Joseph Haydn's Keyboard Concerto No. 11 in D major (Hob. XVIII / 11) was written between 1780 and 1783. It was published in 1784.
It is his
last concerto for a keyboard instrument.
Originally, this concerto was composed for
harpsichord
A harpsichord ( it, clavicembalo; french: clavecin; german: Cembalo; es, clavecín; pt, cravo; nl, klavecimbel; pl, klawesyn) is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. This activates a row of levers that turn a trigger mechanism ...
or
fortepiano
A fortepiano , sometimes referred to as a pianoforte, is an early piano. In principle, the word "fortepiano" can designate any piano dating from the invention of the instrument by Bartolomeo Cristofori in 1698 up to the early 19th century. Mo ...
and scored for an orchestra in a relatively undeveloped
galant
The galant style was an 18th-century movement in music, visual arts and literature. In Germany a closely related style was called the '' empfindsamer Stil'' (sensitive style). Another close relative is rococo style. The galant style was drawn in ...
style that had been evident in early works by Haydn. It has a lively, Hungarian Rondo finale.
Being a somewhat later composition, however, it also shows more similarities to
Mozart's piano concertos
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's concertos for piano and orchestra are numbered from 1 to 27. The first four numbered concertos and three unnumbered concertos are early works that are arrangements of keyboard sonatas by various contemporary composers. ...
than do Haydn's other keyboard concertos. Haydn and Mozart probably had become
acquainted by 1784, when this concerto was published. Although Mozart returned from Italy in March 1773 at the age of seventeen, he did not turn to piano concertos until 1776,
[Solomon, Maynard, ]
Mozart: A Life
', Harper Collins, 1995, isbn 978-0-06-019046-0 nonetheless, some biographers and music historians suggest that distinct similarities in this work by Haydn might indicate influence by the works of Mozart.
[ Mozart acknowledged the important role of Haydn in development of music and, in correspondence, often referred to him as, "Papa Haydn".
This concerto consists of three movements:
# ''Vivace''
# ''Un poco adagio''
# ''Rondo all'Ungarese''
The first and second movements contain ]cadenza
In music, a cadenza (from it, cadenza, link=no , meaning cadence; plural, ''cadenze'' ) is, generically, an improvisation, improvised or written-out ornament (music), ornamental passage (music), passage played or sung by a solo (music), sol ...
s. The original scores of this cadenza, handwritten by Haydn, have survived.
The work is scored for solo keyboard and an orchestra consisting of two oboe
The oboe ( ) is a type of double reed woodwind instrument. Oboes are usually made of wood, but may also be made of synthetic materials, such as plastic, resin, or hybrid composites. The most common oboe plays in the treble or soprano range.
A ...
s, two horn
Horn most often refers to:
*Horn (acoustic), a conical or bell shaped aperture used to guide sound
** Horn (instrument), collective name for tube-shaped wind musical instruments
*Horn (anatomy), a pointed, bony projection on the head of various ...
s in D, and strings
String or strings may refer to:
*String (structure), a long flexible structure made from threads twisted together, which is used to tie, bind, or hang other objects
Arts, entertainment, and media Films
* ''Strings'' (1991 film), a Canadian anim ...
. Nowadays, it mostly is played on piano.
See also
*List of concertos by Joseph Haydn
The following is a partial list of concertos by Joseph Haydn (1732–1809). In the Hoboken catalogue of Haydn's works, concertos for most instruments are in category VII with a different letter for each solo instrument (VIIa is for violin concerto ...
References
External links
*
Concertos by Joseph Haydn
Haydn 11
Haydn 11
Compositions in D major
1783 compositions
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