's address was then ''Ulica Promenada 67'', then 41 (in 1926), with a landlord named Seweryn Rzymkowski, a merchant. The villa, recently refurbished in 2014, features superb architectural details: vegetal volutes as
cartouche In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a cartouche is an oval with a line at one end tangent to it, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name. The first examples of the cartouche are associated with pharaohs at the end of the Third Dynasty, but the fea ...
s, crying figures on top of
pilaster In classical architecture Classical architecture usually denotes architecture which is more or less consciously derived from the principles of Greek and Roman architecture of classical antiquity, or sometimes even more specifically, from the ...
s and a corner
balcony A balcony (from it, balcone, "scaffold") is a platform projecting from the wall of a building, supported by columns or console brackets, and enclosed with a balustrade, usually above the ground floor. Types The traditional Maltese balcony is ...
. File:Jagiellonska 62 2.jpg, General view from the street File:Jagiellonska 62.jpg, Facade on Krakowska street File:Jagiellonska 62 detail.jpg, Detail of the vegetal volutes File:Bdg ul Krakowska 2 4-2015.jpg, Detail of the masks flanking the windows File:Jagi 62 detail.jpg,
Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
detail


Tenement at 64 Jagiellońska Street 64, corner with Krakowska Street

1900s
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
Since the end of the 1890s, the tenement at then ''Promenadenstraße 51'', was the property of Marie Fuhr, the widow of a painter. After 1920, It moved to the hands of Edward Lelito, a merchant, also owner of the tenement at today's Nr.1. This large corner building impresses by its mass. Recently refurbished, one can notice the curved corner
pediment Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds. A pedimen ...
, adorned with an ornamented frieze. File:Jagiell 64.jpg, Elevation on Krakowska street File:Jagie 64 top.jpg, Corner top
pediment Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds. A pedimen ...


Tenement at 1

1908
Eclecticism Eclecticism is a conceptual approach that does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject, or applies different theories in ...
The tenement at the time at ''Bollmann Straße 5'', then 18, was the property of Paul Roedke, a contractor in a building company. Deprived of its original decoration, the main elevation, topped by a mansard roof is noticeable by its large wooden door with a transom light, recalling the rays of the sun. File:Krakowska 1.jpg, Main elevation File:Krakowska 1 door.jpg,
Portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
detail


Tenement at 3

1909
Eclecticism Eclecticism is a conceptual approach that does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject, or applies different theories in ...
First address was ''Bollmann Straße 16'', then 17. The first landlord was a rentier, Julius Lüdtke. Though renovated with a more functionalist style, the building kept its roofed wooden side entry. File:Krakowska 3.jpg, View from the street, with the side entry on the left.


Tenement at 4

1912-1915
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
The first owner of then ''Bollmann Straße 2a'', Franz Schwödler, was a supervisor assistant. In the 1920s. The building features a round
avant-corps An ''avant-corps'' ( it, avancorpo or , plural , german: Risalit, pl, ryzalit), a French term literally meaning "fore-body", is a part of a building, such as a porch or pavilion, that juts out from the ''corps de logis'', often taller than othe ...
, topped by a curved
gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
. The entrance door still retains a transom light. The tenement had been entirely renovated by privat owner in 2019. File:Krakowska 4 renovated.jpg, Renovated facade by privat owner. File:Krakowska 4 door.jpg, Door view


Tenement at 5

1909
Eclecticism Eclecticism is a conceptual approach that does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject, or applies different theories in ...
This smaller tenement at then ''Bollmann Straße 16'' was owned initially by Julie Zimmer. The building still displays a round
pediment Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds. A pedimen ...
on its
gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
, as well as an old wooden side entry, like at neighbouring Nr.3. File:Krakowska 5.jpg, View from the street with the side entry on the right.


Tenement at 6

1911–1915
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
Originally at ''Bollmann Straße 2b'', the tenement echoes Nr.4, with balconies and loggias. Nice wooden door
portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
, flanked by
pilaster In classical architecture Classical architecture usually denotes architecture which is more or less consciously derived from the principles of Greek and Roman architecture of classical antiquity, or sometimes even more specifically, from the ...
s. File:Krakowska 6.jpg, Main frontage File:Krakowska 6 door.jpg,
Portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
detail


Tenement at 7

1911
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
The building had a painter as first owner, Johannes Czaja. Entirely renovated, the facade only kept its remarkable
portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
, with its wooden carved door. File:Krakowska 7 facade.jpg, Main elevation File:Krakowska 7 door.jpg,
Portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
detail


