is a

city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be de ...

located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated

population Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using ...

of 101,649 in 47493 households and a

population density Population density (in agriculture: Stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical ...

of 930 persons per km². The total area of the city is .

Geography

Kawachinagano is located in the southeastern part of Osaka prefecture, separated from Nara and Wakayama Prefectures by the Izumi Mountains and Mount Kongō. The city is roughly triangular in area with the apex at the north. Approximately 70 percent of the city area is forested, and there are two major rivers: the Ishikawa (the larger) and the Amamigawa (a tributary of the Yamato River). In the southern foothills, the tourist name "Okukawachi" is used, and there are many historical sites and buildings. The city center it is about 30 minutes to Namba Station in central Osaka and about one hour to

Kansai International Airport Kansai International Airport ( ja, 関西国際空港, Kansai Kokusai Kūkō) commonly known as is the primary international airport in the Greater Osaka Area of Japan and the closest international airport to the cities of Osaka, Kyoto, and ...

. Much of the city is within the borders of the Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-National Park.

Neighboring municipalities

Osaka Prefecture * Sakai *

Izumi , meaning "spring" or "fountain", is a Japanese given name and surname. While a unisex name, it is more commonly used by women. It can alternately be written as , , , or . People with the name include: As given name * , actress * , stage name Mi ...

* Ōsakasayama *

Tondabayashi is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 108803 in 51632 households and a population density of 1200 persons per km². The total area of the city is . Geography Tondabayashi is located in the south ...

* Chihayaakasaka Nara Prefecture * Gojō Wakayama Prefecture * Hashimoto * Katsuragi

Climate

Kawachinagano has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kawachinagano is 13.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1475 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.0 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.4 °C.

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Kawachinagano increased steadily over the course of the 20th century and has seen gradual decline in the 21st.

History

The area of the modern city of Kawachinagano was within ancient Kawachi Province. Evidence of continuous human settlement since the

Japanese Paleolithic The is the period of human inhabitation in Japan predating the development of pottery, generally before 10,000 BC. The starting dates commonly given to this period are from around 40,000 BC; although any date of human presence before 35,000 BC ...

period has been found. Numerous '' kofun''

burial mounds A tumulus (plural tumuli) is a mound of Soil, earth and Rock (geology), stones raised over a grave or graves. Tumuli are also known as barrows, burial mounds or ''kurgans'', and may be found throughout much of the world. A cairn, which is a ...

were built in the area during the Kofun period,and the

Asuka period The was a period in the history of Japan lasting from 538 to 710 (or 592 to 645), although its beginning could be said to overlap with the preceding Kofun period. The Yamato polity evolved greatly during the Asuka period, which is named after t ...

scholar and diplomat Takamuko no Kuromaro came from this area. During the

Nara The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an " independent federal agency of the United States government within the executive branch", charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It ...

and

Heian period The is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. It followed the Nara period, beginning when the 50th emperor, Emperor Kanmu, moved the capital of Japan to Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto). means "peace" in Japanese ...

, numerous Buddhist temples were built, including Kanshin-ji and

Kongō-ji is a Buddhist temple in Kawachinagano, Osaka, Japan. It is the head temple of the Shingon Omuro sect. and also known under its mountain-name as . It is the 7th temple on the and is notable for the large number of designated cultural prope ...

. During the

Nanboku-chō period The Nanboku-chō period (南北朝時代, ''Nanboku-chō jidai'', "North and South court period", also known as the Northern and Southern Courts period), spanning from 1336 to 1392, was a period that occurred during the formative years of the Mur ...

, the area was the site of many conflicts between the

Northern Court The , also known as the Ashikaga Pretenders or Northern Pretenders, were a set of six pretenders to the throne of Japan during the Nanboku-chō period from 1336 through 1392. The present Imperial House of Japan is descended from the Northern Cour ...

and the Southern Court. During the

Edo Period The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional ''daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was character ...

much of the area came under the control of Sayama Domain, Zeze Domain and

Kanbe Domain was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Ise Province in what is part of now modern-day Suzuka, Mie. It was centered around Kanbe Castle. Kanbe Domain was controlled by '' fudai daimyō'' clans throughout ...

. After the

Meiji restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were r ...

, the area became part of Osaka Prefecture from 1881. The villages of Nagano, Nishigori, Shinno (later renamed Chiyoda), Amano, Mikkaichi, Kawakami, Amami, and Kaga-Tamura and Takamukai were created with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. On April 1, 1896 the area became part of Minamikawachi District, Osaka. Nagano was elevated to town status on September 1, 1910. On April 1, 1954, Nagano merged with Mikkaichi, Kawakami, Amami, Kagata, and Takamukai villages to form the city of Kawachinagano.

