The following is a list of the known rulers of the Kingdom of
Edom
Edom (; Edomite: ; he, אֱדוֹם , lit.: "red"; Akkadian: , ; Ancient Egyptian: ) was an ancient kingdom in Transjordan, located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west, and the Arabian Desert to the south and east.N ...
in the
Levant
The Levant () is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Western Asia. In its narrowest sense, which is in use today in archaeology and other cultural contexts, it is ...
.
Descendants of
Esau
Esau ''Ēsaû''; la, Hesau, Esau; ar, عِيسَوْ ''‘Īsaw''; meaning "hairy"Easton, M. ''Illustrated Bible Dictionary'', (, , 2006, p. 236 or "rough".Mandel, D. ''The Ultimate Who's Who in the Bible'', (.), 2007, p. 175 is the elder son o ...
Esau
Esau ''Ēsaû''; la, Hesau, Esau; ar, عِيسَوْ ''‘Īsaw''; meaning "hairy"Easton, M. ''Illustrated Bible Dictionary'', (, , 2006, p. 236 or "rough".Mandel, D. ''The Ultimate Who's Who in the Bible'', (.), 2007, p. 175 is the elder son o ...
עֵשָׂו (Edom אֱדֹֽום) Married three wives
*
Reuel
Reuel or Raguel (; Edomite: 𐤓𐤏𐤀𐤋, ''RʿʾL''), meaning "God shall pasture" or more specifically " El shall pasture" (as a shepherd does with his flock) is a Hebrew name associated with several biblical and religious figures.
Biblical ...
רְעוּאֵֽל By
Basemath
Basemath (, Arabic: بسمة; "Sweet-smile"), in the Hebrew Bible, is one of the wives of Esau.
In , Basemath is the name of the first wife of Esau. She was the daughter of Elon the Hittite (). Because Basemath was a Canaanite, Esau’s marriage ...
בָּשְׂמַ֥ת (daughter of Elon the Hittite, wife of Ishmael?) Also called Mahalath (the sister of
Nebaioth, the firstborn of Ishmael) Married just after Jacob's flight to Haran
** Nahath נַ֥חַת
** Zerah זֶ֖רַח (father of Jobab, 2nd Duke of Edom?)
** Shammah שַׁמָּ֣ה
** Mizzah מִזָּ֑ה
*
Jeush יְע֥וּשׁ By
Oholibamah Aholibamah (Hebrew: ''ʾĀhŏlīḇāmā''; "My tabernacle of/is height/exaltation" or "Tent of the High Place"Phillips, J. ''Exploring Genesis: an expository commentary'', (, ), 2001, p. 284), is an eight-time referenced matriarch in the biblical ...
אָהֳלִֽיבָמָה֙ (daughter of
Anah
Anah or Ana ( ar, عانة, ''ʾĀna'', syr, ܐܢܐ), formerly also known as Anna, is an Iraqi town on the Euphrates river, approximately midway between the Gulf of Alexandretta and the Persian Gulf. Anah lies from west to east on the right ban ...
עֲנָ֔ה (the wife of
Beeri
There are two biblical figures named 'Beeri.' The etymology of Beeri (, ''Bə’êrî'') is given as "belonging to a fountain" by Wilhelm Gesenius, but as "expounder" by the ''International Standard Bible Encyclopedia'' and "well" according to the ...
?) the daughter of
Zibeon צִבְעֹ֖ון the Hivite). (Also called
Judith daughter of Beeri the Hittite) Married just before Jacob's flight to Haran
*
Jalam
Talam ( fa, تلم; also known as Jalam) is a village in Estakhr-e Posht Rural District, Hezarjarib District, Neka County, Mazandaran Province, Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a ...
יַעְלָ֖ם
*
Korah
Korah ( he, ''Qōraḥ''; ar, قارون ''Qārūn''), son of Izhar, is an individual who appears in the Book of Numbers of the Hebrew Bible and four different verses in the Quran, known for leading a rebellion against Moses. Some older Englis ...
קֹ֑רַח
*
Eliphaz
Eliphaz ( "My Elohim is gold", Standard Hebrew Elifaz, Tiberian Hebrew ʾĔlîp̄az / ʾĔlîp̄āz) was the first-born son of Esau and his wife Adah. He had six sons, of whom Omar was the firstborn, and the others were Teman, Zepho, Gatam, ...
אֱלִיפָ֑ז By
Adah עָדָ֗ה daughter of Elon אֵילֹון֙ the Hittite. (possibly the same Eliphaz the Temanite in the
Book of Job) Married before Jacob's flight to Haran
**
Teman תֵּימָ֣ן
** Omar אֹומָ֔ר
** Zepho צְפֹ֥ו
** Gatam גַעְתָּ֖ם
**
Kenaz
Kenaz ( he, ''Qənāz'', "hunter") is the name of several persons in the Hebrew Bible.
