Keep It Simple Stupid

KISS, an acronym for "Keep it simple, stupid!", is a design principle noted by the U.S. Navy in 1960. First seen partly in American English by at least 1938, the KISS principle states that most systems work best if they are kept simple rather than made complicated; therefore, simplicity should be a key goal in design, and unnecessary complexity should be avoided. The phrase has been associated with aircraft engineer Kelly Johnson. The term "KISS principle" was in popular use by 1970. Variations on the phrase (usually as some euphemism for the more churlish "stupid") include "keep it super simple", "keep it simple, silly", "keep it short and simple", "keep it short and sweet", "keep it simple and straightforward", "keep it small and simple", "keep it simple, soldier", "keep it simple, sailor", "keep it simple, sweetie", or "keep it sweet and simple".

Origin

The acronym was reportedly coined by Kelly Johnson, lead engineer at the Lockheed Skunk Works (creators of the Lockheed U-2 and SR-71 Blackbird spy planes, among many others). However, the variant "Keep it Short and Simple" is attested from a 1938 issue of the '' Minneapolis Star''.

While popular usage has transcribed it for decades as "Keep it simple, stupid", Johnson transcribed it simply as "Keep it simple stupid" (no comma), and this reading is still used by many authors.Ram B. Misra (2004), "Global IT Outsourcing: Metrics for Success of All Parties", ''Journal of Information Technology Cases and Applications'', volume 6 issue 3, page 21
Online version
Retrieved 2009-12-19.

The principle is best exemplified by the story of Johnson handing a team of design engineers a handful of tools, with the challenge that the jet aircraft they were designing must be repairable by an average mechanic in the field under combat conditions with only these tools. Hence, the "stupid" refers to the relationship between the way things break and the sophistication available to repair them.

The acronym has been used by many in the U.S. military, especially the U.S. Navy and United States Air Force, and in the field of software development.

Variants

The principle most likely finds its origins in similar minimalist concepts, such as:
* Occam's razor
* Leonardo da Vinci's "Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication";
* Shakespeare's "Brevity is the soul of wit";
* Mies van der Rohe's " Less is more";
* Bjarne Stroustrup's "Make Simple Tasks Simple!";
* Dr. Seuss's ode to brevity: "So the writer who breeds more words than he needs, is making a chore for the reader who reads."
* Johan Cruyff's "Playing football is very simple but playing simple football is the hardest thing there is";
* Antoine de Saint Exupéry's "It seems that perfection is reached not when there is nothing left to add, but when there is nothing left to take away";
* Colin Chapman, the founder of Lotus Cars, urged his designers to "Simplify, then add lightness";
* Attributed to Albert Einstein, although this may be an editor's paraphrase of a lecture he gave., "Make everything as simple as possible, but not simpler".
* Steve Jobs's "Simplify, Simplify, Simplify", which simplified Henry David Thoreau's quote “Simplify, simplify, simplify.” for emphasis.

Heath Robinson machines and Rube Goldberg's machines, intentionally overly-complex solutions to simple tasks or problems, are humorous examples of "non-KISS" solutions.

Usage

In film animation

Master animator Richard Williams explains the KISS principle in his book '' The Animator's Survival Kit'', and Disney's Nine Old Men write about it in '' Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life'', a considerable work of the genre. The problem faced is that inexperienced animators may "over-animate" in their works, that is, a character may move too much and do too much. Williams urges animators to "KISS".

In software development

* Don't repeat yourself (DRY)
* Minimalism
* Unix philosophy
* Arch Linux
* Slackware Linux
* Chartjunk
* List of software development philosophies
* Reduced instruction set computing
* Rule of least power
* There's more than one way to do it
* Worse is better (Less is more)
* You aren't gonna need it (YAGNI)

In politics

* Keep It Simple Solutions, New Brunswick, a minor political party in New Brunswick, Canada
* Keep It Straight and Simple Party, a minor political party in South Africa

See also

* BLUF (communication)
* Concision
* Elegance
* The Fox and the Cat (fable)
* It's the economy, stupid
* Less is more
* Mini survival kit – a minimal "bug-out bag" or survival kit
* Muntzing
* Occam's razor
* Perfect is the enemy of good
* Simple living
* Simplicity
* Ultralight backpacking

References

External links

Kiss Principle

{{Design

Adages
Software development philosophies
Programming principles
Simple living
Design