Government

Kawachinagano has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature, which consists of one house or assembly, that legislates and votes as one. Unicameral legislatures exist when there is no widely perceived need for multi ...

city council of 18 members. Kawachinagano contributes one member to the

Osaka Prefectural Assembly The is the legislature of Osaka Prefecture. As in all prefectures, it is elected to four-year terms by single non-transferable vote in multi- and single-member districts and is responsible for enacting and amending prefectural by-laws, approving ...

. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Osaka 15th district of the lower house of the

Diet of Japan The is the national legislature of Japan. It is composed of a lower house, called the House of Representatives (, ''Shūgiin''), and an upper house, the House of Councillors (, '' Sangiin''). Both houses are directly elected under a paral ...

Economy

Kawachinagano was traditionally known for its toothpick and bamboo blind crafts. Forestry and wood processing remain an important component of the local economy. Industries include metal casting and the brewing of ''

sake Sake, also spelled saké ( ; also referred to as Japanese rice wine), is an alcoholic beverage of Japanese origin made by fermenting rice that has been polished to remove the bran. Despite the name ''Japanese rice wine'', sake, and ind ...

.'' An increasing percentage of the working population is commuting to larger population centers, such as Sakai, Osaka, Hashimoto or Gojo.

Education

Kawachinagano has 13 public elementary schools and seven public middle schools operated by the city government and two public high schools operated by the Osaka Prefectural Department of Education. There are also one private middle school and two private high schools. The Osaka Chiyoda Junior College is located in Kawachinagano

Transportation

Railway

Nankai Electric Railway - Nankai koya line symbol

Nankai Kōya Line * - - - - - KintetsuLogo

Kintetsu Railway , referred to as , is a Japanese passenger railway company, managing infrastructure and operating passenger train service. Its railway system is the largest in Japan, excluding Japan Railways Group. The railway network connects Osaka, Nara, Kyo ...

Kintetsu Nagano Line * -

Highway

* * *

Local attractions

Temples and Shrines

* Iwawaki-ji * Emmei-ji * Kanshin-ji * Kawaidera *

*Eboshigata

Hachiman In Japanese religion, ''Yahata'' (八幡神, ancient Shinto pronunciation) formerly in Shinto and later commonly known as Hachiman (八幡神, Japanese Buddhist pronunciation) is the syncretic divinity of archery and war, incorporating elements f ...

Jinja

Nature and Parks

Mount Iwawaki Mount is often used as part of the name of specific mountains, e.g. Mount Everest. Mount or Mounts may also refer to: Places * Mount, Cornwall, a village in Warleggan parish, England * Mount, Perranzabuloe, a hamlet in Perranzabuloe parish, ...

* Mount Kongō * Mount Makio * Takihata Dam * Teragaike * Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-National Park *

Nagano Park Nagano may refer to: Places * Nagano Prefecture, a prefecture in Japan ** Nagano (city), the capital city of the same prefecture *** Nagano 1998, the 1998 Winter Olympics *** Nagano Olympic Stadium, a baseball stadium in Nagano *** Nagano Univer ...

Teragaike Park is a reservoir in Kawachinagano, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It is for irrigation to paddy fields near this lake. It was made in the Edo period. Fishing is prohibited in the lake. Summaries *Teragaike lies to the north of Kawachinagano, Osaka Pre ...

Amusement parks

Kansai Cycle Sports Center The or the , lies in the southern-central region of Japan's main island Honshu, Honshū. The region includes the Prefectures of Japan, prefectures of Nara Prefecture, Nara, Wakayama Prefecture, Wakayama, Kyoto Prefecture, Kyoto, Osaka Prefectur ...

Osaka Prefectural Flowers Garden is a botanical garden in Kawachinagano, Osaka Prefecture, Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the ...

Sister city relations

* Carmel (

Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th ...

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five ma ...

)

Noted people from Kawachinagano

* Takuro Fujii, swimmer * Koichi Fukuda, lead guitarist, programmer and keyboardist * Asuka Hinoi, singer * Shinji Tanimura, singer and songwriter * Hirofumi Yoshimura, politician

Gallery

File:Kawachinagano Information and Communication Citizens Square1.jpg, kiccs (Library) File:Kawachinagano-Station Bus-Terminal.jpg, Kawachinagano Station File:Kanshinji Kondou.jpg, Kanshinji File:Koya kaido 01.jpg, Kōya Kaidō File:Mt Iwawaki4.jpg, Mt Iwawaki File:Takihata furusato bunkazainomori center.jpg, Takihata File:Kotaki(Takihata 48 Waterfalls).jpg, Kōtaki (Takihata 48 Waterfalls) File:Nantenen (Amami Onsen).jpg, Nantenen (Amami Onsen)

References

External links

* * Cities in Osaka Prefecture Kawachinagano {{Osaka-geo-stub