![Koprivnica kolodvor - panoramio](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Koprivnica_kolodvor_-_panoramio.jpg)
Koprivnica () is a city in
Northern Croatia
Northern Croatia or North Croatia ( hr, Sjeverna Hrvatska, ) refers to the northern parts of Croatia, encompassing Zagreb, Varaždin, Međimurje, Zagorje and Koprivnica-Križevci counties, including the cities of Zagreb, Varaždin, Čakovec, ...
, located 70 kilometers northeast of
Zagreb
Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...
. It is the capital and the largest city of the
Koprivnica-Križevci county
Koprivnica-Križevci County ( hr, Koprivničko-križevačka županija ; hu, Kapronca-Kőrös megye) is a county in Northern Croatia. Its hyphenated name comes from two entities: the two of its largest cities, Koprivnica and Križevci; Koprivn ...
. In 2011, the city's administrative area of 90.94 km
2 had a total population of 30,854, with 23,955 in the city proper.
Population
The list of settlements in the Koprivnica municipality is:
*
Bakovčica
Bakovčica is a village in Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, ...
, population 321
*
Draganovec, population 506
*
Herešin
Herešin is a village in Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, ...
, population 728
*
Jagnjedovec, population 344
* Koprivnica, population 23,955
*
Kunovec Breg
Kunovec Breg is a village in Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map = ...
, population 641
*
Reka
Reka may refer to:
Places
* Řeka, a village in the Czech Republic
* Reka, Cerkno, a village near Cerkno, Slovenia
* Reka, Laško, a village near Laško, Slovenia
* Reka (Kladovo), a village near Kladovo, Serbia
* Reka, Koprivnica, a village ne ...
, population 1,507
*
Starigrad, population 2,386
*
Štaglinec
Štaglinec is a village in Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
...
, population 466
Geography
Koprivnica (
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
: ''Kopreinitz'',
Hungarian: ''Kapronca'') is situated at a strategic location – on the slopes of
Bilogora Bilogora (Bilo-gora, or ''Bilogorje'', ''Bilo-gorje'') is a low mountainous range in Central Croatia. It consists of a series of hills and small plains some 80 kilometres in length stretching in the direction northwest-southeast, along the southwest ...
and
Kalnik to the south and river Drava to the north. Its position enabled it to develop numerous amenities for the wider area such as trade, crafts and administration, and in the 13th
century
A century is a period of 100 years. Centuries are numbered ordinally in English and many other languages. The word ''century'' comes from the Latin ''centum'', meaning ''one hundred''. ''Century'' is sometimes abbreviated as c.
A centennial or ...
Koprivnica became a town settlement. Koprivnica was named after the stream of the same name, which was first mentioned at the beginning of the 13th century during the
Hungarian Kingdom
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
.
Education
Universities
Koprivnica and
Varaždin
)
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, image_skyline =
, image_flag = Flag of Varaždin.svg
, flag_size =
, image_seal =
, seal_size =
, image_shield = Grb_Grad ...
took part in establishing the
University North
The University North ( hr, Sveučilište Sjever) is a public university in Croatia that operates in two university centres, Koprivnica and Varaždin. It is the fifth largest university in Croatia based on the number of students and the only pub ...
, a public national university that operates in both cities since 2015.
University North (University centre Koprivnica)
*Department of Media and Communication
*Department of Environmental protection, recycling and packaging
*Department of Communication, Media and Journalism
*Department of Logistics and Sustainable Mobility
*Department of Business and Management
*Department of Food Technology
*Department of Art Studies
*Department of Computing and Informatics
History
Koprivnica has a history similar to that of nearby
Varaždin
)
, image_photo =
, image_skyline =
, image_flag = Flag of Varaždin.svg
, flag_size =
, image_seal =
, seal_size =
, image_shield = Grb_Grad ...
: it was first mentioned in 1272 in a document by prince
László IV and declared a free royal town by king
Lajos I in 1356, and flourished as a trading place and a military fortress since that time.
In the 14th century, the town settlement further developed due to increased trade under the influence of Varaždin. During the construction of
Renaissance
The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ideas ...
fortification in the second half of the 16th century Koprivnica was the centre of the Slavonian military border. Koprivnica counted among its troops musketeers, German soldiers, hussars and infantry. At that time the Renaissance square emerged together with the Town hall which emphasized its Renaissance identity, so Koprivnica can today be legitimately considered a renaissance town.
