Kinef ( rus, КИНЕФ), an

abbreviation An abbreviation (from Latin ''brevis'', meaning ''short'') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method. It may consist of a group of letters or words taken from the full version of the word or phrase; for example, the word ''abbrevia ...

for Kirishi Petroleum Organic Synthesis ( rus, Киришинефтеоргсинтез, Kirishinefteorgsintez), is a Russian joint stock

production association Production association (russian: Производственное объединение) was a form of the organization of industry in the Soviet Union. According to the ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'', it is "a single specialized production and ec ...

operating a large

oil refinery An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into useful products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, lique ...

based in

Kirishi Kirishi (russian: Ки́риши, ) is a town and the administrative center of Kirishsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volkhov River, southeast of St. Petersburg. Population: It was previously kno ...

Leningrad Oblast Leningrad Oblast ( rus, Ленинградская область, Leningradskaya oblast’, lʲɪnʲɪnˈgratskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ, , ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It was established on 1 August 1927, a ...

. It is a subsidiary of

Surgutneftegaz Surgutneftegas ( rus, ПАО «Сургутнефтегаз», p=sʊrɡʊtnʲɪftʲɪˈɡas) is a Russian oil and gas company created by merging several previously state-owned companies owning large oil and gas reserves in Western Siberia. The ...

. The Kirishi refinery is the only one in

Northwestern Russia Northwest Russia, or the Russian North is the northern part of western Russia. It is bounded by Norway, Finland, the Arctic Ocean, the Ural Mountains and the east-flowing part of the Volga. The area is roughly coterminous with the Northwestern Fe ...

History

Construction of the refinery had begun in 1961 in an area devastated by

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. The first oil products were produced in 1966. By 1972, the Kirishi refinery had been one of the five largest in the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

. In 1980 the plant was reconstructed and started diesel hydrotreating unit with capacity of two million tonnes per year. The main fractionation tower K-5 weighing 335.2 tons, diameter of 5 m and a length of 62 m was delivered by "

Spetstyazhavtotrans Spetstyazhavtotrа́ns ( rus, Спецтяжавтотранс, p=spʲɪt͡stʲɪʐəftɐˈtrans) is a Russian company specializing in the shipment of oversized cargo. The group of companies provides engineering services to the oil, gas, chemica ...

" from the factory "Dzerzhinskhimmash". In 1987

Kirishineftekhimexport KiNEx (Kirishineftekhimexport, Russian acronym for 'Kirishi petroleum chemical export') (russian: "Киришинефтеоргсинтез", Кинэкс (ЗАО)) is a Russian joint stock company, subsidiary of Surgutneftegaz, specializing in wh ...

subdivision of Kirishinefteorgsintez was founded to conduct external economic activity of the company. In 1991 it became an independent state-owned enterprise, but continued trading for Kirishinefteorgsintez. In 1993, the refinery became a part of the

JSC. In December 1994, the refinery opened a plant for the production of roofing and waterproofing, sound-proof roll material, as well as bitumen-polymer mastic hot applications. In 1996, a complex for the production of

linear alkyl benzene Linear alkylbenzenes (sometimes also known as LABs) are a family of organic compounds with the formula C6H5CnH2n+1. Typically, ''n'' lies between 10 and 16, although generally supplied as a tighter cut, such as C12-C15, C12-C13 and C10-C13, for de ...

was opened. In 1999, a technical re-gas fractionation plant was opened.

External links

Official site
(in Russian) {{Baltic Pipeline System Oil companies of Russia Oil refineries in Russia Oil companies of the Soviet Union Companies based in Leningrad Oblast Oil refineries in the Soviet Union