General elections were held in
Kenya
)
, national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"()
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Nairobi
, coordinates =
, largest_city = Nairobi
, ...
on 4 March 2013. Voters elected the
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
*President (education), a leader of a college or university
*President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
, members of the
National Assembly
In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repre ...
and newly formed
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
. They were the first elections held under the new
constitution
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of Legal entity, entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.
When ...
, which was approved in a
2010 referendum, and were also the first run by the new
Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission
The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in the year 2011 through the making of the Constitution of Kenya. The Commission is responsible for conducting or supervising refer ...
(IEBC). They coincided with the
2013 Kenyan local elections.
The presidential election saw
Uhuru Kenyatta
Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta (born 26 October 1961) is a Kenyan politician who served as the fourth president of Kenya from 2013 to 2022.
Kenyatta was chosen by Daniel Arap Moi as his preferred successor, but Kenyatta was defeated by opposition le ...
of
the National Alliance
The National Alliance (TNA) was a political party in Kenya. It took on its current identity when Uhuru Kenyatta assumed control and renamed it as the vehicle for his 2012 presidential campaign.
History
The National Alliance was founded as the N ...
(TNA) defeat
Raila Odinga
Raila Amolo Odinga (born 7 January 1945) is a Kenyan politician, former Member of Parliament (MP) for Langata and businessman who served as the Prime Minister of Kenya from 2008 to 2013. He is assumed to be the Leader of Opposition in Kenya sin ...
of the
Orange Democratic Movement
The Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) is a centre-left political party in Kenya. It is the successor of a grassroots people's movement which was formed during the 2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum campaign. This movement separated in Augu ...
(ODM). Incumbent President
Mwai Kibaki
Emilio Stanley Mwai Kibaki (15 November 1931 – 21 April 2022) was a Kenyan politician who served as the third President of Kenya from December 2002 until April 2013 and is regarded as one of Kenya's founding fathers.
He had previously ser ...
was ineligible to pursue a third term due to the two-term limit established in Clause 142 of the
Constitution of Kenya
The Constitution of Kenya is the supreme lawof the Republic of Kenya. There have been three significant versions of the constitution, with the most recent redraft being enabled in 2010. The 2010 edition replaced the 1963 independence constitu ...
. This was the first Kenyan presidential election to include a joint-ticket system for
deputy president
A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on t ...
, which was introduced in the 2010 Constitution. Kenyatta was joined on his ticket by
William Ruto
William Kipchirchir Samoei Arap Ruto (born 21 December 1966) is a Kenyan politician who is serving as the fifth and current president of Kenya since 13 September 2022. Prior to becoming president, he served as the 11th deputy president of Ken ...
, while Odinga's running mate was
Kalonzo Musyoka
Stephen Kalonzo Musyoka (born 24 December 195is a Kenyan politician who was the tenth Vice-President of Kenya from 2008 to 2013. Musyoka served in the government under the late President Daniel arap Moi and was List of Foreign Ministers of Ke ...
. Kenyatta was backed by the
Jubilee Alliance
The Jubilee Alliance was a political alliance in Kenya.
History
The alliance was established to support the joint presidential election ticket of Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto in the 2013 general elections. At the time of the election, its me ...
, while Odinga was supported by the
Coalition for Reforms and Democracy
The Coalition for Reforms and Democracy was a coalition of multiple political parties, built around the triumvirate of Raila Odinga, Kalonzo Musyoka, and Moses Wetangula, to contest the Kenya general elections of 2013. The members of the coalit ...
(CORD). Kenyatta was declared the winner with 50.5% of the vote, meaning a second round of voting was not needed. Odinga unsuccessfully
contested the results in the
Supreme Court
A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of ...
.
Background
Election date
The elections were originally scheduled for 14 August 2012 or December 2012 were planned for the election, depending on a court ruling to be issued. The court ruled that presidential and parliamentary elections should be held in March 2013. This resulted in the resignation of several civil servants who wished to enter politics, as required by the Elections Act. On 28 December 2012, the
Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission
The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in the year 2011 through the making of the Constitution of Kenya. The Commission is responsible for conducting or supervising refer ...
announced the Notice of General Elections which confirmed polling day as 4 March. The nomination deadlines were set over a period between 29 January and 1 February, with presidential candidates submitting their nomination papers on 29 and 30 January.
