Kemayoran is a
district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
of
Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta ( id, Jakarta Pusat) is one of the five administrative cities () which form the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 1,056,896 at the 2 ...
,
Jakarta
Jakarta (; , bew, Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta ( id, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Lying on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, Jakarta ...
in
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
. It was best known for the former
Kemayoran Airport
Kemayoran Airport also spelled Kemajoran Airport, was the principal airport for Jakarta, Indonesia, from 8 July 1940 until 31 March 1985, when it was replaced by Soekarno–Hatta International Airport.
During World War II it was used by the Roy ...
. It has been transforming as a new
Central business district
A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business centre of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides with the "city ...
. As of 2022, it consists of numerous four and five star hotels, restaurants, premium office towers, hospitals as well as shopping and entertainment centers. Kemayoran is also home to the
Jakarta Fair
Jakarta Fair ( id, Pekan Raya Jakarta or PRJ, ) is a fair held annually in Jakarta International Expo Kemayoran, Jakarta, Indonesia, in June and July. It features exhibitions, trade promotions, shopping, music performances, various shows, amuseme ...
, the largest and longest fair in Southeast Asia that attracts more than 4 million visitors annually.
Kemayoran is between
Jalan M.H. Thamrin
Jalan M.H. Thamrin or Jalan Thamrin (M.H. Thamrin Road or Thamrin Road) is a major thoroughfare in Jakarta, Indonesia. The road is located at the center of Jakarta, running from the north end of Jalan Jenderal Sudirman at West Flood Canal at the ...
,
Ancol Dreamland
Taman Impian Jaya Ancol also known as Ancol Dreamland is an integral part of Ancol Bay City, a resort destination located along Jakarta's waterfront, in Ancol (Kelurahan), Pademangan, North Jakarta, Indonesia.
It is owned by PT. Pembangunan Ja ...
and the
Port of Tanjung Priok
A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Ham ...
. Its proximity between Jakarta's primary central business district, a Southeast Asian tourist hotspot and the one of the busiest port in the world has made Kemayoran a prime real estate for many local and foreign investors. Moreover, Kemayoran is 20 minutes journey from
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport.
Kemayoran is serviced by
Trans-Java Toll Road, which traverses the island of Java. As of 2022 the government has finished the construction of the
Light Rail Transit (LRT) station in Kemayoran with the rest of
Jakarta
Jakarta (; , bew, Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta ( id, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Lying on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, Jakarta ...
by that means.
Sub-district
The district of Kemayoran has eight sub-districts; having the postal/zip/area codes as follows:
History
Even though the area that was known as
Batavia
Batavia may refer to:
Historical places
* Batavia (region), a land inhabited by the Batavian people during the Roman Empire, today part of the Netherlands
* Batavia, Dutch East Indies, present-day Jakarta, the former capital of the Dutch East In ...
stretches from
Tangerang
Tangerang (Sundanese: , ) is a city in the province of Banten, Indonesia. Located on the western border of Jakarta, it is the third largest urban centre in the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area after Jakarta and Bekasi; the sixth largest city pro ...
to
Bogor
Bogor ( su, , nl, Buitenzorg) is a city in the West Java province, Indonesia. Located around south of the national capital of Jakarta, Bogor is the 6th largest city in the Jakarta metropolitan area and the 14th overall nationwide.[Sunda Kelapa
Sunda Kelapa ( su, , Sunda Kalapa) is the old port of Jakarta located on the estuarine of Ciliwung River. "Sunda Kalapa" (Sundanese language, Sundanese: "Coconut of Sunda") is the original name, and it was the main port of the Sunda Kingdom. The ...]
harbor area. Limitations of this development is partly due to the condition of Batavia being a walled city with fortifications because of many attacks from local Sultanates to seize Batavia, as well as because of the centralized system of the government. Only in 1810 that the city wall of Batavia was demolished, during the reign of
Daendels
Herman Willem Daendels (21 October 1762 – 2 May 1818) was a Dutch revolutionary, general and politician who served as the 36th Governor General of the Dutch East Indies between 1808 and 1811.
Early life
Born in Hattem, Netherlands, on 21 Octobe ...
. Meanwhile, rural areas and suburbs of Batavia are still largely 'untouched' with several native villages. These rural areas were later shared to several landlords, one of which is the area that is now known as Kemayoran.
