The Kosmos-1 (
GRAU
The Main Missile and Artillery Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (), commonly referred to by its transliterated Russian acronym GRAU (), is a department of the Russian Ministry of Defense. It is subordinate to the ...
Index: 65S3,
also known as Cosmos-1) was a
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
carrier rocket
A launch vehicle or carrier rocket is a rocket designed to carry a payload (spacecraft or satellites) from the Earth's surface to outer space. Most launch vehicles operate from a launch pad, launch pads, supported by a missile launch contro ...
(
Kosmos (rocket family)
The Kosmos (also spelled Cosmos, Russian: ) rockets were a series of Soviet and subsequently Russian rockets, derived from the R-12 and R-14 missiles, the best known of which is the Kosmos-3M, which has made over 440 launches. The Kosmos family ...
), derived from the
R-14 missile, which was used to orbit satellites in 1964 and 1965. It served as an interim, and was quickly replaced by the
Kosmos-3
The Kosmos-3 ( GRAU Index: 11K65, also known as Cosmos-3) was a Soviet carrier rocket ( Kosmos (rocket family)), derived from the R-14 missile, which was used to orbit satellites between 1966 and 1968. It was quickly replaced by the modernised K ...
. Eight were flown, and all launches occurred from
Site 41/15 at the
Baikonur Cosmodrome
The Baikonur Cosmodrome ( kk, Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, translit=Baiqoñyr ğaryş ailağy, ; russian: Космодром Байконур, translit=Kosmodrom Baykonur, ) is a spaceport in an area of southern Kazakhstan leased to R ...
.
Initial development was authorised in October 1961,
leading to a maiden flight on 18 August 1964, carrying three
Strela satellites. Strela-1 satellites were flown on seven flights, with three satellites on each of the first four flights, and five satellites on the next three flights. The eighth, and final, flight carried a single Strela-2 satellite. All flights were successful except the second.
Launch history
See also
*
Kosmos-2I
Kosmos-2I (GRAU Index: 11K63, also known as Cosmos-2I and also known by the designation Kosmos-2) is the designation applied to two Soviet carrier rockets, members of the R-12 Kosmos rocket family, which were used to orbit satellites between 196 ...
*
Kosmos-3M
The Kosmos-3M (russian: Космос-3М meaning "''Cosmos''", GRAU index 11K65M) was a Russian space launch vehicle, member of the Kosmos rocket family. It was a liquid-fueled two-stage launch vehicle, first launched in 1967 and with over 420 ...
References
{{Expendable launch systems
Space launch vehicles of the Soviet Union
Vehicles introduced in 1964
1964 in spaceflight
1965 in spaceflight