Supreme Court
On 13 January, the Judiciary indicated it would hear and determine within two weeks disputes on Presidential Election results. The Judiciary Working Committee on Election Preparations (JWCEP) announced that election petitions would be certified urgent. These rules were developed in pursuance of Article 163(8) of the constitution which mandates the
Supreme Court
A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of ...
to make rules for the exercise of its exclusive jurisdiction of hearing presidential election petition.
Voter registration
Voter registration ran from 19 November 2012 for 30 days. Problems were reported during the first few days of the registration exercise included availability of electricity, military operations in some areas and logistical challenges caused by rains. Another subsequent challenge was the inability to register prospective voters who were still awaiting issuance of their formal identity documents by the government. On 27 November, the government announced that, due to time and logistics constraints, there would be no attempts to register Kenyan voters in the
diaspora
A diaspora ( ) is a population that is scattered across regions which are separate from its geographic place of origin. Historically, the word was used first in reference to the dispersion of Greeks in the Hellenic world, and later Jews after ...
. The IEBC later announced a decision to register Kenyan diaspora voters living within the
East African Community
The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organisation composed of seven countries in the Great Lakes region of East Africa: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the United Republic of Tanzania, the Republics of Kenya, Burundi, ...
Countries. The ten-day exercise concluded on 25 December 2012 with low turnout attributed to "logistical challenges". The IEBC estimate was that about 1,700 people registered.
Voter registration was carried out using
Biometric
Biometrics are body measurements and calculations related to human characteristics. Biometric authentication (or realistic authentication) is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control. It is also used to identify in ...
Voter Registration (BVR) Kits which would reduce certain incidents of fraud. The purchase of the BVR Kits was financed through a loan from
Standard Chartered Kenya
Standard Chartered Kenya, whose official name is Standard Chartered Bank Kenya Limited, but is sometimes referred to as Stanchart Kenya, is a commercial bank in Kenya. It is a subsidiary of the British multinational financial conglomerate headqua ...
in a government-to-government deal involving Kenya and Canada made cheaper by a guarantee from the Canadian government. The Canadian government arranged to have its fully owned parastatal,
Canadian Commercial Corporation
The Canadian Commercial Corporation (CCC; ) is a Canadian federal Crown corporation mandated to support the growth of international trade by helping Canadian exporters gain access to foreign government procurement markets and by helping governmen ...
(CCC), sign a contract with the
Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission
The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in the year 2011 through the making of the Constitution of Kenya. The Commission is responsible for conducting or supervising refer ...
(IEBC).
A case was filed in court seeking to extend the voter registration period arguing that Section 5(1) of the Elections Act was in conflict with the Constitution to the extent that it limited continuous registration of voters. The courts however declined request to extend the deadline.
After the 18 December deadline, the IEBC released the provisional voter numbers showing a registered base of 14.3 million voters. The IEBC indicated that they had missed their target of 18 million voters, citing
voter apathy
In political science, voter apathy is a lack of interest among voters in the elections of representative democracies. Voter apathy or lack of interest is often cited as a cause of low turnout among eligible voters in jurisdictions where vot ...
as one of reasons for this. The IEBC begun an exercise to clean up the voters' roll with a target of opening it for verification early January 2013. On 13 January 2013 the IEBC opened its voter register for inspection; voters were to verify their details before 26 January to enable the commission clean the register ahead of the poll. The options include visiting respective registration centers, the IEBC website or the use of mobile phone numbers via an SMS service (using National Identity Card or Passport numbers used during registration).
The IEBC announced on 23 February 2013 that it had removed 20,000 voters who had registered more than once from the voter roll. The names were identified during continuing activities to clean up the register.
Electoral system
The 2010 constitution provided for a
two-round system
The two-round system (TRS), also known as runoff voting, second ballot, or ballotage, is a voting method used to elect a single candidate, where voters cast a single vote for their preferred candidate. It generally ensures a majoritarian resul ...
for presidential elections, the president having previously been elected on a
first-past-the-post
In a first-past-the-post electoral system (FPTP or FPP), formally called single-member plurality voting (SMP) when used in single-member districts or informally choose-one voting in contrast to ranked voting, or score voting, voters cast their ...
basis. In order to win in the first round, a candidate was required to receive over 50% of the vote, as well as 25% of the vote in at least 24
counties
A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...
.
Campaign
Coalitions and alliances
The law required
all Kenyan political parties to register any coalition agreements with the Registrar of Political Parties by 4 December 2012. This resulted in several publicised discussions among key political players and their respective parties who aimed to form pre-election coalitions prior to the deadline. Another effect considered likely was a reduction in the number of prospective candidates.