The area that was known as Kemayoran was formerly a land owned by the
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock ...
commander,
Isaac de l'Ostal de Saint-Martin
Isaac de l'Ostal de Saint-Martin (or Lostal) (c. 1629 – 14 April 1696) was a French chevalier, who came in an unknown year from the Béarn to the Dutch Republic.
Life
In 1657 he left for Batavia, after a training in the Dutch States Army, t ...
(ca. 1629–96). At the end of the 17th century, Isaac owned a large area in Java, which includes the area that is now Kemayoran, part of
Ancol
Ancol ( nl, Antjol, zh, 安恤) is a coastal lowland area located to the east of Kota Tua Jakarta in northern Jakarta, in Indonesia. The coastal lowland stretched from Kota Tua Jakarta to the west and Tanjung Priok to the east. Today, Ancol contai ...
, Krukut at Tegalangus, and
Cinere
Cinere is a district of the city of Depok, West Java, Indonesia. It covers an area of 10.55 km2 and had a population of 107,461 at the 2010 Census; the latest official estimate (for mid 2018) is 144,038. Cinere borders to its east with the Jagakars ...
. Isaac held the title
major
Major (commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators ...
, which is where the name ''Kemayoran'' come from. The name ''Mayoran'' first appears in Java Government Gazette on February 24, 1816, described as ''"a land close to Weltevreden"''. Later, the area was known as ''Kemayoran'' until now.
Until the early 20th century, Kemayoran was still dominated by swamps and
paddies with small settlements. Administratively, Kemayoran was a Weekmeester governed by a ''Bek'' ("Defender"). After the
independence of Indonesia
The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence ( id, Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia, or simply ''Proklamasi'') was read at 10:00 on Friday, 17 August 1945 in Jakarta. The declaration marked the start of the diplomatic and armed resistance of t ...
, Kemayoran became part of the
Sawah Besar
Sawah Besar is a district (''kecamatan'') of Central Jakarta, Indonesia. Its neighborhoods are among the most historic, containing the 1820-established Pasar Baru ("New Market"), the new colonial city – Weltevreden – and the old course ...
district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
in Penjaringan, Jakarta Raya. From 1963 to 1968, Kemayoran was part of the district of
Senen
Senen is a long-established urban district of Jakarta, Indonesia that has kept many tourist attractions such as two museums, the National Library of Indonesia and Gelanggang Remaja Senen, a quite narrow alley with old Chinese and similar style ...
in Jakarta Raya. Ever since 1968, Kemayoran became a district of
Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta ( id, Jakarta Pusat) is one of the five administrative cities () which form the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 1,056,896 at the 2 ...
.
At first, the inhabitants of Kemayoran were natives from a mixture of several ethnic group from the local kingdom of
Pajajaran
Pakuan Pajajaran (or ᮕᮊᮥᮝᮔ᮪ᮕᮏᮏᮛᮔ᮪/ Dayeuh Pakuan/Pakwan or Pajajaran) was the fortified capital city of Sunda Kingdom. The location is roughly corresponds to modern Bogor city in West Java, Indonesia, approximately around t ...
,
Demak
Demak is on the north coast of Central Java province, on the island of Java, Indonesia.
* Demak, Demak, modern-day large town
* Demak Sultanate, sixteenth century sultanate
* Demak Regency
Demak ( jv, ꦢꦼꦩꦏ꧀) is a regency located in th ...
,
Mataram, and several foreign nations who arrived as immigrants. After the Dutch occupied, there are immigrants from China, India, Sumatra, and East Indonesia that are used as workers for the expansion and development of Batavia or to participate in military service against
Sultan Hasanuddin
Sultan Hasanuddin (Sultan Hasanuddin Tumenanga Ri Balla Pangkana; (12 January 1631 – 12 June 1670) was the 16th Ruler of The Sultanate of Gowa as Sombaya Ri Gowa XVI from 1653 to 1669. He was proclaimed as Indonesian National Hero on 6 Nove ...
and
Sultan Agung
Sultan Anyakrakusuma is known as Sultan Agung ( jv, ꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦲꦒꦸꦁꦲꦢꦶꦥꦿꦧꦸꦲꦚꦏꦿꦏꦸꦱꦸꦩ, Sultan Agung Adi Prabu Anyakrakusuma) was the third Sultan of Mataram in Central Java ruling from 1613 to 1645. ...
of Mataram.
