The Keres Defence (also known as the Kangaroo Defence or Franco-Indian Defence) is a
chess opening
A chess opening or simply an opening is the initial stage of a chess game. It usually consists of established theory; the other phases are the middlegame and the endgame. Many opening sequences have standard names such as the "Sicilian Defens ...
characterised by the moves:
:1.
d4 e6
:2.
c4 Bb4+
The opening is named for Estonian grandmaster
Paul Keres.
History
This opening was known since the 1840s and was played by
Henry Thomas Buckle
Henry Thomas Buckle (24 November 1821 – 29 May 1862) was an English historian, the author of an unfinished ''History of Civilization'', and a strong amateur chess player. He is sometimes called "the Father of Scientific History".
Early life ...
in his fourth match game with
Johann Löwenthal, London 1851. The standard reply today, 3.Bd2, was recommended by
Howard Staunton.
Discussion
White can respond 3.Nc3, 3.Nd2, or 3.Bd2. The game often
transposes to a
Nimzo-Indian Defence, a
Dutch Defence
The Dutch Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
:1. d4 f5
Black's 1...f5 stakes a claim to the e4-square and envisions an attack in the middlegame on White's ; however, it also weakens Black's kingside to an extent (especia ...
, a
Queen's Gambit Declined, an
English Defence, or a
Bogo-Indian Defence
The Bogo-Indian Defense is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
:1. d4 Nf6
:2. c4 e6
:3. Nf3 Bb4+
The position arising after 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 is common. The traditional move for White here is 3.Nc3, threatening to set up a big pawn c ...
. 3.Nc3 is likely to transpose into one of those openings: 3...Nf6 (Nimzo-Indian), 3...f5 (Dutch; Korn gives 3...Bxc3+ 4.bxc3 f5!, played by Buckle) 3...d5 (an unusual form of QGD), or 3...b6 (English). Black has the same options after 3.Nd2, except that 3...Nf6 4.Nf3 is a Bogo-Indian.
After 3.Bd2, Black can continue with 3...Bxd2+ into a line of the Bogo-Indian, and 3...a5 will also usually transpose to a Bogo-Indian when White plays Nf3. Or Black can allow White to play e4: 3...Qe7 4.e4 d5 (Black obtained a good game in Llanos–Hoffman, San Luis Clarin 1995 with 4...Nf6 5.a3 Bxd2+ 6.Nxd2 d6 7.Bd3 e5 8.d5 0-0) 5.Bxb4 (5.e5 Timman–Spraggett, Montpellier 1985) Qxb4+ 6.Qd2! Qxd2+ (if 6...Nc6 then 7.Nc3!) 7.Nxd2 with slight advantage for White.
See also
*
List of chess openings
*
List of chess openings named after people
References
Bibliography
*
*
*
*{{cite book
, last=Schiller
, first=Eric
, author-link=Eric Schiller
, title=Unorthodox Chess Openings
, publisher=
Cardoza Publishing
, year=1998
, page
227–28 , isbn=0-940685-73-6
, url-access=registration
, url=https://archive.org/details/unorthodoxchesso00schi/page/227
Chess openings