Four coalitions formed by the deadline include:
* The
Coalition for Reforms and Democracy
The Coalition for Reforms and Democracy was a coalition of multiple political parties, built around the triumvirate of Raila Odinga, Kalonzo Musyoka, and Moses Wetangula, to contest the Kenya general elections of 2013. The members of the coalit ...
:
ODM,
Wiper Party,
Ford-Kenya and the Federal Party of Kenya.
* The
Jubilee Alliance
The Jubilee Alliance was a political alliance in Kenya.
History
The alliance was established to support the joint presidential election ticket of Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto in the 2013 general elections. At the time of the election, its me ...
:
TNA,
URP and
UDF Parties. UDF later left the coalition.
Machel Waikenda
Dr. Machel Waikenda ( ; born 23 April 1981) is a Kenyan politician and the current State House (Kenya), State House Director of Political Affairs. He was formerly the executive-committee member in charge of youth affairs, sports, and communicat ...
was the director of communications and secretary of arts and entertainment of the National Alliance, from April 2012 to August 2013 and he led the
media
Media may refer to:
Communication
* Media (communication), tools used to deliver information or data
** Advertising media, various media, content, buying and placement for advertising
** Broadcast media, communications delivered over mass el ...
and communications department of the party during the 2013 elections.
*
Eagle Alliance
The Eagle Alliance is a coalition between the Kenya National Congress and the Party of Action for the Kenyan general election of 2013. Its presidential candidate was Peter Kenneth
Peter Kenneth (born 27 November 1965) is a Kenyan politici ...
:
KNC and
POA
''Poa'' is a genus of about 570 species of grasses, native to the temperate regions of both hemispheres. Common names include meadow-grass (mainly in Europe and Asia), bluegrass (mainly in North America), tussock (some New Zealand species), a ...
Parties
* Pambazuka Coalition:
New FORD Kenya
New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created.
New or NEW may refer to:
Music
* New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz
Albums and EPs
* ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013
* ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, ...
,
National Vision Party
The National Vision Party of Kenya is a political party founded, by former cabinet Minister Nicholas Biwott in 2008, in the fall out of his failed attempts to seize control of former ruling party the Kenya African National Union from Uhuru Kenyatt ...
,
Federal Party of Kenya
The Federal Party of Kenya (FPK) is a political party in Kenya.
History
The FPK nominated 20 National Assembly candidates for the 2007 general elections, receiving 0.2% of the vote and failing to win a seat.
In the 2013 elections the party no ...
and KADDU Parties. The coalition collapsed on 29 December 2012.
*
Amani Coalition:
UDF,
New Ford Kenya
New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created.
New or NEW may refer to:
Music
* New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz
Albums and EPs
* ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013
* ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, ...
and
KANU Parties (formed after the UDF exit from the Jubilee Coalition.
The release of the calendar resulted in several parties opting to hold their nominations on 17 January 2013. The IEBC proposed public school shut down on 17 January 2013, as the schools would be the venue for a significant number of nomination activities across the country. The Government confirmed that public schools would not open on 17 January 2013. The government later announced that Public primary schools would for the second day (18 January 2013) remain closed to allow party primaries to continue. On 19 January the IEBC indicated that political aspirants who lost during respective party primaries are not allowed to defect and seek tickets on other parties after Midnight on 18 January 2013. By law, political parties were expected to nominate their candidates for an election at least 45 days before.
While other parties and coalitions held their nominations early, the Jubilee, Amani and CORD coalitions chose to hold country wide their nominations two days before the deadline. These were marked with disorganization and chaos with protests arising in Nairobi, Nyanza and Central provinces.
[Disarray as TNA conducts nominations](_blank)
Capital FM, 18 January 2013[Chaos rocks Nyanza over nominations](_blank)
The Star, 21 January 2013
Further acrimony arose over issuance of certificates by political parties, with over 200 complaints filed with the IEBC disputes and Resolution panel The committee consisted of 4 IEBC Commissioners and one official from the
Director of Public Prosecutions
The Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) is the office or official charged with the prosecution of criminal offences in several criminal jurisdictions around the world. The title is used mainly in jurisdictions that are or have been members o ...
office. The committee held its sittings at the
Milimani Law Courts in
Nairobi
Nairobi ( ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. The name is derived from the Maasai phrase ''Enkare Nairobi'', which translates to "place of cool waters", a reference to the Nairobi River which flows through the city. The city proper ha ...