Under the government of
Daendels
Herman Willem Daendels (21 October 1762 – 2 May 1818) was a Dutch revolutionary, general and politician who served as the 36th Governor General of the Dutch East Indies between 1808 and 1811.
Early life
Born in Hattem, Netherlands, on 21 Octobe ...
, in order to collect funds for the construction of the new
Anyer
Anyer, also known as Anjer or Angier, is a coastal town in Banten, formerly West Java, Indonesia, west of Jakarta and south of Merak. A significant coastal town late 18th-century, Anyer faces the Sunda Strait.
History
The town was a consider ...
-Panarukan road, some lands were sold to private owners. Generally, the buyers were Dutch, Chinese and Arabic origin. Among them was Roosendaal, H. Hussein Madani (Indo-Dutch), Abdullah, and De Groof. These landlords had the power to regulate land from users, who were indigenous population and
serf
Serfdom was the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism, and similar systems. It was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery, which developed ...
. After slavery was abolished, these people became farmers who worked for the landlords, then the landlords would determine the taxes to be paid.
Until 1903, Batavia moved to a decentralized form of government, which marked the period of modern colonialism of Batavia. Many lands are repaired, canals are constructed, and the city is expanded. Lands are purchased for the expansion of the city, which included the settlements of Kemayoran, Petojo, Jatibaru, Cideng, Kramat, and Tanah Tinggi. These lands were allocated for lower-middle-class people. More affluent citizens such as the Dutch people and other higher class people live closer to the center, such as in the
Menteng
Menteng is the south-central district of Central Jakarta, one of the administrative municipalities in the capital city Jakarta, Indonesia.
The nexus of its heritage is the Menteng neighbourhood (Project), a new urban design developed mainly in t ...
residential area.
Many of the people who resided in Kemayoran were ''Indo'' people (mixed Dutch and Indonesian). Most of them lived in Jl. Garuda. Even after
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, many former Dutch soldiers settled in Kemayoran. Around the 1930s, Kemayoran was known as a settlement of the Indo people, giving rise to a new nickname for Kemayoran, ''"Belanda Kemayoran"'' (roughly translates to Kemayoran Netherlands). After Indonesian independence, a wave of urban migrants arrived in Kemayoran and Jakarta from various regions in Indonesia such as
West Java
West Java ( id, Jawa Barat, su, ᮏᮝ ᮊᮥᮜᮧᮔ᮪, romanized ''Jawa Kulon'') is a province of Indonesia on the western part of the island of Java, with its provincial capital in Bandung. West Java is bordered by the province of Banten ...
,
Central Java
Central Java ( id, Jawa Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in t ...
,
Sumatra
Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...
,
Kalimantan
Kalimantan () is the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo. It constitutes 73% of the island's area. The non-Indonesian parts of Borneo are Brunei and East Malaysia. In Indonesia, "Kalimantan" refers to the whole island of Borneo.
In 2019, ...
,
East Nusa Tenggara
East Nusa Tenggara ( id, Nusa Tenggara Timur – NTT; pt, Sonda Oriental) is the southernmost province of Indonesia. It comprises the eastern portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, facing the Indian Ocean in the south and the Flores Sea in the nor ...
, and
West Nusa Tenggara
West Nusa Tenggara ( id, Nusa Tenggara Barat – NTB) is a province of Indonesia. It comprises the western portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, with the exception of Bali which is its own province. Mataram, on Lombok, is the capital and largest ...
. Because of this, Kemayoran transformed into a more crowded settlements.
In 1935,
Kemayoran Airport
Kemayoran Airport also spelled Kemajoran Airport, was the principal airport for Jakarta, Indonesia, from 8 July 1940 until 31 March 1985, when it was replaced by Soekarno–Hatta International Airport.
During World War II it was used by the Roy ...
was opened. This started to change the economy of Kemayoran from agriculture to service, but many areas of Kemayoran was still a sparsely distributed settlement with vacant land. With the opening of the
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport and the closure of the
Kemayoran Airport
Kemayoran Airport also spelled Kemajoran Airport, was the principal airport for Jakarta, Indonesia, from 8 July 1940 until 31 March 1985, when it was replaced by Soekarno–Hatta International Airport.
During World War II it was used by the Roy ...
