Keith Schwab (born May 18, 1968) is an American

physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate cau ...

and a professor of applied physics at the

California Institute of Technology The California Institute of Technology (branded as Caltech or CIT)The university itself only spells its short form as "Caltech"; the institution considers other spellings such a"Cal Tech" and "CalTech" incorrect. The institute is also occasional ...

(Caltech). His contributions are in the areas of

nanoscience The nanoscopic scale (or nanoscale) usually refers to structures with a length scale applicable to nanotechnology, usually cited as 1–100 nanometers (nm). A nanometer is a billionth of a meter. The nanoscopic scale is (roughly speaking) a lo ...

, ultra-

low temperature physics In physics, cryogenics is the production and behaviour of materials at very low temperatures. The 13th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration (held in Washington DC in 1971) endorsed a universal definition of “cryogenics” and “cr ...

, and quantum effects.

Biography

After attending St. Louis University High, Schwab received a Bachelor of Arts in physics from the

University of Chicago The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, U of C, or UChi) is a private university, private research university in Chicago, Illinois. Its main campus is located in Chicago's Hyde Park, Chicago, Hyde Park neighborhood. The University of Chic ...

in 1990 and a Ph.D. in physics from

University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant u ...

in 1996. He wrote a dissertation "Experiments with Superfluid Oscillators" under advisor Richard Packard, where he demonstrated an ultra-sensitive gyroscope based on the quantum properties of

superfluid Superfluidity is the characteristic property of a fluid with zero viscosity which therefore flows without any loss of kinetic energy. When stirred, a superfluid forms vortices that continue to rotate indefinitely. Superfluidity occurs in two ...

helium. He joined Caltech in 1996 as a Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Postdoctoral Scholar In the group of Professor

Michael Roukes Michael Lee Roukes is an American experimental physicist, nanoscientist, and the Frank J. Roshek Professor of Physics, Applied Physics, and Bioengineering at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Education Roukes earned B.A. degrees ...

. There he made the first observation of the quantum of thermal conductance which is the quantum mechanical limit for energy flow through single quantum channels An electron micrograph of the nanodevice he designed and fabricated for this work resides in the permanent collection of the

Museum of Modern Art The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, and is often identified as one of ...

. Schwab joined the U.S.

National Security Agency The National Security Agency (NSA) is a national-level intelligence agency of the United States Department of Defense, under the authority of the Director of National Intelligence (DNI). The NSA is responsible for global monitoring, collect ...

in 2000 and led a group to study the quantum limits of mechanical structures, during which time he was named as a promising young innovator by ''

Technology Review ''MIT Technology Review'' is a bimonthly magazine wholly owned by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and editorially independent of the university. It was founded in 1899 as ''The Technology Review'', and was re-launched without "The" in ...

''. In 2002, Schwab was named to the

MIT The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the m ...

TR100 The Innovators Under 35 is a peer-reviewed annual award and listicle published by ''MIT Technology Review'' magazine, naming the world's top 35 innovators under the age of 35. at ''Technology Review'' with lists of winners at technologyreview.com ...

as one of the top 100 innovators in the world under the age of 35. In 2005, he was named a

Young Global Leader Forum of Young Global Leaders, or Young Global Leaders (YGL), was created by Klaus Schwab, founder of the World Economic Forum. The YGL, a non-profit organization managed from Geneva, Switzerland, is under the supervision of the Swiss government ...

by the World Economic Forum and attended the annual meeting in Davos, Switzerland in 2005, 2007, and 2008. In 2006, Schwab moved to

Cornell Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to teach a ...

as an associate professor of physics where his group focused on both the cooling of mechanical structures to near the quantum ground state, and the observation of motion which fundamentally avoids the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. In 2009 he joined

Caltech The California Institute of Technology (branded as Caltech or CIT)The university itself only spells its short form as "Caltech"; the institution considers other spellings such a"Cal Tech" and "CalTech" incorrect. The institute is also occasional ...

as a professor of applied physics. His group explores the following topics: producing squeezed states of motion, exploring ultra-low dissipation superfluid resonators, ultra-sensitive microwave detection using graphene-based bolometers, and developing wide-band parametric amplifiers. In 2014 his research group demonstrated the detection of motion which avoids the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and the detection of the force noise generated by the quantum zero-point energy of a microwave field. Recently, this group has produces a quantum squeezed state of motion, where the fluctuations of one quadrature of motion are below the quantum zero-point level."Quantum squeezing of motion in a mechanical resonator," EE Wollman, CU Lei, AJ Weinstein, J Suh, A Kronwald, F Marquardt, AA Clerk, KC Schwab, Science 349 (6251), 952-955, (2015).