. Complaints raised included issuing of certificates not losers, nepotism and discrimination. The committee had seven days to complete the arbitration process with those dissatisfied with the tribunal's decision asked to lodge their cases with the
High Court. The panel eventually announced 3 days of hearings. The Panel completed its work on 28 January 2013 dismissing 64 out of 207 petitions following failure by complainants to attend. 29 applications did not need determination as Political parties conceded to the complaints.
Presidential candidates
Minister of Internal Security
George Saitoti
George Musengi Saitoti, State Commendations of Kenya, E.G.H. (3 August 1945 – 10 June 2012) was a Kenyan politician, businessman and American- and British-trained economist, mathematician and development policy thinker.
As a mathematician, S ...
, second hand man to both
Daniel Arap Moi
Daniel Toroitich arap Moi ( ; 2 September 1924 – 4 February 2020) was a Kenyan politician who served as the second president of Kenya from 1978 to 2002. He was the country's longest-serving president. Moi previously served as the third vice ...
and incumbent President
Mwai Kibaki
Emilio Stanley Mwai Kibaki (15 November 1931 – 21 April 2022) was a Kenyan politician who served as the third President of Kenya from December 2002 until April 2013 and is regarded as one of Kenya's founding fathers.
He had previously ser ...
, was expected to be a candidate but died in June 2012 in a helicopter crash. His mixed
Masai and
Kikuyu Kikuyu or Gikuyu (Gĩkũyũ) mostly refers to an ethnic group in Kenya or its associated language.
It may also refer to:
* Kikuyu people, a majority ethnic group in Kenya
*Kikuyu language, the language of Kikuyu people
*Kikuyu, Kenya, a town in Cent ...
heritage was seen as important in light of the violence that followed the
2007 presidential election
This electoral calendar 2007 lists the national/federal direct elections held in 2007 in the de jure and de facto sovereign states and their dependent territories. Referendums are included, although they are not elections. By-elections are not i ...
and the tendency in Kenyan politics for ethnic-based alliances.
Several politicians made public their intentions to run or were speculated to run by media analysts and polling organizations:
*
Sylvester Wakoli Bifwoli
Sylvester Wakoli Bifwoli (born 1952) is a Kenyan politician. He is a member of the Ford-Kenya political party, an affiliate of the Party of National Unity. He was elected to represent Bumula Constituency in Western Province, in the National As ...
– MP for
Bumula Constituency Bumula Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of nine constituencies in Bungoma County
Bungoma County is a county in the former Western Province of Kenya. Its capital is Bungoma town. It has a population of 1,670,570 ...
.
*
Mohammed Abduba Dida
Mohammed Abduba Dida (born 1974) is a Kenyan teacher who vied for the country's presidency in the 2013 General Election on an Alliance of Real Change party ticket. Dida ran again in the 2017 General Election, conceding hours before the elect ...
– Former High School Teacher
*
Joseph Hellon Nimrod Joseph Onyango Omondi Hellon (born 20 May 1977) is a Kenyan jazz musician, head of the Finger of God Church, and co-founder of the Placenta Party.
Hellon was the fifth of nine children of poor sugarcane farmers, and was raised in Migori. By ...
– Jazz Maestro, Chair of the Placenta Party.
*
Cyrus Jirongo
Cyrus Shakhalaga Khwa Jirongo, popularly Cyrus Jirongo, is a politician and a former Member of Parliament in Kenya.
Between 1978 and 1981 he went to Mang'u High School. He became the chairman of AFC Leopards football club in 1991.
He is leader of ...
– MP for
Lugari Constituency Lugari Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of twelve constituencies in Kakamega County, and the only constituency in the former Lugari District Lugari District was one of the seventy-one districts of Kenya, districts of Ken ...
.
*
Kingwa Kamencu – Oxford Rhodes Scholar
*
Martha Karua
Martha Wangari Karua (; born 22 September 1957) is a Kenyan politician. She is a former long-standing member of parliament for Gichugu Constituency and an Advocate of the High Court of Kenya. She was Minister for Justice until resigning fro ...
– MP for
Gichugu Constituency.
*
Peter Kenneth
Peter Kenneth (born 27 November 1965) is a Kenyan politician. He hails from Kirwara Sub-location of Gatanga Constituency in Murang'a County, Kenya.
Early life and career
Peter Kenneth attended Bahati Uhuru Primary School (CPE) and later joi ...
– MP for
Gatanga Constituency Gatanga Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of seven constituencies in Muranga County. The constituency has seven wards, all of them are within Murang'a County council. The constituency was established for the 1988 electio ...
