Koy Sanjaq, also called Koye ( ku, کۆیە, Koye, ar, كويسنجق, he, כוי סנג’ק, syr, ܟܘܝܐ) is a town and district in

Erbil Governorate ku, پارێزگای ھەولێر , other_name = , image_skyline = Collage_of_Hawler_-_Erbil_Governorate.jpg , imagesize = , image_caption = Clockwise, from top: ...

Kurdistan Region Kurdistan Region ( ku, هەرێمی کوردستان, translit=Herêmî Kurdistan; ar, إقليم كردستان), abbr. KRI, is an autonomous region in Iraq comprising the four Kurdish-majority governorates of Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Duhok, ...

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

. In the town, there is a

Chaldean Catholic , native_name_lang = syc , image = Assyrian Church.png , imagewidth = 200px , alt = , caption = Cathedral of Our Lady of Sorrows Baghdad, Iraq , abbreviation = , type ...

church of

Mar Mar, mar or MAR may refer to: Culture * Mar or Mor, an honorific in Syriac * Earl of Mar, an earldom in Scotland * MAA (singer) (born 1986), Japanese * Marathi language, by ISO 639-2 language code * March, as an abbreviation for the third mon ...

Yousif, constructed in 1923.

Etymology

The name of the town is derived from "

köy Köy is the word for "village" in Western Oghuz languages that are geographically western, such as Turkish, Ottoman Turkish and Crimean Tatar. It is a loanword from Persian ''gūy'' (or probably more likely ''kūy''), which originally means "pat ...

" ("village" in Turkish) and " sanjaq" ("flag" in Turkish), and thus Koy Sanjaq translates to "village of the flag".

History

According to local tradition, Koy Sanjaq was founded by the son of an Ottoman sultan who planted his flag and established a garrison at the site of a seasonal bazaar after having defeated a rebellion at

Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...

, and developed into a town as locals moved to the settlement to provide services to the soldiers. A Jewish community at Koy Sanjaq is first mentioned in the late 18th century, by which time it was already well established. The community had its own graveyard, and spoke both Jewish Neo-Aramaic and

Sorani Central Kurdish (), also called Sorani (), is a Kurdish dialect or a language that is spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan in western Iran. Sorani is one of the two o ...

Kurdish. A small Chaldean Catholic community was established in the town in the 19th century. In 1913, 200 Chaldean Catholics populated Koy Sanjaq, and were served by two priests and one functioning church as part of the archdiocese of Kirkuk. The Iraqi census of 1947 recorded a total population of 8198 people, with 7746 Muslims, 268 Jews, and 184 Christians. 80-100 Jews from the village of Betwata took refuge in the town for several months in 1950, increasing the size of the local community to 350-400 people, so to accompany the Jews of Koy Sanjaq when they

emigrated Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanentl ...

Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

in the following year. Koy Sanjaq had a population of 10,379 in 1965. The town was struck by Iranian airstrikes targeting the

Kurdistan Democratic Party The Kurdistan Democratic Party ( ku, Partiya Demokrat a Kurdistanê; پارتی دیموکراتی کوردستان), usually abbreviated as KDP or PDK, is the largest party in Iraqi Kurdistan and the senior partner in the Kurdistan Regional Gov ...

(KDP) base on 10 November 1994, resulting in the death of a civilian, and wounded three KDP militants. In 1999, Assyrians from the nearby village of

Armota Armota ( ar, أرموطا, , syr, ܐܪܡܘܬܐ) is a village in Erbil Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is located in the district of Koy Sanjaq. There are several churches in the village; the church of Mart Mariam was constructed in ...

protested the construction of a mosque in their village at Koy Sanjaq.

Koya University Koya University is a public university located in Koy Sanjaq, near Erbil ( Hewlêr), capital of the Erbil Governorate in the Iraqi Kurdistan region of Iraq. It was established in 2003. History The Kurdistan Regional Government opened colleges ...

was established in 2003. 35 displaced Assyrian families from

Mosul Mosul ( ar, الموصل, al-Mawṣil, ku, مووسڵ, translit=Mûsil, Turkish: ''Musul'', syr, ܡܘܨܠ, Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate. The city is considered the second large ...

were housed in a converted church building in the town in November 2014, and had not been rehoused as of April 2015. As of March 2018, 60 Assyrian families inhabit Koy Sanjaq. The Assyrian population largely speak Kurdish, but some continue to speak

Syriac Syriac may refer to: *Syriac language, an ancient dialect of Middle Aramaic *Sureth, one of the modern dialects of Syriac spoken in the Nineveh Plains region * Syriac alphabet ** Syriac (Unicode block) ** Syriac Supplement * Neo-Aramaic languages a ...

. An Iranian missile attack on the

Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan The Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI; ku, حیزبی دێموکراتی کوردستانی ئێران, Hîzbî Dêmukratî Kurdistanî Êran, HDKA; fa, حزب دموکرات کردستان ایران, Ḥezb-e Demokrāt-e Kordest� ...

headquarters in the town on 8 September 2018 killed 14 people.

Notable people

Haji Qadir Koyi Haji Qadir Koyi ( ku, حاجی قادری کۆیی, Hacî Qadirî Koyî; c. 1817-1897) was a Kurdish people, Kurdish poet. He carried on the nationalistic message of Ahmad Khani in his writings. He wanted to enlighten the people and help them to r ...

(1817-1897), Kurdish poet * Dildar (1918-1948), Kurdish poet *

Tahir Tewfiq Tahir Tewfiq ( ku, تایەر تۆفیق, ar, طاهر توفیق, also Tayer Tofiq) (1922–1987) was a popular Kurdish musician and singer. He was born in the city of Koya around Arbil, in Iraqi Kurdistan Iraqi Kurdistan or Southern ...

(1922–1987), Kurdish musician *

Fuad Masum Muhammad Fuad Masum ( ar, محمد فؤاد معصوم هورامي, translit=Muḥammad Fū’ād Ma‘ṣūm; , born 1 January 1938) is an Iraqi Kurdish politician who served as the seventh president of Iraq from 24 July 2014 to 2 October 2018. ...

(b. 1938), Kurdish politician and President of Iraq (2014-2018) * Rounak Abdulwahid Mustafa (b. 1942) First Lady of Iraq (2014-2018), wife of Fuad Masum * Aras Koyi (b. 1972), Kurdish musician

References

Notes Citations

Bibliography

* * * Cities in Iraqi Kurdistan Populated places in Erbil Governorate Kurdish settlements in Iraq Assyrian communities in Iraq Historic Jewish communities in Iraq {{Iraq-geo-stub

Etymology

History

Notable people

See also

References

Bibliography