Klavdiya Yakovlevna Latysheva (

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

: ;

Ukrainian Ukrainian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Ukraine * Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe * Something relating to demographics of Ukraine in terms of demography and population of Ukraine * So ...

: ; born 14 March 1897,

Kyiv Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

– 11 May 1956, Kyiv,

Ukrainian SSR The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ( uk, Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка, ; russian: Украи́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респ ...

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

(now Kyiv, Ukraine)) was a Soviet mathematician known for her contributions to the theory of differential equations, electrodynamics and probability. She was honoured with the

Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration b ...

and the

Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" The Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" (russian: медаль «За доблестный труд в Великой Отечественной войне 1941–1945 гг.») was a World War II civilian labour awar ...

Life

Klavdiya Yakovlevna Latysheva was born in Kyiv, Russian Empire (now Kyiv, Ukraine) on 14 March 1897 in a Russian military family. She completed her high school in 1916, and obtained a degree from the Physico-Mathematical division of the Kyiv higher women's educational institution in 1921. The rest of her education and career was at the Mykhailo Drahomanov University. Her teachers were Boris Bukreev,

Dmitry Grave Dmitry Aleksandrovich Grave (russian: Дми́трий Алекса́ндрович Гра́ве; September 6, 1863 – December 19, 1939) was an Imperial Russian and Soviet mathematician. Naum Akhiezer, Nikolai Chebotaryov, Mikhail Kravchuk, ...

, and Georgy Pfeiffer. From 1925 to 1928, she was in postgraduate studies, working on finding solutions to differential and integral equations using Mykhailo Kravchuk's method of moments. Kravchuk was her doctoral adviser. She was the first Ukrainian woman to obtain a doctorate in the mathematical and physical sciences, with her dissertation on approximate solutions of linear differential equations with singular coefficients (1936). Latysheva was an organiser of the first All-Ukrainian Mathematical Olympiad in 1936. During the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, Latysheva transferred to

Saratov Saratov (, ; rus, Сара́тов, a=Ru-Saratov.ogg, p=sɐˈratəf) is the largest city and administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Russia, and a major port on the Volga River upstream (north) of Volgograd. Saratov had a population of 901,36 ...

. She worked at the automotive and highway faculty of the

Saratov State Technical University Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov (SSTU, Russian: ''Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Гагарина Ю.А.'') was founded in 1930 as Saratov Automobile ...

. In 1946, she established a scientific group in the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of the Taras Shevchenko University to study the analytical theory of differential equations. Between 1953 and 1956, Latysheva headed this group. She was the dean of the Faculty between 1952 and 1954. For her contributions to mathematics, she was awarded the

in 1954, as well as the

. Latysheva died on 11 May 1956, and was interred in the Lukyanovsk cemetery in Kyiv.

Scientific work

Latysheva developed an effective method for the construction of solutions of linear ordinary differential equations around regular and irregular points by expanding on Poincaré's concept of rank and L. Tome's concept of anti-rank. This is now known as the Frobenius-Latysheva method. As part of this work, she determined a new type of normal and normal-regular solutions, and provided necessary and sufficient conditions for their existence. This was a major contribution, providing for the existence of closed-form solutions of

linear differential equations In mathematics, a linear differential equation is a differential equation that is defined by a linear polynomial in the unknown function and its derivatives, that is an equation of the form :a_0(x)y + a_1(x)y' + a_2(x)y'' \cdots + a_n(x)y^ = ...

with

polynomial In mathematics, a polynomial is an expression consisting of indeterminates (also called variables) and coefficients, that involves only the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and positive-integer powers of variables. An exa ...

coefficients. A series of twelve articles, published between 1946–1952, established the full results, and also simplified and extended related theorems in the analytic theory of differential equations by Poincaré, Cayley and others.

Selected publications

* «Математический задачник для химических институтов» (1932) * «Элементы приближённых вычислений» (1942) * (with N.I. Tereshchenko and G.S. Oryol) * (with N.I. Tereshchenko) * * *

References

Bibliography

* * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Latysheva, Klavdiya Soviet mathematicians Soviet women mathematicians Ukrainian women mathematicians 20th-century Ukrainian mathematicians Scientists from Kyiv 1897 births 1956 deaths Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv alumni Recipients of the Order of Lenin Academic staff of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Burials at Lukianivka Cemetery