Mula-ghatika Ketana (c. 1220-1260) was a

Telugu language Telugu (; , ) is a Dravidian language spoken by Telugu people predominantly living in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where it is also the official language. It is the most widely spoken member of the Dravidian language fami ...

poet and writer from southern India. He was a disciple of the poet

Tikkana Tikkana (or Tikkana Somayaji) (1205–1288) was a 13th century Telugu poet. Born into a Telugu-speaking Niyogi Brahmin family during the golden age of the Kakatiya dynasty, he was the second poet of the "Trinity of Poets (Kavi Trayam)" that tra ...

, and wrote multiple works under Tikkana's sponsorship.

Works

Ketana wrote the following works: * ''Dasha-kumara-charitamu'' is a Telugu translation of Dandin's '' Dasha-kumara-charita''. Ketana assumed the title ''Abhinava Dandi'' ("the New Dandi"), and dedicated his work to Tikkana. * '' Vijnaneshvariyamu'' or ''Vijnaneshvaramu'' is a legal '' dharmashastra'' text based on '' Mitakshara'', Vijnaneshvara's commentary on '' Yajnavalkya Smrti''. Like the other ''dharmashastra'' texts, Ketana adheres to the ''

varna Varna may refer to: Places Europe *Varna, Bulgaria, a city in Bulgaria **Varna Province **Varna Municipality ** Gulf of Varna **Lake Varna **Varna Necropolis *Vahrn, or Varna, a municipality in Italy *Varniai, a city in Lithuania * Varna (Šaba ...

'' system, treating Brahmins and men favoruably. He highlights the importance of

Brahmanas The Brahmanas (; Sanskrit: , ''Brāhmaṇam'') are Vedic śruti works attached to the Samhitas (hymns and mantras) of the Rig, Sama, Yajur, and Atharva Vedas. They are a secondary layer or classification of Sanskrit texts embedded within ea ...

in governance, and recommends that the rulers follow the advice of the Brahmanas knowledgable about the shastras. * ''Andhra-bhasha-bhushanamu'' ("Ornament of the Andhra Language") is a work on grammar. This was likely the earliest

Telugu grammar The first treatise on Telugu grammar ( te, వ్యాకరణం ''vyākaraṇam''), the ''Andhra Sabda Chintamani'' (Telugu language, Telugu: ఆంధ్ర శబ్ద చింతామణి ''Āndhra śabda cintāmaṇi'') was written i ...

. ''Andhra-shabda-chintamani'', purported to be an earlier work attributed to

Nannaya Nannaya ''Bhattaraka'' (sometimes spelled Nannayya or Nannaiah; ca. 11th century) was a Telugu poet and the author of the first '' Andhra Mahabharatam'', a Telugu retelling of the Sanskrit-language ''Mahabharata''. This work, which is rendere ...

, is a fictitious work, and the sutras attributed to Nannaya in this work are likely from a later period, with their final version dating to the 17th century.

References

{{reflist

External links

* '' Andhra-bhasha-bhushanamu'' in Telugu script Telugu poets 13th-century Indian poets Year of birth unknown Year of death unknown Indian male poets Poets from Andhra Pradesh Sanskrit–Telugu translators