, Kemayoran was able to be transformed to the new
central business district
A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business centre of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides with the "city ...
of Jakarta. Since then, many entertainment centres, hotels and offices were built. The government added numerous infrastructure such as the
Light rail and
Trans-Java Toll Road, to support the rapid growth of the central business district of Kemayoran.
Kota Baru Bandara Kemayoran
In 1986,
Kemayoran Airport
Kemayoran Airport also spelled Kemajoran Airport, was the principal airport for Jakarta, Indonesia, from 8 July 1940 until 31 March 1985, when it was replaced by Soekarno–Hatta International Airport.
During World War II it was used by the Roy ...
was officially closed. In accordance with the 2015-2019 National Medium-Term Long-Term Development Plan (RPJMN), the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) proposes Kemayoran, to be an area that has the opportunity to become a new city. The area that was formerly an
airport
An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport. Airports usually consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface ...
was gradually turned into other developments such as
Jakarta International Expo
Jakarta International Expo, or JIExpo, is a convention, exhibition and entertainment complex located at Pademangan in north Jakarta, Indonesia. Opened in 2010, it was developed by the Central Cipta Murdaya group. Built in the area of the forme ...
and Kotabaru Bandar Kemayoran (both of these were actually located in
Pademangan
Pademangan is a port-associated subdistrict of North Jakarta, Indonesia. It stretches from the Sunda Kelapa Harbor on the east to the western area of Tanjung Priok Harbor to the east. Geographically, it is a plain with an average height of 75 cent ...
district in
North Jakarta
North Jakarta ( id, Jakarta Utara; bew, Jakarte Belilir) is one of the five administrative cities (''kota administrasi'') which form Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia. North Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city counci ...
instead of Kemayoran district in
Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta ( id, Jakarta Pusat) is one of the five administrative cities () which form the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 1,056,896 at the 2 ...
. Kemayoran Planning and Development Center (PPK) is responsible for development as well as monitoring of the area.
Kota Baru has an area of 454 hectares. At present there are several vertical residential designation blocks, office blocks, hospitals, shopping center blocks as well as five and four star hotels. There is also an urban park of 22.3 hectares area which has lake, mangrove area, an amphitheater, viewing towers, jogging tracks, a hanging bridge.
Government and infrastructure
Government agencies with head offices in Kemayoran include the
National Search and Rescue Agency
The National Search and Rescue Agency ( id, Badan Nasional Pencarian dan Pertolongan, literally translated Search and Rescue National Agency; formerly named ''Badan SAR Nasional'', both abbreviated Basarnas) is a government agency of Indonesia. ...
.
[Home]
."
Archive
National Search and Rescue Agency
The National Search and Rescue Agency ( id, Badan Nasional Pencarian dan Pertolongan, literally translated Search and Rescue National Agency; formerly named ''Badan SAR Nasional'', both abbreviated Basarnas) is a government agency of Indonesia. ...
. Retrieved on 10 May 2012. "Jl. Angkasa Blok B.15 KAV 2-3 Kemayoran - Jakarta Pusat Jakarta - Indonesia 10720"
Culture
![Jakarta Fair Arena Kemayoran Jakarta](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Jakarta_Fair_Arena_Kemayoran_Jakarta.JPG)
Many ingenious cultures, especially the
Betawi culture, flourished in Kemayoran. Among them is the
kroncong
Kroncong (pronounced "kronchong"; id, Keroncong, nl, Krontjong) is the name of a ukulele-like instrument and an Indonesian musical style that typically makes use of the kroncong (the sound ' comes from this instrument, so the music is called ' ...
music, a mixture of indigenous music and Portuguese
fado
Fado (; "destiny, fate") is a music genre that can be traced to the 1820s in Lisbon, Portugal, but probably has much earlier origins. Fado historian and scholar Rui Vieira Nery states that "the only reliable information on the history of fado was ...
music. Kroncong Tugu, a variation of kroncong that originally came from Tugu (about 12 km east of present Jakarta), is a variation that is closely associated with Kemayoran. Because of rapid development Kemayoran has transformed into a modern city itself. Consequently, cultural values such as the Betawi culture is threatened.