Selected publications and research results

*''"Mechanically Detecting and Avoiding the Quantum Fluctuations of a Microwave Field,"J. Suh, A. J. Weinstein, C. U. Lei, E. E. Wollman, S. K. Steinke, P. Meystre, A. A. Clerk, K. C. Schwab, Science 344, 1262–1265 (2014.) '' *''"Superfluid Optomechanics: Coupling of a Superfluid to a Superconducting Condensate," LA DeLorenzo and KC Schwab, New Journal of Physics 16, 113020 (2014.)'' *''"Preparation and Detection of a Mechanical Resonator Near the Ground State of Motion," T. Rocheleau, T. Ndukum, C. Macklin, J.B. Hertzberg, A.A. Clerk, K.C. Schwab, Nature 463, 72-75 (2009). '' *''"Back-action Evading Measurements of Nanomechanical Motion," J.B. Hertzberg, T. Roucheleau, T. Ndukum, M. Savva, A.A. Clerk, K.C. Schwab, Nature Physics 6, 213-217 (2009).'' *''"Demonstration of an ultracold micro-optomechanical oscillator in a cryogenic cavity," Simon Groblacher, Jared B. Hertzberg, Michael R. Vanner, Garret D. Cole, Sylvain Gigan, K.C. Schwab, Markus Aspelmeyer, Nature Physics 5, 485 (2009).'' *''"Radio Frequency Scanning Tunneling Microscopy," U. Kemiktarak, T. Ndukum, K.C. Schwab, K.L. Ekinci, Nature 450, 85-89 (2007). '' *''"Information on Heat Flow" – News and Views, K. Schwab, Nature 444, 161-162 (2006).'' *''"Self-cooling of a micro-mirror by radiation pressure," S. Gigan, H.R. Boehm, M. Paternostro, F. Blaser, G. Langer, J. Hertzberg, K. Schwab, D. Baeuerle, M. Aspelmeyer, A. Zeilinger, Nature 444, 67-70 (2006).'' * ''"Quantum Measurement Backaction and Cooling Observed with a Nanomechanical Resonator," A. Naik, O. Buu, M.D. LaHaye, M.P. Blencowe, A.D. Armour, A. A. Clerk, K.C. Schwab, Nature 443, 193 (2006.)'' * ''"Ion Trap in a Semiconductor Chip," D. Stick, W.K. Hensinger, M.J. Madsen, S. Olmschenk, K. Schwab, C. Monroe, cover article Nature Physics 2, 36 (2005.)*'' * ''"Putting Mechanics into Quantum Mechanics," K.C. Schwab and M.L. Roukes, cover article Physics Today 58, 36 (2005.)'' * ''"Approaching the Quantum Limit of a Nanomechanical Resonator," M. LaHaye, O. Buu, B. Camarota, K. Schwab, Science 304, 74 (2004).'' * ''"Quantum Dynamics of a Cooper-Pair Box Coupled to a Micromechanical Resonator," A.D. Armour, M.P. Blencowe, and K. Schwab, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 148301 (2002.)'' * ''"Measurement of the Quantum of Thermal Conductance," K. Schwab, E.A. Henriksen, J.M. Worlock, and M.L. Roukes, Nature 404, 974-977 (2000.)'' * ''"Detection of the Earth's Rotation Using Superfluid Phase Coherence," K. Schwab, N. Bruckner, and R. E. Packard", Nature 386, pp. 585–587 (1997.) '' * ''"Faceted Crystal Growth in Two Dimensions," B. Berge, L. Faucheux, K. Schwab, A. Libchaber, Nature 350, p. 320 (1991).''

References

External links

Official website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Schwab, Keith California Institute of Technology faculty 21st-century American physicists Scientists from St. Louis Physicists from Missouri 1968 births Living people