Konoshsky District (russian: Ко́ношский райо́н) is an administrative district (
raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is co ...
), one of the
twenty-one in
Arkhangelsk Oblast,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
.
[Law #65-5-OZ] As a
municipal division, it is incorporated as Konoshsky Municipal District.
[Law #258-vneoch.-OZ] It is located in the southwest of the
oblast
An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdo ...
and borders with
Nyandomsky District
Nyandomsky District (russian: Ня́ндомский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.Law #65-5-OZ As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Nyandomsky Municipal Distri ...
in the north,
Velsky District
Velsky District (russian: Ве́льский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.Law #65-5-OZ As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Velsky Municipal District.Law #258-v ...
in the east,
Verkhovazhsky,
Vozhegodsky, and
Kirillovsky District
Kirillovsky District (russian: Кири́лловский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #371-OZ and municipalLaw #1116-OZ district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast and borde ...
s of
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast ( rus, Вологодская область, p=vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ, r=Vologodskaya oblast, ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The Oblast has a population of 1,202,44 ...
in the south, and with
Kargopolsky District
Kargopolsky District (russian: Каргопо́льский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.Law #65-5-OZ As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Kargopolsky Municipa ...
in the west. The area of the district is .
Its
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
is the
urban locality (an
urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlementrussian: посёлок городско́го ти́па, translit=posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: russian: п.г.т., translit=p.g.t.; ua, селище міського типу, translit=selyshche mis'koho typu, ab ...
) of
Konosha
Konosha (russian: Коноша) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Konosha River, south of Arkhangelsk. It also serves as the administr ...
.
Population: The population of Konosha accounts for 47.6% of the district's total population.
History
The area was populated by speakers of
Uralic languages
The Uralic languages (; sometimes called Uralian languages ) form a language family of 38 languages spoken by approximately 25million people, predominantly in Northern Eurasia. The Uralic languages with the most native speakers are Hungarian (w ...
and then colonized by the
Novgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a medieval state that existed from the 12th to 15th centuries, stretching from the Gulf of Finland in the west to the northern Ural Mountains in the east, including the city of Novgorod and the Lake Ladoga regions of mod ...
. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the
Grand Duchy of Moscow. In the course of the
administrative reform carried out in 1708 by
Peter the Great, the area was split between Ingermanland Governorate (known from 1710 as
Saint Petersburg Governorate
Saint Petersburg Governorate (russian: Санкт-Петербу́ргская губе́рния, ''Sankt-Peterburgskaya guberniya''), or Government of Saint Petersburg, was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia ...
), and from 1727, a separate
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate (Pre-reformed rus, Новгоро́дская губе́рнія, r=Novgorodskaya guberniya, p=ˈnofɡərətskəjə ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə, t=Government of Novgorod), was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Ru ...
(west) and
Archangelgorod Governorate (east). In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into
Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty (russian: Волого́дское наме́стничество) was an administrative division (a '' namestnichestvo'') of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796. The seat of the Viceroyalty was located in Vologda ...
and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Konoshsky District was then split between
Kargopolsky Uyezd of
Olonets Governorate
The Olonets Governorate or Government of Olonets was a '' guberniya'' (governorate) of north-western Imperial Russia, extending from Lake Ladoga almost to the White Sea, bounded west by Finland, north and east by Arkhangelsk and Vologda, and sout ...
,
Kirillovsky Uyezd Kirillovsky Uyezd (''Кирилловский уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Novgorod Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Kirillov.
Demograph ...
of
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate (Pre-reformed rus, Новгоро́дская губе́рнія, r=Novgorodskaya guberniya, p=ˈnofɡərətskəjə ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə, t=Government of Novgorod), was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Ru ...
, and
Velsky and
Kadnikovsky Uyezd
Kadnikovsky Uyezd () was one of the subdivisions of the Vologda Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southwestern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Kadnikov. In terms of present-day administrative borders, ...
s of
Vologda Governorate
Vologda Governorate (russian: link=no, Вологодская губерния, ''Vologodskaya guberniya'', ''Government of Vologda'') was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed fr ...
