The King's Garden ( he, גן המלך, ''Gan HaMelekh'') is a location mentioned in the

Hebrew Bible The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (;"Tanach"
''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''. Hebrew: ''Tān ...

( and ), and associated by biblical archaeologists with the Al-Bustan neighbourhood in the Silwan area of

East Jerusalem East Jerusalem (, ; , ) is the sector of Jerusalem that was held by Jordan during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, as opposed to the western sector of the city, West Jerusalem, which was held by Israel. Jerusalem was envisaged as a separat ...

. Al-Bustan has traditionally been believed to be part of the royal gardens of the Israelite kings, though, according to

B'Tselem B'Tselem ( he, בצלם, , " in the image of od) is a Jerusalem-based non-profit organization whose stated goals are to document human rights violations in the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories, combat any denial of the existence of su ...

, "the exact location and nature of the biblical garden are not known and there are no archeological or other findings in al-Bustan to suggest that this is in fact the location."

Location

The only place in historical Jerusalem where water is flowing year-round, thanks to the nearby Gihon Spring, allowing for permanent growth of natural vegetation and agriculture, is at the confluence of the Kidron and the Central (aka Tyropoeon) valleys.E. W. G. (Ernest William Gurney) Masterman, ''King's Garden'', in the International Standard Bible Encyclopediabr>via BibleHub.com
/ref> The area known as the King's Garden is today planted with many fruit trees that are nourished by the water run-off from the Pool of Siloam. According to Dalman, the King's Garden was irrigated originally through a canal with side openings, which led the water of the Gihon spring at the edge of the valley to the south, until Hezekiah's Tunnel created a more southern exit for the water, from which the garden could then be irrigated. According to him, this would not have looked much different from the ''bustān Silwān'' of today at the same place. The Kidron Valley, which cuts through Silwan, was divided by its local inhabitants into three sections, proceeding from north to south; 1st ''Wady Sitti Mariam'' (Valley of My Lady Mary), 2nd ''Wady Fer'aun'' (Pharaoh's Valley), and 3rd ''Wady Eyûb'' (Valley of Job). According to PEF explorer Charles Warren, "the intermediate valley, ''Wady Fer'aun'', signifies the ''valley of the king'', and the region to which the name is applied is precisely that which the ''King's Garden'' of the Bible used to occupy."

The "King's Garden" in the Hebrew Bible

The place is known from the Hebrew Bible as 'Gan HaMelekh', 'King's Garden'. The term is used repeatedly () and the area seems to also be referred to in , which mentions "the royal winepresses".

Archaeology

The road that traverses the garden is built over a thick wall that dates back to the

Second Temple The Second Temple (, , ), later known as Herod's Temple, was the reconstructed Temple in Jerusalem between and 70 CE. It replaced Solomon's Temple, which had been built at the same location in the United Kingdom of Israel before being inherited ...

period. The same wall is what created the dam-like structure that formed the ancient Pool of Siloam, known in Arabic as ''Birket al-Ḥamrah''. Remnants of this ancient wall were unearthed during the excavations conducted by F.J. Bliss and A.C. Dickie (1894–1897), along with other more ancient finds dating back to the

Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...

References

{{coord missing, West Bank Biblical places Biblical geography Biblical archaeology