Kenderes () is a small town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county,

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...

. It is notable as the birthplace of

Miklós Horthy Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya ( hu, Vitéz nagybányai Horthy Miklós; ; English: Nicholas Horthy; german: Nikolaus Horthy Ritter von Nagybánya; 18 June 1868 – 9 February 1957), was a Hungarian admiral and dictator who served as the Regent o ...

, Regent of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1920 to 1944, and for the many memorials dedicated to him around the town. A major tourist attraction is Horthy kastély ( Horthy Castle) which has exhibitions and a special tribute to Miklós Horthy every year on 18 June.

Location, Geography

The town is bisected by Route 4, halfway between the cities of

Debrecen Debrecen ( , is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and i ...

and

Szolnok Szolnok (; also known by other alternative names) is the county seat of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in central Hungary. A city with county rights, it is located on the banks of the Tisza river, in the heart of the Great Hungarian Plain, wh ...

. It lies in the

Great Hungarian Plain The Great Hungarian Plain (also known as Alföld or Great Alföld, hu, Alföld or ) is a plain occupying the majority of the modern territory of Hungary. It is the largest part of the wider Pannonian Plain. (However, the Great Hungarian plain ...

, thus its geography is defined by flat expanses. It is surrounded by cornfields, groves and mountain tracks. Some of the older buildings are protected by the National Bureau. The settlement was granted town rights in 2004. The town has a population of 5329 people, with a density of 47.9 /km². The majority of the inhabitants are ethnically Hungarian.

History

The town developed from a series of 16th Century Catholic parishes. It became more formally settled around 1771 as a jobbágy faluból or serf village. It became Kenderes after the 1848 revolutions which swept across much of Europe. The late Baroque Catholic church, built by Count Antal Haller, began in 1783 and was completed in 1800. Later works were completed in 1923. The church houses many fine paintings. The impact of a WWI projectile is still visible in one of its walls. The town showed spectacular growth between the wars, and again after the 1956 revolution, but has since slowed.

Horthy Castle

The estate centred on the

Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...

manor house passed in the nineteenth century to the Hódosy and Borbély families before it was inherited by the Horthy family in 1850.

was born here and reburied here after the

Revolutions of 1989 The Revolutions of 1989, also known as the Fall of Communism, was a revolutionary wave that resulted in the end of most communist states in the world. Sometimes this revolutionary wave is also called the Fall of Nations or the Autumn of Natio ...

, the dissolution of the

Warsaw Pact The Warsaw Pact (WP) or Treaty of Warsaw, formally the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance, was a collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland, between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republic ...

and the withdrawal of Russian/Soviet troops. His will stated that he was not to be returned there until "''the last Russian soldier has left.''". Originally called Halassy Mansion, the castle was built in the early 1800s. It took its present name in 1850 from

István Horthy Vitéz István Horthy de Nagybánya (9 December 1904 – 20 August 1942) was Hungarian regent Admiral Miklós Horthy's eldest son, a politician, and, during World War II, a fighter pilot. Biography In his youth, István Horthy and his young ...

, the father of Miklós. It was a simple U shaped building and 1925 was reconstructed in neo-baroque style according to the plans of Franz Kalin. In 1944, it was looted by the Nazis, who removed anything of value and burned the rest. Since then it has been used as a granary, horse stables, and an agricultural school. The exterior has been preserved as well as some of the rooms. Currently it serves as tourist accommodation and as rooms for students.

Twin towns – sister cities

Kenderes is twinned with: *

Kozy Kozy (German: ''Seiffersdorf, Seibersdorf, Kosy (1941–45)''; Wymysorys: ''Zajwyśdiüf'') is a large village with a population of 12,457 (2013) within Bielsko County, located in the historical and geographical south-west region of Less ...

, Poland (2004) *

Predappio Predappio (; rgn, La Pré or ) is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Forlì-Cesena, in the region of Emilia-Romagna in Italy, with a population of 6,135 as of 1 January 2021. The town is best known for being the birthplace of Benito Mussoli ...

, Italy (2005) *

Sabinov Sabinov ( la, Сibinium, hu, Kisszeben, german: Zeben, russian: Сабинов) is a small town located in the Prešov Region (north-eastern Slovakia), approximately 20 km from Prešov and 55 km from Košice. The population of Sabinov ...

, Slovakia (2002) * Sânmartin, Romania (2007)

References

External links

* in Hungarian Populated places in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County {{Jasz-geo-stub