Kozakowice is a village in
Gmina Goleszów,
Cieszyn County
__NOTOC__
Cieszyn County ( pl, powiat cieszyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Czech and Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result o ...
,
Silesian Voivodeship, southern
Poland, close to the border with the
Czech Republic. It lies in the
Silesian Foothills and in the historical region of
Cieszyn Silesia. Traditionally as weel as currently they form two
sołectwos: Kozakowice Dolne and Kozakowice Górne.
History
The village was first mentioned in a Latin document of
Diocese of Wrocław called ''
Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis
Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis ( pl, Księga uposażeń biskupstwa wrocławskiego, ''Book of endowments of the Bishopric of Wrocław'') is a Latin manuscript catalog of documents compiled in the later 13th or in the early 14th centu ...
'' from around 1305 as ''item in Goschegowitz debent esse XIII) mansi''. It meant that the village was supposed to pay a
tithe from 13
greater lans. The creation of the village was a part of a larger settlement campaign taking place in the late 13th century on the territory of what will be later known as
Upper Silesia.
Politically the village belonged initially to the
Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of
feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of
Piast dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 930–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of king Casimir III the Great.
Branch ...
. In 1327 the duchy became a
fee of the
Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the
Habsburg monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
.
In the early 18th century they were subdivided into two separate villages: Kozakowice Małe (''Klein Kozakowice'', later Kozakowice Dolne) and Kozakowice Wielkie (''Gros Kozakowice'', later Kozakowice Górne).
After
Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire
The Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire were a set of revolutions that took place in the Austrian Empire from March 1848 to November 1849. Much of the revolutionary activity had a nationalist character: the Empire, ruled from Vienna, incl ...
a modern
municipal division was introduced in the re-established
Austrian Silesia. Kozakowice as two separate municipalities were subscribed to the
political district of
Bielsko and the
legal district of
Skoczów. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population Kozakowice Dolne grew from 217 in 1880 to 277 in 1910 and of Kozakowice Górne from 233 in 1880 to 276 in 1910. In both villages a majority of the inhabitants were native Polish-speakers (99.1%-100% in Kozakowice Dolne and 99.3%-100% in Kozakowice Górne; not more than 2 people speaking a different language), in terms of religion the majority were
Protestants
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to b ...
(in 1910 90.6 in Kozakowice Dolne and 82.6% in Kozakowice Górne), followed by
Roman Catholics
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
(in 1910 9.4% in Kozakowice Dolne and 17.4% in Kozakowice Górne).
The villages were also traditionally inhabited by
Cieszyn Vlachs
The Cieszyn Vlachs ( pl, Wałasi cieszyńscy, cs, Těšínští Valaši) are a Polish ethnographic group (subgroup of Silesians) living around the towns of Cieszyn and Skoczów, one of the four major ethnographic groups in Cieszyn Silesia, t ...
, speaking
Cieszyn Silesian dialect.
After
World War I, fall of
Austria-Hungary,
Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of
Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, they became a part of
Poland. They were then
annexed
Annexation (Latin ''ad'', to, and ''nexus'', joining), in international law, is the forcible acquisition of one state's territory by another state, usually following military occupation of the territory. It is generally held to be an illegal act ...
by
Nazi Germany at the beginning of
World War II. After the war they were restored to
Poland.
People
Andrzej Cinciała, Polish lawyer and activist was born here.
Footnotes
External links
*
Description at the Gmina Goleszów website
Villages in Cieszyn County
Cieszyn Silesia
{{Cieszyn-geo-stub