Villa at 8

1887
Eclecticism Eclecticism is a conceptual approach that does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject, or applies different theories in ...
This house is one of the oldest in the street. Originally at ''Schröttersdorf 2'', it was first owned by Willy Berndt, a teacher for deaf children giving language lessons (german: Kurse für spracheidende), as were his neighbours at Nr.10 and 12. Before moving in, Willy Berndt had been living at ''Elisabeth Straße 2'', now 3 Śniadecki Street; he stayed in this house till the end of
WWII World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. At the re-creation of Poland, the villa was administrated by the province of Poznan ( pl, Starostwo krajowego w Poznaniu). The villa is one of the oldest in the area, with a nice wooden carved side entry. File:Krakowska 8.jpg, Main facade File:Krakowska 8 detail.jpg, Side view


Tenement at 9

1910
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
The first landlord was a
telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas p ...
assistant, who moved there after having lived at ''Promenaden Straße 66'' (today's Jagiellońska street). Typical
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
tenement facade, from which a part of decoration is unfortunately missing. One can still observe the
avant-corps An ''avant-corps'' ( it, avancorpo or , plural , german: Risalit, pl, ryzalit), a French term literally meaning "fore-body", is a part of a building, such as a porch or pavilion, that juts out from the ''corps de logis'', often taller than othe ...
, topped by a
terrace Terrace may refer to: Landforms and construction * Fluvial terrace, a natural, flat surface that borders and lies above the floodplain of a stream or river * Terrace, a street suffix * Terrace, the portion of a lot between the public sidewalk a ...
, and two
oeil-de-boeuf An ''oeil-de-boeuf'' (; en, "bull's eye"), also ''œil de bœuf'' and sometimes anglicized as ''ox-eye window'', is a relatively small elliptical or circular window, typically for an upper storey, and sometimes set in a roof slope as a do ...
openings. File:Krakowska 9.jpg, Main elevation File:Krakowska 9 door.jpg, Main door


Tenement at 10

1889 Vernacular architecture One of the oldest house in the street, originally at ''Schröttersdorf 3b''. It first belonged to Adalbert Biedermann, a teacher for deaf children giving language lessons (german: Kurse für spracheidende), as were his neighbours at Nr.8 and 12. Adalbert had been living previously at ''Hempelstraße 17'' (now 3rd May street). He stayed at Krakowska 10 till the end of
WWII World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. In the 1920s, Dr. Teodor Brandowski, working at the Municipal Library ( pl, Miejska Biblioteka), established here. The house displays a very traditional architecture, illustrative of these old buildings in Bydgoszcz (e.g. at Gdańska Street 37, Gdańska Street 40, Focha Street 6). File:Krakowska 10.jpg, View from the street


Villa at 11

1910 Late
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
, early
Modern architecture Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural movement or architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that form ...
Julius Hillermann, a governmental administrative assistant was the first owner of this villa at then ''Bollmann Straße 13'' then 12a. From 1923 to 1927, bishop
Michał Kozal Michał Kozal (27 September 1893 – 26 January 1943) was a Polish Roman Catholic bishop. Kozal was noted for his intelligence and dedication to studies and studied to become a priest during World War I, which disrupted his studies but did not ...
(1893-1943) lived in this house; as the patron of the
Roman Catholic Diocese of Bydgoszcz The Roman Catholic Diocese of Bydgoszcz ( la, Bydgostien(sis)) is a diocese located in the city of Bydgoszcz in the Ecclesiastical province of Gniezno in Poland. History * February 24, 2004: Established as Diocese of Bydgoscz Bishops * Jan Tyra ...
, a plaque of his stay has been placed in memoriam. This large villa displays early modern characteristics, such as long thin tall openings, an angular
avant-corps An ''avant-corps'' ( it, avancorpo or , plural , german: Risalit, pl, ryzalit), a French term literally meaning "fore-body", is a part of a building, such as a porch or pavilion, that juts out from the ''corps de logis'', often taller than othe ...
, but also nice eyelid
dormer A dormer is a roofed structure, often containing a window, that projects vertically beyond the plane of a pitched roof. A dormer window (also called ''dormer'') is a form of roof window. Dormers are commonly used to increase the usable space ...
s. File:Krakowska 11.jpg, View from the street File:Krakowska 11 side.jpg, Side view File:Krakowska 11 plaque.jpg, Plaque detail