.
*
Uhuru Kenyatta
Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta (born 26 October 1961) is a Kenyan politician who served as the fourth president of Kenya from 2013 to 2022.
Kenyatta was chosen by Daniel Arap Moi as his preferred successor, but Kenyatta was defeated by opposition le ...
– Deputy Prime Minister.
[PROFILE-Kenya's Finance Minister Uhuru Kenyatta]
Reuters, 18 February 2011
*Dishon Kirima – Leader of the New Democrats.
*
James ole Kiyiapi
James Ole Kiyiapi is a Kenyan academician and politician. In the 2013 Kenyan general elections, Ole kiyiapi vied for the seat of president under the Restore and Build Kenya Party.
Early life
James Ole Kiyiapi was born on 17 May 1961 at Osupuko ...
– Former Permanent Secretary in the Education Ministry.
*
Musalia Mudavadi
Wycliffe Musalia Mudavadi (born 21 September 1960) is a Kenyan politician and land economist who is currently serving as the Prime Cabinet Secretary of Kenya. Until October 2022, he was also the party leader of the Amani National Congress (ANC ...
– Deputy Prime Minister.
*
Paul Muite
Paul Kibugi Muite (born 18 Apr 1945) is a Kenyan lawyer and politician
Political career
He is a prominent figure in Kenya's second liberation struggle during the 1990s to remove the single party dictatorship established by the Kenya African N ...
– Lawyer and former MP for
Kikuyu Constituency
Kikuyu Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of twelve constituencies in Kiambu County. The constituency was established for the 1963 elections. From 1988 elections to 2002 elections it was known as Kabete Constituency
Ka ...
*
Mutava Musyimi – MP for
Gachoka Constituency.
*
Kalonzo Musyoka
Stephen Kalonzo Musyoka (born 24 December 195is a Kenyan politician who was the tenth Vice-President of Kenya from 2008 to 2013. Musyoka served in the government under the late President Daniel arap Moi and was List of Foreign Ministers of Ke ...
– Vice President.
*Ceaser Muthike – Leader of Restoration of Unity.
*George Kenyatta Muumbo – Battalion S5 (U.S.ARMY), Political Scientist and Paralegal
*
Joseph Nyagah
Joseph William Nthiga Nyagah (6 January 1948 – 11 December 2020) was a Kenyan politician and Minister of Cooperative Development and Marketing in Kenya's grand coalition government.
Biography
Nyagah was a member of the then governing Kenya Afri ...
– Cooperative Development and Marketing.
[
*]Raila Odinga
Raila Amolo Odinga (born 7 January 1945) is a Kenyan politician, former Member of Parliament (MP) for Langata and businessman who served as the Prime Minister of Kenya from 2008 to 2013. He is assumed to be the Leader of Opposition in Kenya sin ...
– Prime Minister
*William Ruto
William Kipchirchir Samoei Arap Ruto (born 21 December 1966) is a Kenyan politician who is serving as the fifth and current president of Kenya since 13 September 2022. Prior to becoming president, he served as the 11th deputy president of Ken ...
– MP for Eldoret North Constituency Eldoret North Constituency was a former electoral constituency in Kenya. It was one of three constituencies in Uasin Gishu District, now Uasin Gishu County
Uasin Gishu County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya located in the former Rift Valley ...
*Raphael Tuju
Raphael Tuju, EGH (born 30 March 1959) is a Kenyan politician. In 2002—after a career as a journalist, TV producer, and real estate investor—Tuju was elected to parliament and has served the Government of Kenya in various capacities since ...
– Former MP for Rarieda Constituency
Rarieda Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of six constituencies in Siaya County, and one of two constituencies in the former Bondo District Bondo District was an administrative district in the former Nyanza Province of K ...
*George Luchiri Wajackoyah
George Luchiri Wajackoyah is a legal practitioner based in Nairobi, Kenya and an independent political campaigner. Wajackoyah was also a presidential candidate in Kenya's 2022 General Election held on 9 August 2022. He was running under the Roo ...
– Diaspora candidate
*Eugene Wamalwa
Eugene Ludovic Wamalwa is a Kenyan politician who is the Cabinet Secretary of the Ministry of Defence. Until 29 September 2021, he was Cabinet Secretary of Devolution. He is also a former minister for Justice. He also served as Minister for ...
– Justice Minister and MP for Saboti Constituency
Saboti Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of five constituencies in Trans-Nzoia County
Trans-Nzoia County is a county in the former Rift Valley Province, Kenya, located between the Nzoia River and Mount Elgon, 380 ...