The military aspect set it back somewhat when it was included in the
Military Frontier
The Military Frontier (german: Militärgrenze, sh-Latn, Vojna krajina/Vojna granica, Војна крајина/Војна граница; hu, Katonai határőrvidék; ro, Graniță militară) was a borderland of the Habsburg monarchy and l ...
in the 16th century during the wars with the
Ottoman Turks
The Ottoman Turks ( tr, Osmanlı Türkleri), were the Turkic founding and sociopolitically the most dominant ethnic group of the Ottoman Empire ( 1299/1302–1922).
Reliable information about the early history of Ottoman Turks remains scarce, ...
, but after
Maria Theresia
Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina (german: Maria Theresia; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was ruler of the Habsburg dominions from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position ''suo jure'' (in her own right). ...
's decree of 1765 it resumed life as a peaceful little merchant town which it was in reality.
Its position on the border of
Habsburg monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
and
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
influenced the environment, economic, social and demographic changes, as well as everyday life. Koprivnica can therefore be considered a border town. In the second half of the 17th century Koprivnica was among the most developed royal towns in the Croatian-Slavonian Kingdom and its economic growth was initially based on strong trade activity. The fact that the three most significant churches (
St. Nicholas
Saint Nicholas of Myra, ; la, Sanctus Nicolaus (traditionally 15 March 270 – 6 December 343), also known as Nicholas of Bari, was an early Christian bishop of Greek descent from the maritime city of Myra in Asia Minor (; modern-day Demre ...
,
St. Anthony of
Padua
Padua ( ; it, Padova ; vec, Pàdova) is a city and ''comune'' in Veneto, northern Italy. Padua is on the river Bacchiglione, west of Venice. It is the capital of the province of Padua. It is also the economic and communications hub of the ...
with the Franciscan monastery and church of the Assumption of Virgin Mary in Mocile further illustrates the economic power of the town in the 17th century. Economic activity was moved outside the town fortifications and this resulted in the wide and spacious baroque squares – today's Zrinski square and Jelačić square. At the same time the oldest streets evolved and they established the development base for the town until the present day.
In the 19th century, the old Renaissance and Baroque housing and buildings associated with trade were replaced by the now historical architecture and the new town centre acquired its present appearance. In 1863, the main part of the future town park was planted, and the removal of the old fortification together with the construction of the railway determined the regional development of the town. Railway connections enabled the development of industry and further established Koprivnica as a leading centre of the Podravina region. The
Koprivnica Synagogue was built in 1875 in the centre of Koprivnica. Today it is listed as a cultural monument.
In the late 19th century and early 20th century, Koprivnica was a district capital in the
Bjelovar-Križevci County
The Bjelovar-Križevci County ( hr, Bjelovarsko-križevačka županija; hu, Belovár-Kőrös vármegye) was a historic administrative subdivision of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. Croatia-Slavonia was an autonomous kingdom within the Lands ...
of the
Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia ( hr, Kraljevina Hrvatska i Slavonija; hu, Horvát-Szlavónország or ; de-AT, Königreich Kroatien und Slawonien) was a nominally autonomous kingdom and constitutionally defined separate political nation with ...
. The first
concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: '' mass concentration'', ''molar concentration'', ''number concentration'', an ...
and
extermination camp
Nazi Germany used six extermination camps (german: Vernichtungslager), also called death camps (), or killing centers (), in Central Europe during World War II to systematically murder over 2.7 million peoplemostly Jewsin the Holocaust. The v ...
established in the
Independent State of Croatia
The Independent State of Croatia ( sh, Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH; german: Unabhängiger Staat Kroatien; it, Stato indipendente di Croazia) was a World War II-era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist It ...
during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
was the
Danica concentration camp
Danica was the first concentration and extermination camp established in the Independent State of Croatia during World War II. It was established in Koprivnica (modern-day Croatia) on 15 or 20 April 1941 in the deserted building of former fertiliz ...
established in Koprivnica.
[: "April 20: The first concentration camp in Yugoslavia, Danica. near Virovitica, opens; "]
Koprivnica developed significantly in the 20th century with the advent of the ''
Podravka
Podravka d.d. is a Croatian food company based in Koprivnica. Founded in 1934, today it is one of the largest food companies in Southeast Europe.
History
1934–1990
The brothers Marijan and Matija Wolf founded the company on 14 June 1934. A ...
''
food
Food is any substance consumed by an organism for nutritional support. Food is usually of plant, animal, or fungal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is inge ...
industry
Industry may refer to:
Economics
* Industry (economics), a generally categorized branch of economic activity
* Industry (manufacturing), a specific branch of economic activity, typically in factories with machinery
* The wider industrial sector ...