Villa at 12

ca 1905 German Historicism (art) This villa at then ''Bollmann Straße 5'' was owned at the beginning of the 20th century by Eduard Podolski, a teacher for deaf children, giving language lessons (german: Kurse für spracheidende), as were his neighbours at Nr.8 and 10. He stayed in this house till the end of
WWII World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. At the re-creation of Poland, the villa was administered by the province of Poznan ( pl, Starostwo krajowego w Poznaniu). Traditional old brick house from the end of the 19th century, as mentioned by the
weather vane A wind vane, weather vane, or weathercock is an instrument used for showing the direction of the wind. It is typically used as an architectural ornament to the highest point of a building. The word ''vane'' comes from the Old English word , m ...
. File:Krakowska 12 Bydgoszcz.jpg, View from street intersection File:Krakowska 12 bis.jpg, View from the street File:Krakowska 12 gable.jpg, Detail of the
gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
and the
weather vane A wind vane, weather vane, or weathercock is an instrument used for showing the direction of the wind. It is typically used as an architectural ornament to the highest point of a building. The word ''vane'' comes from the Old English word , m ...


Tenement at 13

1910 Early
Modern architecture Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural movement or architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that form ...
, elements of
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
This semi-detached house at then ''Bollmann Straße 12'', was commissioned by Paul Kramm, working in the
telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas p ...
business. In the 1920s, it was the property of a physician, Dr Klimkiewicz. Massive house with a bony
avant-corps An ''avant-corps'' ( it, avancorpo or , plural , german: Risalit, pl, ryzalit), a French term literally meaning "fore-body", is a part of a building, such as a porch or pavilion, that juts out from the ''corps de logis'', often taller than othe ...
. The entry facade on the side mixes
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
motifs on the door
pediment Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds. A pedimen ...
and
modern style The Modern Style is a style of architecture, art, and design that first emerged in the United Kingdom in the mid-1880s. It is the first Art Nouveau style worldwide, and it represents the evolution of the Arts and Crafts movement which was native ...
openings above. File:Krakowska 13 bis.jpg, View from the street File:Krakowska 13 detail.jpg,
Portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
decoration


Tenement at 14

1909
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
This building located initially at ''Bollmann Straße 6'' was first owned by Gustav Winter, a rentier. A few years later, another rentier, August Blumenstein, bought the tenement: he lived till the outbreak of
WWII World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. The main elevation echoes the other
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
buildings in the same street from this period (Nr.4 and 6), with its middle
avant-corps An ''avant-corps'' ( it, avancorpo or , plural , german: Risalit, pl, ryzalit), a French term literally meaning "fore-body", is a part of a building, such as a porch or pavilion, that juts out from the ''corps de logis'', often taller than othe ...
, the curved
gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
and the flanking shed
dormer A dormer is a roofed structure, often containing a window, that projects vertically beyond the plane of a pitched roof. A dormer window (also called ''dormer'') is a form of roof window. Dormers are commonly used to increase the usable space ...
s. File:Krakowska 14.jpg, Main elevation File:Krakowska 14 door.jpg, Door detail


Tenement at 15

1910
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
, elements of
Modern architecture Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural movement or architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that form ...
Carl Schmerberg, working as assistant for the
telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas p ...
, was the first landlord of the building at then ''Bollmann Straße 11''. In 2016, a heavy reconstruction of the tenement has revived some nice
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
details: large
cartouche In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a cartouche is an oval with a line at one end tangent to it, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name. The first examples of the cartouche are associated with pharaohs at the end of the Third Dynasty, but the fea ...
, window
pediment Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds. A pedimen ...
or superbly adorned
oeil-de-boeuf An ''oeil-de-boeuf'' (; en, "bull's eye"), also ''œil de bœuf'' and sometimes anglicized as ''ox-eye window'', is a relatively small elliptical or circular window, typically for an upper storey, and sometimes set in a roof slope as a do ...
above the main entrance. File:Krakowska 15.jpg, View of Nr.15, with Nr.17 & 19 in the background File:Krakowska 15 main.jpg, Main elevation File:Krakowska 15 detail.jpg,
Portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
decoration


Tenement at 16

1910 Functionalism Paul Bigalke, a rentier, commissioned the building at then ''Bollmann Straße 7''. The building has been entirely reconstructed in the 1930s with a
modern Modern may refer to: History * Modern history ** Early Modern period ** Late Modern period *** 18th century *** 19th century *** 20th century ** Contemporary history * Moderns, a faction of Freemasonry that existed in the 18th century Phil ...
architectural style. Only the main door kept some
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
design. File:Krakowska 16 v2.jpg, Main facade


