Khosravi ( fa, خسروی, also

Romanize Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and ...

d as Khosravī and Khosrovī; also known as Khosrowvī, Khūsrawī, and Khūsrovī) is a village in Alvand Rural District, in the Central District of

Qasr-e Shirin County Qasr-e Shirin County ( fa, شهرستان قصر شیرین) is in Kermanshah province, Kermanshah province, Iran. The capital of the county is the city of Qasr-e Shirin.Kermanshah Province,

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. At the 2006 census, its population was 11, in 5 families. The village is populated by

Kurds ug:كۇردلار Kurds ( ku, کورد ,Kurd, italic=yes, rtl=yes) or Kurdish people are an Iranian ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Ir ...

History

Khosravi is more than one thousand years old and the Khosravi

customs Customs is an authority or agency in a country responsible for collecting tariffs and for controlling the flow of goods, including animals, transports, personal effects, and hazardous items, into and out of a country. Traditionally, customs ...

has a history of more than 100 years. On 10 May 1992, an unidentified number of Iraqi and Iranian POWs were exchanged at Khosravi border; on 19 May 1993, another 200 Iraqi POWs were released there; and on 18 August 1995, approximately 100 Iraqi POWs were released near the Iran/Iraq border of Mundharieh-Khosravi. In october 1995, Iran and Iraq agreed to exchange the remains of the troops killed from both sides during the

war War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular o ...

via Khosravi border crossing. Another POW exchange occurred in March 2003. The first group of Iranian religious tourists left for Iraq on 15 August 1998 via Khosravi after 20 years of border closure to pilgrims. Prior to 2003, Khosravi was the sole official and active border crossing between Iran and Iraq.

Geography

Khosravi is known for its proximity to the Iraqi capital

baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...

at 160 Kms and to other important cities like

Karbala Karbala or Kerbala ( ar, كَرْبَلَاء, Karbalāʾ , , also ;) is a city in central Iraq, located about southwest of Baghdad, and a few miles east of Lake Milh, also known as Razzaza Lake. Karbala is the capital of Karbala Governorat ...

Infrastructure

Transport

Roads

Road 48 (Iran) or Karbala Highway having roadside tree planting as a distinctive feature ends here on the Iranian side. It then joins

Highway 5 Route 5, or Highway 5, may refer to routes in the following countries: International * Asian Highway 5 * European route E05 * European route E005 Argentina * National Route 5 Australia New South Wales * M5 Motorway (Sydney) * The De ...

on the Iraqi side. In the year 2000 officials of the Iranian Roads and Transportation Ministry and their Iraqi counterparts reached an agreement for the transit of passenger and cargo on the

Kermanshah Kermanshah ( fa, کرمانشاه, Kermânšâh ), also known as Kermashan (; romanized: Kirmaşan), is the capital of Kermanshah Province, located from Tehran in the western part of Iran. According to the 2016 census, its population is 946,68 ...

-Khosravi Road as part of land transportation link between the two countries. The

resurfacing A road surface (British English), or pavement (American English), is the durable surface material laid down on an area intended to sustain vehicular or foot traffic, such as a road or walkway. In the past, gravel road surfaces, hoggin, cobbles ...

of 4.2 Kms of the return lanes of the 10th section of the Karbala highway situated between Qasr-e Shirin and Khosravi began on 6 June 2022. This section is a divided highway using guard rails.

Border terminal

The Khosravi border terminal was inaugurated in March 2002 with a capacity of 10000 travelers per day. Construction work for the border terminal had begun in 1998. The terminal comprises a customs office as well as passenger and cargo corridors. It was announced as the largest land border terminal in Iran and the

middle east The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Pro ...

and still is. The border is known as Manzarieh/Munthrya on the Iraqi side of the border. Two 3-star

hotel A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. Facilities provided inside a hotel room may range from a modest-quality mattress in a small room to large suites with bigger, higher-quality beds, a dresser, a ref ...

s were opened in 2011 to accommodate mainly Iranian religious tourists crossing the border. In 2013, 2,000 Iranian pilgrims crossed the Khosravi border terminal to reach Iraq every day, according to the then governor of the Iranian city of

Qasr-e Shirin Qasr-e Shirin ( fa, قصرشيرين; also Romanized as Qaşr-e Shīrīn and Qasr-ī-Shīrīn; also known as Ghasr-ī-shīrīn and Ghasr-shīrīn, Kurdish: قەسری شیرین) is a city and capital of Qasr-e Shirin County, Kermanshah Province, ...

. This number was 3,000 for Iraqi pilgrims crossing into Iran in September 2019. Khosravi border terminal located 19 km to the southwest of Qasre Shirin mostly overlooks and interacts with the Arab region of Iraq and is open from 7 AM to 4:30 PM unlike Parvizkhan border terminal which is closely located to the north of the county center, is mainly in contact with the Kurdish region of Iraq and is open 24 hours.

Rail

The railway route the west railway known domestically as

Rahahane Gharb Rahahane Gharb (Persian: راه آهن غرب) or Iran's west railway is a partially finished railway corridor in western Iran. Sections and route The west railway consists of Malayer– Khosravi corridor which will eventually run to the border wi ...

which is under construction and which is going to connect

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

will have its last station in Khosravi.

Border trade

Khosravi has a long history of trade with Iraq. Khosravi commercial border is located south of Khosravi terminal, next to its customs. Improvement and mobilization of this commercial border has been carried out since 2001. In a MoU signed in 2006 between the governor general of Kermanshah Province and the governor of Sulaymaniyah the two sides agreed to exchange auto spare parts and fuel through Khosravi. Averagely, in 2014, 51,000 exported shipments were transferred through this commercial border. The most important goods exported from this border to the central and southern parts of Iraq were cement, tiles, ironware, fruit, and vegetables. Commercial exchanges and

border trade Border trade, in general, refers to the flow of goods and services across the border between different jurisdictions. In this sense, border trade is a part of the normal trade that flows through the ordinary export/import legal and logistical fram ...

is done by as many as 500

truck A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature body-on-frame construction ...

s on a daily basis according to the figures from 2016, June 2018 and 2021. Exports hit $687 million in the year 2021.

Free trade zone

Because Khosravi customs has extensive infrastructural facilities, Kermanshah province governor general announced the proposal of the inclusion of Khosravi in Qasr-e Shirin free trade zone on 21 August 2021 to the government.

References

External links

"Khosravi Border Terminal Opens With Capacity of 10,000 Travellers Per Day"
* ttps://en.irna.ir/news/9044124/frontier-Khosravi-in-inaugurated-terminal-border-Largestbr>
{{Qasr-e Shirin County Populated places in Qasr-e Shirin County Iran–Iraq border crossings Kurdish settlements in Kermanshah Province