Khitan or Khitai may refer to:
*
Khitan (circumcision)
Khitan ( ar, ختان) or Khatna ( ar, ختنة) is the Arabic term for circumcision, and the Glossary of Islam, Islamic term for the recommended practice of male circumcision in Islamic culture. Male circumcision is widespread in the Muslim worl ...
, the Islamic circumcision rite
*
Khitan people
The Khitan people (Khitan small script: ; ) were a historical nomadic people from Northeast Asia who, from the 4th century, inhabited an area corresponding to parts of modern Mongolia, Northeast China and the Russian Far East.
As a people desce ...
, an ancient nomadic people located in Mongolia and northern China
*
Liao dynasty
The Liao dynasty (; Khitan: ''Mos Jælud''; ), also known as the Khitan Empire (Khitan: ''Mos diau-d kitai huldʒi gur''), officially the Great Liao (), was an imperial dynasty of China that existed between 916 and 1125, ruled by the Yelü ...
(916–1125), a dynasty of China ruled by the Khitan Yelü clan
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Northern Liao
The Northern Liao (), officially the Great Liao (), was a dynastic regime of China, distinct from the Liao dynasty, established by the Khitan Yelü clan in northern China. The state only existed for a short period of time between 1122 and 1123.
...
(1122–1123), a regime in northern China
**
Qara Khitai
The Qara Khitai, or Kara Khitai (), also known as the Western Liao (), officially the Great Liao (), was a Sinicized dynastic regime based in Central Asia ruled by the Khitan Yelü clan. The Qara Khitai is considered by historians to be an ...
(1124–1218), alternatively called the "Western Liao", successor to the Liao dynasty in northwestern China and Central Asia
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Eastern Liao
Eastern Liao () was a 13th-century kingdom in what is now Northeast China, established by the Khitan Yelü clan in an attempt to resurrect the Liao dynasty. Its capital was situated in modern-day Kaiyuan, Liaoning.
Establishment
Yelü Liuge, a d ...
(1213–1269), a regime in northeastern China
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Later Liao
Later Liao () was a short-lived dynastic regime in Northeast China that existed between 1216 and 1219. It was ruled by the House of Yelü and was the last regime that sought to revive the Liao dynasty in China (the Eastern Liao had by this time ...
(1216–1219), a regime in northeastern China
*
Khitan language
Khitan or Kitan ( in large script or in small, ''Khitai''; , ''Qìdānyǔ''), also known as Liao, is a now-extinct language once spoken in Northeast Asia by the Khitan people (4th to 13th century). It was the official language of the Liao Empir ...
, a now-extinct language once spoken by the Khitan people
*
Khitan scripts (disambiguation) Khitan scripts may refer to one of two mutually exclusive scripts used by the Khitan people during the 10th-12th centuries:
*Khitan small script, invented in about 924 or 925 CE by a scholar named Diela
*Khitan large script
The Khitan large scr ...
, writing systems of the Khitan people, for the now-extinct Khitan language
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Khitan large script
The Khitan large script () was one of two writing systems used for the now-extinct Khitan language (the other was the Khitan small script). It was used during the 10th–12th centuries by the Khitan people, who had created the Liao Empire in nor ...
, a logographic writing system
**
Khitan small script
The Khitan small script () was one of two writing systems used for the now-extinct Khitan language (the other was the Khitan large script). It was used during the 10th–12th century by the Khitan people, who had created the Liao Empire in present- ...
, a semi-syllabic and logographic writing system
*
Cathay
Cathay (; ) is a historical name for China that was used in Europe. During the early modern period, the term ''Cathay'' initially evolved as a term referring to what is now Northern China, completely separate and distinct from China, which ...
in many languages
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Language and nationality disambiguation pages