. On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into the
Northern Krai
Northern Krai (russian: Северный край, ''Severny Krai'') was a ''krai'' (a first-level administrative and municipal unit) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1936. Its seat was in the city of Arkhangelsk. ...
, and Konoshsky District was established among others. It became a part of
Nyandoma Okrug
Nyandoma (russian: Ня́ндома) is a town and the administrative center of Nyandomsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located south of Arkhangelsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:
History
Nyandoma was founded in ...
of Northern Krai.
In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1930, the okrug was abolished, and the district was subordinated to the central administration of Northern Krai. In 1931, Konoshsky District was abolished, but it was re-created on March 21–22, 1935.
In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into
Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Konoshsky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since.
Location and geography
The district is divided between the
basins
Basin may refer to:
Geography and geology
* Depression (geology)
** Back-arc basin, a submarine feature associated with island arcs and subduction zones
** Debris basin, designed to prevent damage from debris flow
** Drainage basin (hydrology), a ...
of the
Onega,
Sukhona, and
Vaga River
The Vaga (russian: Вага) is a river in Totemsky, Syamzhensky, and Verkhovazhsky Districts of Vologda Oblast and in Velsky, Shenkursky, and Vinogradovsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a left and the biggest tributary of ...
s, although none of these rivers flows through the district. The rivers in the northwestern part of Konoshsky District drain into the Onega, with the major river being the
Voloshka. The northwestern shore of
Lake Vozhe
Lake Vozhe, also known as Lake Charondskoye (russian: Воже, Чарондское), is a lake in the northern part of Vologda Oblast in Russia. The area of the lake is , and the area of its basin is . The average depth is around (maximum depth ...
, also in the basin of the Onega River, belongs to Konoshsky District, but the lake itself is in Vologda Oblast. The
Kubena River
The Kubena (russian: Кубена) is a river in Konoshsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vozhegodsky, Syamzhensky, Kharovsky, Sokolsky, and Ust-Kubinsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its basin . Th ...
, which drains into
Lake Kubenskoye
Lake Kubenskoye (russian: Кубенское озеро) is a large and shallow lake in Vologda Oblast of Russia, situated at the height of 110.1 metres above mean sea level, stretching for 54 km from north-west to south-east.
The lake area ...
(from which the Sukhona flows) has its source in the district. The east of the district is in the basin of the
Vel River and minor areas in the southwest belong to the basin of the
Pezhma, another left tributary of the Vaga.
Much of the district is covered by coniferous forests (
taiga
Taiga (; rus, тайга́, p=tɐjˈɡa; relates to Mongolic and Turkic languages), generally referred to in North America as a boreal forest or snow forest, is a biome characterized by coniferous forests consisting mostly of pines, spruc ...
).
Administrative and municipal status
The borders of Konoshsky District for the most part conform to those of the municipal district, with the exception of the settlement of
Sovza, which is
administratively a part of
Yertsevsky Selsoviet of Konoshsky District,
but is
municipally incorporated within
Ukhotskoye Rural Settlement of
Kargopolsky Municipal District.
Administrative divisions
As an administrative division, the district is divided into ten
selsoviets and one
urban-type settlement with jurisdictional territory (
Konosha
Konosha (russian: Коноша) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Konosha River, south of Arkhangelsk. It also serves as the administr ...
).
Three inhabited localities which previously had
urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlementrussian: посёлок городско́го ти́па, translit=posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: russian: п.г.т., translit=p.g.t.; ua, селище міського типу, translit=selyshche mis'koho typu, ab ...
status were downgraded to rural status in 2006. These are
Podyuga,
Voloshka, and
Yertsevo. The following selsoviets have been established (the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
s are given in parentheses):
*Danilovsky (Konosha);
*Glubokovsky (Sosnovka);
*Khmelnitsky (Papinskaya);
*Klimovsky (Klimovskaya);
*Podyuzhsky (Podyuga);
*Tavrengsky (Ponomaryovskaya);
*Vadyinsky (Toporovskaya);
*Vokhtomsky (Fominsky);
*Voloshsky (Voloshka);
*Yertsevsky (Yertsevo).