*Moses Wetangula
Moses Francis Masika Wetang'ula (born 13 September 1956), is the current Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya, as well as leader of the FORD-Kenya party. He served in the government of Kenya as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2008 to 20 ...
– Minister for Trade
Ultimately Joseph Hellon, George Luchiri Wajackoyah, Dishon Kirima and Kingwa Kamencu did not submit papers to the IEBC. William Ruto
William Kipchirchir Samoei Arap Ruto (born 21 December 1966) is a Kenyan politician who is serving as the fifth and current president of Kenya since 13 September 2022. Prior to becoming president, he served as the 11th deputy president of Ken ...
, Mutava Musyimi and Joseph Nyagah
Joseph William Nthiga Nyagah (6 January 1948 – 11 December 2020) was a Kenyan politician and Minister of Cooperative Development and Marketing in Kenya's grand coalition government.
Biography
Nyagah was a member of the then governing Kenya Afri ...
opted to support Uhuru Kenyatta with Ruto being selected as his running mate. Those who stepped down in favour of Raila Odinga
Raila Amolo Odinga (born 7 January 1945) is a Kenyan politician, former Member of Parliament (MP) for Langata and businessman who served as the Prime Minister of Kenya from 2008 to 2013. He is assumed to be the Leader of Opposition in Kenya sin ...
included Cyrus Jirongo
Cyrus Shakhalaga Khwa Jirongo, popularly Cyrus Jirongo, is a politician and a former Member of Parliament in Kenya.
Between 1978 and 1981 he went to Mang'u High School. He became the chairman of AFC Leopards football club in 1991.
He is leader of ...
, Moses Wetangula
Moses Francis Masika Wetang'ula (born 13 September 1956), is the current Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya, as well as leader of the FORD-Kenya party. He served in the government of Kenya as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2008 to 20 ...
, Sylvester Wakoli Bifwoli
Sylvester Wakoli Bifwoli (born 1952) is a Kenyan politician. He is a member of the Ford-Kenya political party, an affiliate of the Party of National Unity. He was elected to represent Bumula Constituency in Western Province, in the National As ...
and Kalonzo Musyoka
Stephen Kalonzo Musyoka (born 24 December 195is a Kenyan politician who was the tenth Vice-President of Kenya from 2008 to 2013. Musyoka served in the government under the late President Daniel arap Moi and was List of Foreign Ministers of Ke ...
, who became his running mate. Eugene Wamalwa
Eugene Ludovic Wamalwa is a Kenyan politician who is the Cabinet Secretary of the Ministry of Defence. Until 29 September 2021, he was Cabinet Secretary of Devolution. He is also a former minister for Justice. He also served as Minister for ...
opted to support Mudavadi while Raphael Tuju
Raphael Tuju, EGH (born 30 March 1959) is a Kenyan politician. In 2002—after a career as a journalist, TV producer, and real estate investor—Tuju was elected to parliament and has served the Government of Kenya in various capacities since ...
supported Peter Kenneth who both chose other running mates.
On 24 January 2013 the IEBC begun collecting the initial batch of documents to be used for processing the names of presidential candidates who would contest the elections. Candidate were required to present a letter expressing intention to contest the presidency and lists of 2,000 signatures from supporters in more than half of the 47 counties.[Presidential candidates present papers to IEBC](_blank)
Daily Nation, 24 January 2013
ICC and Integrity court cases
A court case was filed seeking to restrain the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission
The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in the year 2011 through the making of the Constitution of Kenya. The Commission is responsible for conducting or supervising refer ...
from accepting the nomination of any candidate who has been committed to trial for serious criminal charges under the Kenyan and International law. At the time of the elections, Kenyatta and Ruto were facing charges of crimes against humanity at the International Criminal Court
The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated in The Hague, Netherlands. It is the first and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals ...
(ICC)
following the International Criminal Court investigation in Kenya
The International Criminal Court investigation in Kenya or the situation in the Republic of Kenya was an investigation by the International Criminal Court (ICC) into the responsibility for the 2007–2008 post-election violence in Kenya. The 2 ...
as a result of the 2007–2008 post-election violence. Although the petitioners withdrew the case on 29 November 2012, a new petition was filed the following day by an NGO that was an interested party in the initial case. On 22 January 2013 High Court Judge David Majanja ruled that three integrity cases filed against presidential candidates and their deputies would be heard jointly. The cases sought to bar Prime Minister Raila Odinga
Raila Amolo Odinga (born 7 January 1945) is a Kenyan politician, former Member of Parliament (MP) for Langata and businessman who served as the Prime Minister of Kenya from 2008 to 2013. He is assumed to be the Leader of Opposition in Kenya sin ...