* A son of Eliphaz, and a grandson of Esau. He was an Edomite leader. (Genesis 36:11, 15, 42). He may have been the ancestor of the Kenezites.
* Caleb's you ...
קְנַֽז
**
Amalek עֲמָלֵ֑ק (by his concubine
Timna
Timna ( Qatabānic: , romanized: , ; ar, تمنع, translit=Timnaʿ) is an ancient city in Yemen, the capital of the Qataban kingdom; it is distinct from a valley in southern Israel that shares the same name.
During ancient times, Timna was an ...
תִמְנַ֣ע the sister of Lotan the son of Seir)
Kings and governors
Non-hereditary kings
Dukes/chiefs
![Yotvata and Edom Mountains](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Yotvata_and_Edom_Mountains.jpg)
* Timnah (Timna)
* Aliah (Alvah)
* Jetheth
* Oholibamah
* Elah
* Pinon
* Kenaz
* Teman II
* Mibzar
* Magdiel
* Iram
* To Israel c. 990-922
** ?
* To Judah 922 - early 9th century
** ?
* To Assyria 724-612
**
Kaus-malaka
Ḳaus-malaka (Akkadian: 𒋡𒍑𒈠𒆷𒅗 ''Qauš-malaka''; Edomite: 𐤒𐤅𐤎𐤌𐤋𐤊 ''Qāws-melek'' or ''Qāws-malāk'') was the king of Udumi (Edom) during the reign of the Assyrian king Tiglath-Pileser III. His name can either mean ...
''fl'' c. 734 (Assyrian name; Edomite name Qos-melek)
**
Malik-rammu
Malik-rammu (Akkadian: 𒈠𒌨𒉘𒈬 ''ma-lik-ram-mu''; Edomite: 𐤌𐤋𐤊𐤓𐤌 ''Melek-ram'' — possibly meaning "Great King" or "King of Multitudes") was king of Udumi ( Edom) around the year 701 BCE, during the reign of the As ...
(Assyrian name; Edomite name Melek-ram) ''fl.'' c. 701
**
Kaus-gabri Ḳaus-gabri (Akkadian: 𒋡𒍑𒃮𒊑 ''Qauš-gabari''; Edomite: 𐤒𐤅𐤎𐤂𐤁𐤓 ''Qāws-gābr'') was king of ''Udumi'' or Edom in the 670s BC, during the reigns of the Assyrian kings Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal
Ashurbanipal ( Neo-Ass ...
''fl.'' c. 680 (Assyrian name; Edomite name Qos-geber)
* To Babylon 612-539
** ?
* Independence 539-c. 275
** ?
* To the Seleucid Empire c. 200-160
** ? c. 270 - c. 200
**
Gorigas 160s
** ? 160-109
* Governors of
Idumea
Edom (; Edomite: ; he, אֱדוֹם , lit.: "red"; Akkadian: , ; Ancient Egyptian: ) was an ancient kingdom in Transjordan, located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west, and the Arabian Desert to the south and east ...
under the
Hasmonean dynasty
The Hasmonean dynasty (; he, ''Ḥašmōnaʾīm'') was a ruling dynasty of Judea and surrounding regions during classical antiquity, from BCE to 37 BCE. Between and BCE the dynasty ruled Judea semi-autonomously in the Seleucid Empire, and ...
109 BC.
** Antipas c. 100-78
**
Antipater 78-43
Governors of Idumea under Herod
''Note that the Herodian dynasty itself was of Idumaean extraction.''
*
Joseph ben Antipater (brother of Herod the Great). c. 43-35
*
Costobarus Costobarus (Greek: Κοστόβαρος) was an associate of Herod the Great (who made Costobarus governor of Idumea) and second husband of Herod's sister Salome I. He was also known as Costobar.{{cite book, last1=Flavius, first1=Josephus (93 CE), l ...
(brother-in-law of Herod the Great).......30s
* To
Judea
Judea or Judaea ( or ; from he, יהודה, Standard ''Yəhūda'', Tiberian ''Yehūḏā''; el, Ἰουδαία, ; la, Iūdaea) is an ancient, historic, Biblical Hebrew, contemporaneous Latin, and the modern-day name of the mountainous sou ...
directly.................................30s-4
* To
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
..........................................4 BC- AD 60
Governors of Idumea under the Revolutionary government of Judaea
*
Niger the Perean
* Joshua ben Saphas ha-Kohen
* Eleazar ben Hananiah
* To Rome
References
{{Reflist, 35em
Edom