Koohrang (also known as Kouhrang and Kurang) is the name of a river, originating in the

Zagros The Zagros Mountains ( ar, جبال زاغروس, translit=Jibal Zaghrus; fa, کوه‌های زاگرس, Kuh hā-ye Zāgros; ku, چیاکانی زاگرۆس, translit=Çiyakani Zagros; Turkish: ''Zagros Dağları''; Luri: ''Kuh hā-ye Zāgro ...

mountains of western

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

, which joins the Beheštābād river () to form the

Karun The Karun ( fa, کارون, ) is the Iranian river with the highest water flow, and its only navigable river. It is long. It rises in the Zard Kuh mountains of the Bakhtiari people, Bakhtiari district in the Zagros Range, receiving many tribut ...

, Iran's largest (by volume) river. A series of tunnels (Kuhrang Tunnels) have been built since the 1950s to redirect some of the Kuhrang's water toward the

Zayandeh River Zayanderud ( fa, Zāyanderud, script=Latn, from "fertile" or "life giver", and "river"), also spelled as ''Zayandeh-Rood'' or ''Zayanderood'', is the largest river of the Iranian Plateau in central Iran. Geography The Zayandeh starts in t ...

to meet the demands of increased population in

Esfahan Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...

and

Yazd Yazd ( fa, یزد ), formerly also known as Yezd, is the capital of Yazd Province, Iran. The city is located southeast of Isfahan. At the 2016 census, the population was 1,138,533. Since 2017, the historical city of Yazd is recognized as a Worl ...

provinces. The

basin encompasses about and is connected to the upper

River basin (which drains to the Persian Gulf) by the

Kuhrang Dam and Tunnel 1 The Kouhrang 1 Dam is a masonry gravity dam on the Kouhrang River about southwest of Chelgard in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. The primary purpose of the dam is to divert up to of water annually via the long Kouhrang 1 Tunnel to the ...

() constructed in 1953 although first proposed in the early sixteenth century. Two additional tunnels ( Kurang 2 and Kurang 3) were constructed in late 1990s and early 2000s. A hydroelectric dam at Godar-e Langar (also known as Karun-4) would also supply piped water to Esfahan away if it is completed (Whitley and Gallagher, 1995). Dams have deleterious effects on a riverine fish and other fauna and are often stocked with exotic species. The upper Karun has not been well explored for endemic taxa. Mean annual flow of the Zayandeh River is estimated at and is used mostly for agriculture, but an increase in population and industry has necessitated dam construction (

Chadegan Reservoir Zayanderud Dam, also spelled Zayandeh Rud Dam formerly known as the Shah Abbas Dam, is an arch dam on the Zayandeh River about east of Chadegan, Iran. The primary purpose of the dam is water supply to Isfahan which lies to the east. It also sup ...

, capacity ) and diversion schemes. There is also the

Hana Hana or HANA may refer to: Places Europe * Haná, an ethnic region in Moravia, Czech Republic * Traianoupoli, Greece, called Hana during the Ottoman period * Hana, Norway, a borough in the city of Sandnes, Norway West Asia * Hana, Iran, a ci ...

Dam on the Hana River at

Semirom Semirom ( fa, سميرم, also Romanized as Semīrom, Samirum, and Sīmrom) is a city and capital of Semirom County, Isfahan Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country loc ...

with a height of and a capacity of .

References

Rivers of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province Khuzestan Province {{Iran-river-stub