Municipal divisions
As a municipal division, the district is divided into one urban settlement and seven rural settlements (the administrative centers are given in parentheses):
*Konoshskoye Urban Settlement (
Konosha
Konosha (russian: Коноша) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Konosha River, south of Arkhangelsk. It also serves as the administr ...
);
*
Klimovskoye Rural Settlement Klimovsky (masculine), Klimovskaya (feminine), or Klimovskoye (neuter) may refer to:
*Klimovsky District
Klimovsky District (russian: Климовский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #13-Z and municipalLaw #3-Z district (raion), one of th ...
(Klimovskaya);
*
Mirny Rural Settlement (Mirny railway station);
*
Podyuzhskoye Rural Settlement (Podyuga);
*
Tavrengskoye Rural Settlement (Ponomaryovskaya);
*
Vokhtomskoye Rural Settlement (Fominsky);
*
Voloshskoye Rural Settlement (Voloshka);
*
Yertsevskoye Rural Settlement (Yertsevo).
Economy
Industry
In 2009, the most important industry in the district was timber industry (52.7% of GDP), followed by the energy development (40.8%), and by the food industry (6.4%).
Agriculture
In 2008, thirty-five farms and two agricultural companies were registered in the district. They were growing crops, potatoes, and cereals, as well as produced milk.
Transportation
![Konosha trainstation](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Konosha_trainstation.jpg)
There are paved roads in the district, connecting Konosha with
Velsk
Velsk (russian: Вельск) is a town and the administrative center of Velsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vel River at its confluence with the Vaga River, south of Arkhangelsk, the administrative ce ...
in the east and
Nyandoma
Nyandoma (russian: Ня́ндома) is a town and the administrative center of Nyandomsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located south of Arkhangelsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:
History
Nyandoma was founded in ...
in the north. The road to
Vozhega
Vozhega (russian: Вожега) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Vozhegodsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia. It also serves as the administrative center of Vozhegodsky Selsoviet, although it ...
in the south has an unpaved stretch.
Konosha
Konosha (russian: Коноша) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Konosha River, south of Arkhangelsk. It also serves as the administr ...
is a major railway hub. It is located on the railway line between
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
and
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk (, ; rus, Арха́нгельск, p=ɐrˈxanɡʲɪlʲsk), also known in English as Archangel and Archangelsk, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina near ...
(built in the south-north direction), and in Konosha, the line to
Kotlas
Kotlas (russian: Ко́тлас) is a town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Northern Dvina and Vychegda Rivers. Population:
Kotlas is the third largest town of Arkhangelsk Oblast in terms of population (after A ...
which eventually continues to
Vorkuta
Vorkuta (russian: Воркута́; kv, Вӧркута, ''Vörkuta''; Nenets for "the abundance of bears", "bear corner") is a coal-mining town in the Komi Republic, Russia, situated just north of the Arctic Circle in the Pechora coal basin ...
branches off to the east. The line from Moscow to Arkhangelsk uses the
alternating current
Alternating current (AC) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction. Alternating current is the form in whic ...
, whereas the stretch to Vorkuta does not have electrification; therefore, all trains from Moscow in the direction of Vorkuta have to change the locomotive and stop in Konosha for about twenty minutes.
Culture and recreation
The district contains nine objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance. Most of these are wooden rural houses built prior to 1917.
The only state museum in the district is Konoshsky District Museum, open in 2003.
In 1964–1965, future literature
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
winner
Joseph Brodsky was exiled to the village of
Norinskaya
Norinskaya (russian: Норинская) is a rural locality (a village) in Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 7 as of 2010.
Geography
Norinskaya is located 23 km east of Konosha
Konosha (russian: Кон ...
of Konoshsky District after being charged with
social parasitism and convicted to eighteen months of hard labor. In 1965, the sentence was commuted. In the exile, Brodsky chopped wood and also studied Russian and American literature.
References
Notes
Sources
*
*
{{Use mdy dates, date=May 2012
Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast
States and territories established in 1929
States and territories disestablished in 1931
States and territories established in 1935