, Vice-President Kalonzo Musyoka
Stephen Kalonzo Musyoka (born 24 December 195is a Kenyan politician who was the tenth Vice-President of Kenya from 2008 to 2013. Musyoka served in the government under the late President Daniel arap Moi and was List of Foreign Ministers of Ke ...
, Deputy Prime Ministers Uhuru Kenyatta
Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta (born 26 October 1961) is a Kenyan politician who served as the fourth president of Kenya from 2013 to 2022.
Kenyatta was chosen by Daniel Arap Moi as his preferred successor, but Kenyatta was defeated by opposition le ...
and Musalia Mudavadi
Wycliffe Musalia Mudavadi (born 21 September 1960) is a Kenyan politician and land economist who is currently serving as the Prime Cabinet Secretary of Kenya. Until October 2022, he was also the party leader of the Amani National Congress (ANC ...
and William Ruto
William Kipchirchir Samoei Arap Ruto (born 21 December 1966) is a Kenyan politician who is serving as the fifth and current president of Kenya since 13 September 2022. Prior to becoming president, he served as the 11th deputy president of Ken ...
from contesting in the presidential elections. On 25 January 2013 Chief Justice Willy Mutunga
Willy Munyoki Mutunga (born 16 June 1946) is a Kenyan lawyer, intellectual, reform activist, and was the Commonwealth Special Envoy to the Maldives. He is also an active member of thJustice Leadership Group He is the retired Chief Justice of Ke ...
appointed five judges to hear the three cases jointly; Mbogholi Msagha, Luka Kimaru, Hellen Omondi, George Kimondo
George may refer to:
People
* George (given name)
* George (surname)
* George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George
* George Washington, First President of the United States
* George W. Bush, 43rd President ...
and Pauline Nyamweya. Hearings began on 7 February 2013. On 15 February the High Court unanimously rejected the petition.
Debates
The Kenyan media announced their sponsorship of presidential debates set to be broadcast between 26 November 2012 and 11 February 2013 with coverage from eight television stations and 32 radio stations. The debates were postponed to January 2013 to allow completion of the nomination process. On 25 January, the media confirmed the debates would be held on 11 February 2013 and 25 February 2013.[Presidential debates to start next month]
Standard Digital, 25 January 2013 Other organisation later sponsored similar though less publicised presidential and vice presidential debates.
The first debate was held on 11 February 2013 at the Brookhouse International School and moderated by Julie Gichuru and Linus Kaikai
Linus Kaikai is a Kenyan journalist currently working as Director of Strategy and Innovation of Kenyan Television station Citizen TV and Chairman of the Kenya Editors Guild KEG.
Education career
Kaikai holds a master's degree in International Jo ...
. Initially, only the six leading candidates were slated to participate. However, a legal challenge by Paul Muite, ensured that himself and Mohammed Dida were added to the participant list. Their addition was so last-minute, that they had to use makeshift podiums that were noticeably different from those of the other candidates. The debate was split into two with a break in-between.
The second media sponsored debate was held on 25 February 2013 at the Brookhouse International School and was moderated by Joe Ageyo and Uduak Amimo. Initially, Kenyatta had threatened to boycott the second debate alleging bias on the part of moderator Linus Kaikai
Linus Kaikai is a Kenyan journalist currently working as Director of Strategy and Innovation of Kenyan Television station Citizen TV and Chairman of the Kenya Editors Guild KEG.
Education career
Kaikai holds a master's degree in International Jo ...
. According to a Jubilee campaign press release, the first debate was 'skewed, shambolic and farcical', while the CORD campaign retorted by accusing Kenyatta of dodging tough questions. Eventually, Kenyatta agreed to participate, and once again, all presidential candidates were involved.
Several churches and Christian organisations supported by Daystar University
Daystar is a Christian liberal arts university in Nairobi.
Daystar's original campus is close to Nairobi city centre, but there was no room to expand at that location. Therefore, in 1992 a new campus was built at Athi River, some 40 km to ...
held presidential and vice-presidential debates, which were both broadcast on the Kenya Broadcasting Corporation
Kenya Broadcasting Corporation (KBC) is the state-run media organisation of Kenya. It broadcasts in English and Swahili, as well as in most local languages of Kenya. The corporation started its life in 1928 when Kenya was a British colony. I ...