Gambang
A gambang, properly called a gambang kayu ('wooden gambang') is a xylophone-like instrument used among people of Indonesia in gamelan and kulintang, with wooden bars as opposed to the metallic ones of the more typical metallophones in a gamelan. ...
music also developed in Kemayoran under the influence of China. The variation of gambang that developed in Kemayoran is often called Gambang Kemayoran and it is not referred to as
Gambang Kromong
Gambang kromong is a traditional orchestra of Betawi people which is a blend of gamelan, Western music and Chinese-style pentatonic base tones. Gambang kromong is closely associated with the Chinese Betawi community, especially the Chinese Perana ...
because the kromong (a kind of percussion) is not used. Songs that are popular at the time including ''Onde-onde'', ''Si Jongkong Kopyor'', and ''Kapal Karem''.
The
Wayang Kulit of Kemayoran originates from Javanese influences. The main difference is that the language used is the
Betawi language
Betawi, also known as Betawi Malay, Jakartan Malay, or Batavian Malay is the spoken language of the Betawi people in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is the native language of perhaps 5 million people; a precise number is difficult to determine due to the ...
instead of
Javanese language
Javanese (, , ; , Aksara Jawa: , Pegon: , IPA: ) is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java, Indonesia. There are also pockets of Javanese speakers on the northe ...
. During the colonial era, Wayang Kulit was usually performed at ceremonies such as wedding ceremony, circumcision ceremony, and New Year party.
One of the popular artist associated with Kemayoran theater is
Benyamin Sueb
Benyamin Sueb (often written Benyamin S. or called Bang Ben; 5 March 19395 September 1995) was an Indonesian comedian, actor and singer. He released 46 studio albums and starred in more than 50 films. He received two Citra Awards for ''Intan Ber ...
.
Pencak silat, a martial art of the
Betawi people Betawi may refer to:
*Betawi people
*Betawi language
* Betawi cuisine
*Betawi mask dance
See also
* Batavia (disambiguation)
* Batavi (disambiguation)
Batavi may refer to:
*Batavi (Germanic tribe)
**Revolt of the Batavi
*Batavi (military unit)
*Ba ...
, also became popular in Kemayoran. Styles of pencak silat developed in Kemayoran area are ''
Beksi Beksi Silat is one of the most popular traditional martial arts ( Betawi: ''maen pukul'') of the Betawinese. This kuntao-silat hybrid style was originally developed in Kampung Dadap, a village in Kosambi district of Tangerang Regency, Banten Provin ...
'', ''
Cingkrik
Cingkrik Silat is one of the traditional pencak silat ( Betawi: ''maen pukul'') styles of the Betawinese. This style originally came from the Rawa Belong area, which is now part of the Kebon Jeruk subdistrict, West Jakarta, Indonesia. This styl ...
'', ''Si tembak'', ''Sin lam ba'', and ''Kolong meja''. Until late 80's, it is a common routine for children to practice pencak silat after the
Isha prayers.
During the 1990s, many of the traditional art and culture of Betawi characteristic of Kemayoran slowly disappeared.
Folklore
There are many folklores associated with Kemayoran, usually involving the conflict between the indigenous people of Kemayoran and the Dutch ''kompeni'' (local term for
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock ...
who applied huge taxes to the local people.) One of the popular hero from the legend is Murtado ''"Si Macan Kemayoran"'' ("the Kemayoran Tiger") who protected the Kemayoran village area against the Dutch East India Company henchmen and the local bully who oppressed the villagers.
Transportation
Kemayoran can be reached by bus, train, taxi, or
Angkot.
Kemayoran station of
Jakarta metro rail is located in the area. The area is served by
Transjakarta
TransJakarta (stylised as transjakarta, often erroneously called Busway) is a bus rapid transit (BRT) system in Jakarta, Indonesia. The first BRT system in Southeast Asia, it commenced operations on 15 January 2004 to provide a fast public trans ...
corridor 12.
List of important places
*
Kemayoran Athletes Village
*
Kemayoran railway station
Kemayoran Station (KMO) is a railway station located at South Gunung Sahari, Kemayoran, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. This station is located between Pasar Senen railway station in the south and Rajawali railway station in the north. The station ...
*Southern part of
Kemayoran Airport
Kemayoran Airport also spelled Kemajoran Airport, was the principal airport for Jakarta, Indonesia, from 8 July 1940 until 31 March 1985, when it was replaced by Soekarno–Hatta International Airport.
During World War II it was used by the Roy ...
References
{{Kemayoran
Districts of Jakarta
Central Jakarta