Tenement at 17

1906
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
Reinhold Krampiß, a rentier, was the first landlord of then ''Bollmann Straße 10''. Next one was a shop assistant, Kurt ßrillwitz. The building has a standard shape, with a middle
avant-corps An ''avant-corps'' ( it, avancorpo or , plural , german: Risalit, pl, ryzalit), a French term literally meaning "fore-body", is a part of a building, such as a porch or pavilion, that juts out from the ''corps de logis'', often taller than othe ...
topped by a
wrought iron Wrought iron is an iron alloy with a very low carbon content (less than 0.08%) in contrast to that of cast iron (2.1% to 4%). It is a semi-fused mass of iron with fibrous slag Inclusion (mineral), inclusions (up to 2% by weight), which give it a ...
balcony A balcony (from it, balcone, "scaffold") is a platform projecting from the wall of a building, supported by columns or console brackets, and enclosed with a balustrade, usually above the ground floor. Types The traditional Maltese balcony is ...
. The facade is highly decorated, with
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
architectural details: mainly vegetal motifs over
pediment Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds. A pedimen ...
openings and women figures. File:Bdg ul Krakowska 4 4-2015.jpg, Main elevation on the street File:Bdg ul Krakowska 5 4-2015.jpg, Top
balcony A balcony (from it, balcone, "scaffold") is a platform projecting from the wall of a building, supported by columns or console brackets, and enclosed with a balustrade, usually above the ground floor. Types The traditional Maltese balcony is ...
File:Bdg ul Krakowska 6 4-2015.jpg, Detail of the
portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
File:Bdg ul Krakowska 7 4-2015.jpg,
Pediment Pediments are gables, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the lintel, or entablature, if supported by columns. Pediments can contain an overdoor and are usually topped by hood moulds. A pedimen ...
detail


Tenement at 18

1895 Functionalism First landlord was Rudolf Berndt, a rentier. The building having been re-constructed in the 1920s and today it displays a
modern Modern may refer to: History * Modern history ** Early Modern period ** Late Modern period *** 18th century *** 19th century *** 20th century ** Contemporary history * Moderns, a faction of Freemasonry that existed in the 18th century Phil ...
architectural style. One can notice the heavily decorated
portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
, with
column A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. ...
s, a triangular tympanum, a large
lintel A lintel or lintol is a type of beam (a horizontal structural element) that spans openings such as portals, doors, windows and fireplaces. It can be a decorative architectural element, or a combined ornamented structural item. In the case of w ...
and a nicely craved door with a transom light. File:Krakowska 18.jpg, Main elevation File:Krakowska 18 door.jpg, Main door


Tenement at 19

Early 1920s Late
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
& early
Modern architecture Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural movement or architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that form ...
Although the building has been erected in the 1920s and boasts elements of this period, it also displays some late
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
details ( ogee
gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
,
lintel A lintel or lintol is a type of beam (a horizontal structural element) that spans openings such as portals, doors, windows and fireplaces. It can be a decorative architectural element, or a combined ornamented structural item. In the case of w ...
and
portal Portal often refers to: * Portal (architecture), an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, or the extremities (ends) of a tunnel Portal may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * ''Portal'' (series), two video games ...
). File:Krakowska 19 top.jpg,
Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
decoration File:Krakowska 19 v2.jpg, Main elevation File:Krakowska 19 door.jpg, Main door


Villa at 21

1883 (1911)
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
Albeit the facade of the villa boasts 1883 as foundation date, no written accessible evidence can support this fact. First recorded landlord was August Kähler, in 1911, a
telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas p ...
assistant. Following owners were mainly rentiers. A private English language and literature school name after " William Wharton", has been opened there in 1993. Few
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
elements can still be noticed: an eyelid
dormer A dormer is a roofed structure, often containing a window, that projects vertically beyond the plane of a pitched roof. A dormer window (also called ''dormer'') is a form of roof window. Dormers are commonly used to increase the usable space ...
, a slight
bay window A bay window is a window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room. Types Bay window is a generic term for all protruding window constructions, regardless of whether they are curved or angular, or r ...
, a pair of
pilaster In classical architecture Classical architecture usually denotes architecture which is more or less consciously derived from the principles of Greek and Roman architecture of classical antiquity, or sometimes even more specifically, from the ...
s on the facade and two
finial A finial (from '' la, finis'', end) or hip-knob is an element marking the top or end of some object, often formed to be a decorative feature. In architecture, it is a small decorative device, employed to emphasize the Apex (geometry), apex of a d ...
s over the roof. File:Krakowska 21.jpg, Main frontage File:Krakowska 19 21.jpg, Nr.21 (right) and 19 (left) File:Krakowska 21 door.jpg, Main entry door File:Krakowska 21 detail.jpg, Detail of
stucco Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and a ...


See also

*
Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more ...
*
Bydgoszcz Architects (1850-1970s) Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more ...


References


External links

*
English school at Nr.21
{{Bydgoszcz streets and squares Cultural heritage monuments in Bydgoszcz Streets and squares in Bydgoszcz Villas in Bydgoszcz