TV station and intermittently on several other TV stations. The debates were held at the Anglican Church of Kenya
The Anglican Church of Kenya (ACK) is a province of the Anglican Communion, and it is composed by 41 dioceses. The current Primate and Archbishop of Kenya is Jackson Ole Sapit. The Anglican Church of Kenya claims 5 million total members. Accordin ...
's All Saints Cathedral. The focus of these debates were issues and question that the Christians bodies identified as important to them. Aside from the lower publicity, the debates were also characterized by poor turnout by the candidates.
The Central Organization of Trade Unions (COTU) also held a debate which received low publicity and participation of some of the candidates.
Issues
During the campaign Odinga caused as stir when he implied that Kenyatta was among those in possession of huge tracts of land across the country and could therefore not reform the sector. Kenyatta responded by claiming he was clean and that Odinga should respond over his involvement with the Kisumu Molasses Plant.
The National Cohesion and Integration Commission
The National Cohesion and Integration Commission (NCIC) of Kenya is a government agency. It is intended to address and reduce inter-ethnic conflicts.
The Commission was created by the National Cohesion and Integration Act (no.12 of 2008) following ...
(NCIC) however through its chairman Mzalendo Kibunja stated that such statements were a form of incitement.
Kibunja was contradicted by Constitution Implementation Commission (CIC) chairman Charles Nyachae who said candidates should not be prevented from discussing land issues during their campaigns. The recently appointed police Inspector General David Kimaiyo
David Mwole Kimaiyo (born July 1, 1960) is a Kenyan police officer. He was the first Inspector General of the Kenya Police, a position created by the 2010 Kenyan Constitution to replace the position of Police commissioner. He was the first Kenya ...
whose name appears in the Ndungu Land Commission
The Commission of Inquiry into the Illegal/Irregular Allocation of Public Land, which came to be known as the "Ndungu Commission" after the name of its Chair, Paul Ndungu, was a Kenya Government Commission established in 2003. The Commission was fo ...
's report on illegal/irregular allocation of public land also added his voice asking for politicians not to debate land matters. Rejection of debate on land matters also came from the Anglican Church of Kenya
The Anglican Church of Kenya (ACK) is a province of the Anglican Communion, and it is composed by 41 dioceses. The current Primate and Archbishop of Kenya is Jackson Ole Sapit. The Anglican Church of Kenya claims 5 million total members. Accordin ...
.
Conduct
In mid-August 2012, tribal conflict led to the highest death toll through deliberate killings since the last election. Though the specific instance had no clear motive, past clashes have occurred due to the alleged misuse of land and water resources, however this instance was reportedly larger in scale and intensity. Speculation was made of links to the election amid an increase in political tensions. During and in the aftermath of the political party nominations held between 17 and 18 January 2013 unrest was seen in several parts of the country most notably in Nairobi, Nyanza and Central Provinces
The 2013 elections were largely peaceful, other than an incident in the early hours of 4 March just before polls opened, when a gang killed at least six police officers in the region of Changamwe, Mombasa. and in Kwale county. The authorities immediately blamed the Mombasa Republican Council (a fringe separatist group that had opposed the elections and believes that Kenya's coastal zone should be a separate country) and arrested some of its members over the incident.MRC suspects arraigned in court over officers murder
Standard Digital, 6 March 2013 Nevertheless, turnout in the affected counties was still high.
Opinion polls
President
First round
Second round
Results
President
Senate
National Assembly
Local elections
The 2013 general election will be the first where there would be election of County governors and their deputies for the
47 newly created counties. A total of 237 candidates ran for office. Each county was divided into wards in order to elect County Assembly representatives, with 9,885 candidates running.
See also
*
Inauguration of Uhuru Kenyatta
The inauguration of Uhuru Kenyatta as the 4th president of Kenya took place on 9 April 2013. Kenyatta won 50.07% of the vote in the 2013 presidential election, after the supreme court dismissed the Raila petition on 30 March 2013. According ...
*
List of members of the National Assembly of Kenya (2013–18)
*
List of members of the Senate of Kenya (2013–18)
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to:
People
* List (surname)
Organizations
* List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America
* SC Germania List, German rugby union ...
References
External links
*
{{Kenya general elections, 2013
2013
File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fact ...
2013
File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fact ...
2013 elections in Africa
2013 in Kenya
2013
File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fact ...
March 2013 events in Africa
fr:Élection présidentielle kényane de 2013