, known worldwide for its
Vegeta
( ), also referred as is a fictional character in the ''Dragon Ball'' franchise created by Akira Toriyama. Vegeta first appears in chapter #204 "Sayonara, Son Goku", published in ''Weekly Shōnen Jump'' magazine on November 7, 1988, seeking ...
spice. They even have a museum devoted to the firm of Podravka.
The annual "
motifs of ''Podravina''" event is when the whole town becomes a gallery of
naïve art
Naïve art is usually defined as visual art that is created by a person who lacks the formal education and training that a professional artist undergoes (in anatomy, art history, technique, perspective, ways of seeing). When this aesthetic is ...
. Many of the greatest Croatian naïve artists come from the villages along the
in this county, notably
Ivan Generalić
Ivan Generalić (December 21, 1914 – November 27, 1992) was a Croatian painter in the naïve tradition.
Biography
Generalić was born in Hlebine near Koprivnica. In elementary school, painting lessons were his greatest joy and as a child ...
.
Notable people
*
Vanna
Vanna () is a given name that first appeared in recorded European history circa 1294. The Italian medieval feminine name originated in Tuscany, and is particular to Florence, Italy.
Though similar in pronunciation to the Italian name Giovanna, an ...
*
Zlata Bartl
Zlata Bartl ( Dolac, 20 February 1920 – Koprivnica, 30 July 2008) was a Bosnian Croat scientist and is the creator of Vegeta.
Bartl finished school in Sarajevo and went to Zagreb to study natural sciences, engineering, medicine and health, biote ...
*
Ivan Brkić
*
Stjepan Brodarić
Stephanus Brodericus ( hr, Stjepan Brodarić; hu, Brodarics István; c. 1480 – 17 November 1539) was a Croatian– Hungarian bishop, diplomat, chancellor and humanist writer. He started his studies in Pécs and continued at the universities of ...
*
Žarko Dolinar
Žarko Dolinar (3 July 1920 – 9 March 2003), Ph.D., was a biologist and table tennis player who won eight medals at the World Table Tennis Championships.
He was born in a family of Slovene economic immigrants to Croatia. In 1939, at the age ...
*
Ivica Hiršl
*
Baltazar Dvorničić Napuly
*
Ivan Generalić
Ivan Generalić (December 21, 1914 – November 27, 1992) was a Croatian painter in the naïve tradition.
Biography
Generalić was born in Hlebine near Koprivnica. In elementary school, painting lessons were his greatest joy and as a child ...
*
Ivan Golac
Ivan Golac ( sr-cyr, Иван Голац, ; born 15 June 1950) is a Yugoslav former professional football player and manager.
A Yugoslav international right-back, he is best known as a player and manager of FK Partizan, of Belgrade. In the Unit ...
*
Slavko Löwy
Slavko Löwy (August 7, 1904 – April 1, 1996) was well-known Croatian architect.
Background, family and education
Löwy was born in Koprivnica to a respectable and wealthy Croatian Jewish family, who were engaged in trade. In Koprivnica he att ...
*
Armin Schreiner
*
Milivoj Solar
Milivoj Solar (born 8 April 1936) is a Croatian literary theorist and literary historian.
Solar was born in Koprivnica. At the University of Zagreb Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences he earned a degree in philosophy and Yugoslav studies ...
*
Dejan Šomoci
*
Branko Švarc
Sources
*
*
*
* Rudolf Horvat, "Povijest slob. i kr. grada Koprivnice", Zagreb, 1943.
* Leander Brozović, "Građa za povijest Koprivnice", crteži i skice Stjepan Kukec, Koprivnica 1978.
* Milan Prelog,
Ivanka Reberski, ur., ''Koprivnica – grad i spomenici'', Zagreb 1986.
* Nada Klaić, "Koprivnica u srednjem vijeku", Koprivnica 1987.
* Dragutin Feletar, "Podravina : općine Đurđevac, Koprivnica i Ludbreg u prošlosti i sadašnjosti", Koprivnica : Centar za kulturu, 1988.
*
* Mirela Slukan Altić, ur., ''Povijesni atlas gradova - Koprivnica'', Zagreb-Koprivnica 2005.
Gallery
References
External links
*
{{Coord, 46, 09, N, 16, 49, E, region:HR_type:city, display=title
Populated places in Koprivnica-Križevci County
Bjelovar-Križevci County
Cities and towns in Croatia
13th-century establishments in Croatia
1272 establishments in Europe
Populated places established in the 13th century