Koldo Zuazo (

Eibar Eibar ( eu, Eibar, es, Éibar) is a city and municipality within the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country of Spain. It is the head town of Debabarrena, one of the '' eskualde / comarca'' of Gipuzkoa. Eibar has 27,138 inhabitants ( Eustat ...

Gipuzkoa Gipuzkoa (, , ; es, Guipúzcoa ; french: Guipuscoa) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. Its capital city is Donostia-San Sebastián. Gipuzkoa shares borders with the French depa ...

, 1956) is a Basque linguist, professor at the

University of the Basque Country The University of the Basque Country ( eu, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, ''EHU''; es, Universidad del País Vasco, ''UPV''; UPV/EHU) is a Spanish public university of the Basque Autonomous Community. Heir of the University of Bilbao, initially ...

and specialist in Basque language

dialectology Dialectology (from Greek , ''dialektos'', "talk, dialect"; and , ''-logia'') is the scientific study of linguistic dialect, a sub-field of sociolinguistics. It studies variations in language based primarily on geographic distribution and their assoc ...

and

sociolinguistics Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any or all aspects of society, including cultural Norm (sociology), norms, expectations, and context (language use), context, on the way language is used, and society's effect on languag ...

The dialects of the Basque language

Since 1998, Zuazo's work on the

Basque dialects Basque dialects are linguistic varieties of the Basque language which differ in pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar from each other and from Standard Basque. Between six and nine Basque dialects have been historically distinguished: *Biscayan ...

has drawn a new classification and a new map of these dialects—this has been a revolution in a field where few changes were made since

Louis Lucien Bonaparte Louis Lucien Bonaparte (4 January 1813 – 3 November 1891) was a French philologist. The third son of Napoleon's second surviving brother, Lucien Bonaparte, he spent much of his life outside France for political reasons. After a brief politica ...

's works (1863).Erdozia Mauleón, José Luis
"Sakanerak"
''Fontes linguae vasconum: Studia et documenta'', ISSN 0046-435X, Year no. 37, no. 98, 2005, pages. 59-78. See page 60: "Bonaparte Printzearen sailkapenak indarrean iraun du duela urte gutxi arte euskal dialektologiaren baitan, Koldo Zuazo hizkuntzalariak ''Euskalkiak gaur'' (1998) lana aurkeztu zuen arte, hain zuzen ere." According to Zuazo, the Basque dialects (together with other language innovations) originated in urban areas: #

Iruña Pamplona (; eu, Iruña or ), historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain. It is also the third-largest city in the greater Basque cultural region. Lying at near above ...

Gasteiz es, vitoriano, vitoriana, , population_density_km2 = auto , blank_name_sec1 = Official language(s) , blank_info_sec1 = Spanish, Basque , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

# Central

Biscay Biscay (; eu, Bizkaia ; es, Vizcaya ) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao. B ...

(Durango-Zornotza-Gernika-Bermeo) # Beterri in

( Donostia-Hernani-Andoain-Tolosa) # Coastal

Lapurdi Labourd ( eu, Lapurdi; la, Lapurdum; Gascon: ''Labord'') is a former French province and part of the present-day Pyrénées Atlantiques ''département''. It is one of the traditional Basque provinces, and identified as one of the territorial c ...

# The source of the Eastern dialect isn't clear, Zuazo states that it may have happened in Bearn or in

Huesca Huesca (; an, Uesca) is a city in north-eastern Spain, within the autonomous community of Aragon. It is also the capital of the Spanish province of the same name and of the comarca of Hoya de Huesca. In 2009 it had a population of 52,059, almo ...

Zuazo has observed that all dialects had a similar influence of

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

and therefore he thinks that all dialects originated after

Roman times In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC ...

. This is aligned with Mitxelena's earlier thoughts on this subject. Zuazo thinks that the Western dialect originated in Araba, based on the similarities between the dialects of

, west of

Navarre Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...

, the

Deba Deba may refer to: Geography * Deba (crater), a crater on Mars * Deba (river), a river in the Basque Country * Deba, Gipuzkoa, a town in the Basque Country * Deba, Gombe, a town in the Yamaltu/Deba Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria ...

valley and

Goierri Goierri ("Highland(s)" in Basque; es, Goyerri) or "Basque Highlands" is one of the eight ''comarcas'' (''Eskualdea'' in the Basque language) in the Spanish province of Gipuzkoa. It is composed of 18 municipalities, Beasain, Ordizia Ordizia, for ...

Bibliography

Non-fiction

* ''Euskararen batasuna'' (The standardization of Basque language). Euskaltzaindia, 1988. * ''Euskararen sendabelarrak'' (Tips and solutions for some of the problems of Basque language). Alberdania, 2000. * ''Euskara batua: ezina ekinez egina'' (The challenge of the standardization of Basque language). Elkar, 2005. * ''Deba ibarreko euskara. Dialektologia eta tokiko batua'' (Basque language in the Deba Valley. Dialects and local standards). Badihardugu, 2006. * ''Euskalkiak. Euskararen dialektoak'' (Description of the dialects of Basque language). Elkar, 2008. * ''Sakanako euskara. Burundako hizkera'' (Basque language in the region of Burunda). Nafarroako Gobernua eta Euskaltzaindia, 2010. * ''El euskera y sus dialectos'' (Basque language and its dialects). Alberdania, 2010. * ''Arabako euskara'' (Basque language in Araba). Elkar, 2012. * ''Mailopeko euskara'' (Basque language in Mailope). UPV/EHU, 2013. * ''Euskalkiak'' (The Basque dialects). Elkar, 2014. * ''Uribe Kosta, Txorierri eta Mungialdeko euskara'' (Basque language in Uribe Kosta, Txorierri and Mungialde). UPV/EHU, 2016 (in collaboration with Urtzi Goitia)

Fiction

* ''Neure buruaren alde'' (novel). Alberdania, 2011.

Other publications

Euskalkiak
(website): contains information about the standard Basque language and local standardsand dialects, combining text and media resources. Published in 2015 with the support of the

. combining text and media resources. Published in 2015 with the support of the University of the Basque Country., . .

References

External links

* Koldo Zuazo (2008)
map of Basque dialects
* Koldo Zuazo (2007)
«Euskalkien jatorriaz eta bilakaeraz»
''Berria'', 2007-12-09. * Koldo Zuazo (1997)
«Euskara Araban»
''Uztaro'', 21. zenbakia. {{DEFAULTSORT:Zuazo, Koldo Basque-language scholars 1956 births Dialectologists Sociolinguists Living people People from Eibar University of the Basque Country faculty